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Tax Overview and Types

Jun 16, 2025

Overview

This lecture explains the role of tax in society, describes types of taxes, and demonstrates how the Goods and Services Tax (GST) is calculated on purchases.

Purpose of Tax

  • Tax funds public goods like roads, schools, and hospitals that are available to everyone.
  • Without taxes, essential services and infrastructure would not be possible.
  • Taxes are collected by the government and used for the benefit of all citizens.

Types of Taxes

  • Goods and Services Tax (GST) is a tax on most goods and services sold.
  • Income tax is paid by people who earn money through work or investments.
  • Land tax is paid by people who own land.

How Taxes Work

  • People who earn or spend more generally pay more tax, reflecting their ability to contribute.
  • Some benefits, like the Family Tax Benefit, return money to citizens in need (e.g., larger families).
  • The government collects tax from everyone, then redistributes it to balance needs.

GST Example Calculation

  • If a tablet costs $830, GST is 10% of $830.
  • 10% of $830 = $83 (calculate by dividing 830 by 10).
  • Total sale price including GST is $830 + $83 = $913.

Key Terms & Definitions

  • Tax — Money collected by the government to fund public goods and services.
  • GST (Goods and Services Tax) — A 10% tax on most goods and services in Australia.
  • Income tax — Tax paid on money earned from working or investments.
  • Land tax — Tax paid by people who own land.
  • Family Tax Benefit — Government payments to support families, especially those with more children.

Action Items / Next Steps

  • Review GST calculations and practice with different purchase amounts.
  • Understand different types of taxes and their impact on individuals and society.