um so we have the corpor cavernosum penis and the Corpus spongiosum and you can see in both of these um pieces of erectile tissue or I should say all three of these pieces of erectile tissue there are little holes these are the sinuses that fill with blood um up here you can see here's the skin and then we have the dorsal vein subcutaneous uh dorsal vein and then the Deep dorsal vein and the dorsal arteries so there's also the Deep arteries so what's going to happen is blood is going to come in through these deep arteries fill these sinuses and when it does it kind of smushes these veins up here and prevents the blood from leaving and that is how an erection occurs and how it is sustained um so all this is surrounded by the Tunica alenia the the enlarged end at the end of the Corpus spongiosum is the glands penis and then there's a small slit called the external urethal orifice and it's covered by the prefuse or forkin unless um the man is circumcised penile fracture is you hear sometimes people talking about broken penis well there's not a bone there so you can't actually break it but what is referred to as a penal fracture is actually um it happens um most often during very vigorous sex particularly if the woman's on top and if she comes down the wrong way at a wrong angle what happens is the tuna alenia this connective tissue surrounding this area that's now engorged with blood cracks and it's a sound that people actually you can actually hear the cracking of it and what happens with this then is that certainly man's going to be in a lot of pain but the blood is going to diffuse out of here and it can um cause the penis to have an OD angle to it it can cause a disruption of urethra it can cause all sorts of problems and so if something like this would ever happen it's important to get Immediate Care at an emergency room even though it might be embarrassing it's a lot worse walking around afterwards with a deformity or with uh being unable to urinate properly or being a unable to control urination and all those things can happen as a result of a penile fracture Pon disease um also can cause a um Distortion of the penis the structure of the penis in ponus disease a fibrous plaque forms in that erectile along that erectile tissue and it causes the penis to curve now the curve may not cause uh any major issue other than make it look funny but it can it can cause problems with urination it can cause problems with ejaculation it can cause problems with um lots of things um so it depends um but this is a specific disease in which plaque forms circumcision involves removal of preuse or the foreskin uh in the United States it's done routinely most of the rest of the world does not circumcise um in Europe um except for um people that do it for religious reasons um as part of a ritual most people do not circumcise in Africa most people do not circumcise in Asia in South America um there's Arguments for it there's arguments against it one of the arguments for it is that it can lower the number of urinary tract infections um decreased sexually transmitted disease because of the likelihood of different organisms um getting under the skin things like that um there was a study done on um people who were circumcised as composed to those who were not one of the things that happens in males that are circumcised is the gland's penis gets tougher on the outside if it's constantly being covered by this skin it's extremely sensitive and um the skin is thinner that thicker skin on men that circumcised can help prevent vent um certain um pathogens viruses and things like that from um infecting but um on the other hand people that are anti- circumcision um talk about a decreased sensitivity which is absolutely true because if you remove the skin this toughens up and if it toughens up it's less sensitive a decrease in sexual pleasure uh some describe it as mutilation um it all depends some people want to get it done because they want their kids to look like everyone else and they don't want to or they want their kids to look like their dad um and since it's routinely done um that's their argument in favor of it having a forkin is not NE some people say it's dirty it's not necessarily dirty um guys all over the world have four skins and if you have a forkin you just learn how to clean the penis properly so it's not really a big deal um so this is controversial not nearly as controversial as female circumcision but there's still Arguments for and against this penile implants um can help men who uh have erectile dysfunction who cannot take things like Viagra or seis or anything like that because of problems with their blood pressure or because they're on they're taking nitroglycerin or whatever um for some reason they can't take it or they don't want to take it and penoil implants there's two main kinds there's one where it's just a like a rod that's inserted into the penis that um in which the penis is is kind of erect all the time time um or uh more commonly they're the pumps and with the pumps you have saine Reservoir that's implanted in your abdomen and then the actual pump is down in the Squirtle sack and there's a cylinder that's in the penis um when the man wants to get an erection he presses on the scrotal sack to um activate the pump and then the pump is going to send saline down into it goes down to the pump and then it goes into the cylinder and as the saline fills the cylinder you get an erection um it's not supposed to interfere with normal sexual activity at all and then when you're um want your erection to disappear you press on the pump again and the fluid drains back into the reservoir the muscles of ejaculation are um found around the root of the penis and those would be the isio cavernosus and the bubo spongiosis um the cura of the penis ends or um is enclosed by the isio cavernosus muscle and the bulb is enclosed by the bulbo spongiosis muscle erection is is parasympathetic ejaculation is sympathetic so if you think about um parasympathetic reflexes they're generally going to have increased blood flow uh to areas that are not necessarily the heart lungs and skeletal muscle so when you have sexual stimulation the arteries that Supply the penis can be can dilate and this dilation is mediated by oxide which is what Calis and Viagra um help to increase the veins then compress the blood becomes trapped in those sinuses in the spongy spongy part of the penis um ejaculation is sympathetic so you're going to have muscle contractions close to the sphincter at the base of the bladder to close off the urinary bladder um and because it prevents urination while you're ejaculating and then there's going to be peristaltic contractions that start in the vast defrin and then move through the seminal vesicles ejaculatory ducts and the prostate and all this is going to help Propel the semen into the penile portion and then the isio cavernosus muscle and the bulbo spongiosis muscle promote a mission goals for luxure four describe the flow of sperm and production of semen through the male reproductive tract descri describe the composition of seminal fluid and the components added to it by the secretions from the seminal vesicle the prostate and bulbo urethal glands describe how the blood supply and erectile tissue allow an erection to occur Define the following terms preuse circumcision erection ejaculation vasectomy seog Jalin PSA prostatitis ponus disease penile implant and penile fracture which muscles are involved in ejaculation why must sperm coagulate coagulate and liquefy following ejaculation and how to Prost the gland in Aid INF fertilization and which is a sympathetic response ejaculation or erection