Good afternoon Section C! For today, we'll just have a short discussion or a lecture video for the introduction of your laboratory math. Last week, you were assigned a number to form groups 1 to 3. So supposedly, we should do our reporting before we start with our discussion. But we'll move the reporting for next week.
Also, attendance link and assignment will be given to you at the end of the video. So it's okay if you watched our lecture video. Without further ado, let's start with Laboratorium math part 1 of 3, percent solution. Okay, so in your report, supposedly, you will talk about the reagents, which we have chemicals, standards, and types of waters.
So, what reagents do you use? So, specifically in clinical chemistry, we use these reagents such as the standard for quality control. And we use reagent waters for a lot of different purposes which will be discussed in the reporting. So for bullet number one, laboratory reagents or solutions are commonly expressed in percent or normality and molarity. But for today, we'll only discuss about the percent solution.
It may also require titer or dilution to reflect concentration of substances in the solution. So titer or dilution will be covered in the part three of our lab math. Percent solution, so in any natural class, solution is equals to solute plus solvent, wherein the solute is a substance that is dissolved in a liquid, and solvent is the liquid in which the solute is dissolved.
Thus, percent solution is defined as the amount of solute, which is the one diluted in grams if solid or milliliters if liquid. to every 100 ml of the solution no matter how large the volume of the final dilution and present solutions can either be a combination of solid solute plus solid solvent so what are the examples of solid solute the solid solvent we have alloy metals we also have solid solute plus liquid solvent so the best examples are powdered or powdered solutions diluted in your liquid solvent or liquid solute plus liquid solvent so example our best example is your biological fluid wherein in clinical chemistry we usually test for serum or plasma so what is the solute in your biological fluid so the solute in your biological fluid which is diluted in the plasma or serum which is the solvent is the analyte so example we have creatinine bilirubin The electrolytes, those are the solute, while your plasma or serum is your solvent. But that is for liquid solute plus liquid solvent. So moving on, this can be expressed as this table. So we have solute, which is the part that is diluted, solvent, which dilutes the solute, or it is called the diluent.
Solution is the product of solute plus solvent, as stated a while ago, and we have the type of percent solution. So under solute, we have solid. So pag solid daw siya, it is expressed in grams. So the same way can be said for a solid solvent, it is also expressed in grams or G. Now the solution or the product, when your solute and solvent are both solid, will be solid as well.
But it is least commonly encountered in chemical chemistry. And the type of present solution will be weight per weight or W slash W solution. Now, for a solid solute that is expressed in grams and a solvent that is liquid which is expressed in milliliters or ml, the solution or the product will be liquid.
Because of course, if you dilute the powder in water, so your product is liquid. And then, the type of solution will be percent weight per volume or W slash V solution. Last is liquid solute which is milliliter and a liquid solvent in ml will give you a solutionary product of liquid dihapon expressed in ml.
And the type of percent solution will be percent volume per volume or V slash V solution. So what did you notice? The rest of the table, what's important here is you have to remember that Solid, whether it is solute or solvent, can express in grams.
And if it's liquid, solute or solvent, it will be expressed in ml. Now, solid or grams. represented by weight per weight or W while liquid per liquid will be expressed as volume per volume so this is the formula for your percent solution you have percent of the solution is equals to the amount of solute in grams or ml either W or V or weight or volume over the amount of solution in grams or ml times 100 okay so again grams is representing a solid solute because when it is on the numerator it represents the solute that's four percent of the solution of formula if ml that is representing your liquid solute Now for the denominator, you just need the amount of solution in grams per ml. So the solution will contain again what? Solution is equal to solute plus solvent.
Then 100 is constant. However, there are specific considerations we must remember when computing for your percent solution. So when mixing liquid solute, which is the thing or the substance that you dilute to add diluent, which is your liquid solvent, the volume of the solution is the sum of the volume of the solute and solvent. So in bullet number 1, the case is volume per volume. So ang imuhang solute and solvent are both liquid.
So it is ml and ml. And that... I agreed earlier that solution is equal to solute plus solvent is applicable if both solute and solvent are liquid or represented by the unit of measure milliliters.
However, when the solute is solid, the amount in grams is not added to the total volume of the solution. So, in terms of bullet number 2, it is weight per volume. So, the amount of solute is solid while the amount of solvent is possible.
solvent is liquid. So what are the representative units of measure? We have grams per ml.
So what you should do is to have a good practice of converting all volumes in ml and weight in grams before computation. So we have here our sample calculation for percent solutions. So for sample calculation number one, you have the problem 25 ml of concentrated alcohol is diluted with 250 ml water.
What is the resulting percent concentration of the alcohol solution? So of course class, you always have to start with a given. So since solute is liquid, the volume is added in the total volume of solution. So parehasan eh, 25 ml alcohol is your solute. which is diluted in your 250 ml water which is your solvent.
So, in this case, it is applicable that the solution is equal to the solute and solvent. So, again, let's solve for this. We have your formula, percent solution is equal to, if you use this as a numerator, so you have the amount of solute.
solute in grams or liquid so you have 25 ml or 25 ml alcohol and then ang sa baba is ilaman ga ang sa baba which is the solution or the amount of solution in grams or ml so since this is weight per weight you can add solute plus solvent to form a solution so 250 plus 25 will be Then again, you add your constant which is 100. So your final answer is 90%. So then, 90% will be the resulting concentration of alcohol after diluting in 250 ml water. So this is how you compute for your percent solution.