Overview
This lecture introduces 21st Century Literature from the Philippines and the World, outlining its importance, the major periods in Philippine literary history, and key reasons for studying literature.
Introduction to 21st Century Literature
- Literature refers to the stories of humanity and reflects culture and history.
- Studying literature helps us understand people, countries, and ourselves.
- The subject covers Philippine literary history, regional texts and authors, literary approaches, genres, and creative representations.
Importance of Studying Literature
- Literature connects us with ancestors and preserves ideas across generations.
- It serves as a window to the Filipino past and builds appreciation for cultural heritage.
- Literature helps overcome historical limitations and fosters pride in one's culture.
Major Periods in Philippine Literary History
- Pre-colonial Period: Before foreign conquest, featured oral literature such as folk tales, songs, epics (e.g., Biag ni Lam-ang, Ibalon, Darangan), riddles ("bugtong"), and proverbs.
- Spanish Colonial Period: Introduction of written literature; focus on spreading Christianity and eliminating indigenous culture; emergence of writers like Jose Rizal and Marcelo H. del Pilar.
- American Regime: Promotion of education and the English language, influencing new literary forms and authors like Jose Garcia Villa.
- Japanese Period and Contemporary Period: Further evolution of literature reflecting recent and modern themes.
Notable Filipino Writers and Literary Forms
- Oral literature passed down by word of mouth during the pre-colonial period.
- Key figures in reform movements included Jose Rizal, Marcelo H. del Pilar, and others.
- Different periods saw the rise of various literary texts and genres.
Key Terms & Definitions
- Literature — Written or spoken works reflecting human ideas, culture, and experiences.
- Pre-colonial Period — Time before foreign colonization, marked by oral traditions.
- Epics — Long narrative poems about heroic deeds and adventures.
- Proverbs — Short, wise sayings expressing common truths.
Action Items / Next Steps
- Reflect: What would happen if literature did not exist?
- Prepare for next session: Continue with literary periods and approaches.
- Optional: Research literary works from the pre-colonial and Spanish periods.