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Brazil's Pix Payment System

Oct 24, 2025,

Overview

The transcript discusses Brazil's Pix payment system, highlighting its widespread adoption and low costs, and contrasts it with Australia's current card-based payment infrastructure, questioning why a similar system hasn't been implemented there.

Pix System in Brazil

  • Pix is a government-run, app-based payment system introduced by the Central Bank of Brazil.
  • It allows instant, free money transfers between users and merchants via aliases or QR codes.
  • The merchant fee is a flat 0.22%.
  • The system is widely adopted, with 93% of Brazilians using it, leading to the displacement of card payments.

Impact and International Reaction

  • American companies like Visa and Mastercard have lost market share in Brazil due to Pix.
  • Former US President Donald Trump criticized Pix and imposed a 50% tariff on Brazil in response.

Comparison with Australia

  • The Reserve Bank of Australia has discussed reducing card payment costs by up to $1.2–2 billion.
  • Card-related fees in Australia total $6.4 billion annually, benefiting card companies, banks, and tech firms.
  • Transaction fees are not transparent to Australian consumers, being hidden in the payment process.
  • Card payments, often via phone wallets, are increasing as cash usage declines.

Barriers to Adoption in Australia

  • Australia's payment infrastructure is built around cards, not instant payment apps.
  • Switching to an app-based system would require significant changes, including QR scanning or alias-based transfers.
  • The payment system is owned by banks and card companies, not the government.
  • Implementing a Pix-like system would mean nationalizing the payment infrastructure, contrary to Australia's trend towards privatization.

Questions / Follow-Ups

  • Why doesn't the Reserve Bank of Australia implement a Pix-like system despite evident benefits?
  • What are the practical and political barriers to nationalizing Australia's payment infrastructure?
  • Could transparency in fees and consumer awareness drive demand for payment system reform?