foreign we talk about pituitary gland it's Anatomy it's location it structures around we'll talk a bit more about cabinet centers in a minute but Nomas are for the most part benign tumors uh that came across on the pituitary tissue itself and they were classically classified on uh two major categories non-secretor which will the null cell adenomous these are tumors that do not have cells that stain from anything as you will see now include in this category also gonadotroph adenomas there are tumors that stain for uh the gonadotrophin hormones but they do not secrete them and approximately half of the tumors are non-secreted the other half are secure secretary tumors and we had three major categories uh prolactinomas produced prolactin growth hormone adenomous produce acromegular giantism when I review this in a minute and then ACTH tumors that produce or cause Cushing's Disease as I said LH FSH tumors or gonado monotrophone adenomas they cause no symptoms so we include them now in the non-securator tumor category because they don't produce any hyper secretary syndromes as I said most adenomas are benign uh with uh and I would say probably 95 to 99 percent of the other normal 79 but there is a group of them that are uh that they are more atypical and more aggressive and very very rarely there are there is something called pituitary carcinomas they can even have metastasis but this is extremely extremely rare um there is a more uh updated classification of pituitary tumors that has been recently proposed by The Who and this is based on the uh transcription the cell lineages for each adenoma for the I don't know my cell type and this is driven by transcription factor expressions um so as we said you know from the stem cell from the ratus pouch stem cell there are three different transcription factors which are TP pit one sf1 and each of them gives differential lineages so cortical drop lineage is stupid and that's where acth2 must come from but we also have a type of tumor is called a silent corticotropodinoma these are tumors are are known to be more invasive but they are non-secretor they do not cause cushions they do not increase ACTH levels in the P1 lineage which includes both the somatotroph adenomous the growth hormonomous and the lacto trophy Dynamics which are the prolactinoma mass and there is something called a mix a tumor or a plural hormonal tumor where it has multiple tumors that both growth hormone both prolactin adenomas and a very rare type of tumor functional tumor actually called title trough where the tumors produce TSH and these are rare tumors but we see them eventually and and the purely hormone tightening also include the title trough type of adenoma the P1 lineage we are learning recently these tumors are actually the most invasive and the ones that are most invasive to the cabinet sinus in particular this is new research you are coming up with um and then we have the sf1 uh which are the most benign of all these categories which is the mostly they're going out of uh lineage hey everyone Ryan rad here from neurosurgerytraining.org if you like that video subscribe and donate to keep our content available for medical students across the world