Four Spheres of the Earth

Overview

The Earth is divided into four major spheres. Each sphere is named based on Greek words that describe their fundamental components:

• Geo: Ground
• Bio: Life
• Hydro: Water
• Atmo: Air

The Four Spheres Detailed

1. Geosphere

• Meaning: Geo = Ground
• Components: Includes all rocks, minerals, and parts of the ground.
• Layers:
  • Inner Core
  • Outer Core
  • Crust
  • Mantle
• Features:
  • Ocean floor
  • Surface rocks
  • Desert sand
  • Earth's interior

2. Hydrosphere

• Components: All water on Earth including:
  • Rivers
  • Lakes
  • Streams
  • Oceans
  • Ice caps
  • Glaciers
  • Moisture in the air
• Fact: Earth's surface is over 70% water, primarily in oceans.

3. Biosphere

• Definition: Zone of life on Earth.
• Extent: Includes any location life can exist:
  • In the air
  • On the surface
  • In oceans

4. Atmosphere

• Definition: Layer of gases surrounding Earth.
• Composition:
  • Nitrogen
  • Oxygen
  • Argon
  • Carbon Dioxide
  • Other gases in small amounts
• Characteristic: Gases are held by gravity.

Conclusion

The four spheres of Earth—geosphere, hydrosphere, biosphere, and atmosphere—are fundamental in understanding the planet's structure and systems.

Additional Information

• Source: Moomoomath and Science video
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