Personality Disorders Lecture

Introduction

Previous discussion on extreme and inflexible personality traits leading to distress and disability.
Focus on individual personality disorders in each cluster as per DSM.
Lack of mnemonics for personality disorders due to behavior-driven criteria.
Importance of understanding the process leading to specific patterns in disorders.

Characteristics:
- Persistent fear, mistrust, and suspicion of others.
- Belief that others are deceiving or exploiting them.
- Doubt in loyalty of family/friends, suspicion of infidelity.
- Avoidance of confiding in others, interpreting statements as hostile.
- Holding grudges and sensitivity to character attacks.
- Social isolation due to low agreeableness (OCEAN model).
Differentiation from Schizophrenia:
- Constant stream of new paranoid ideas vs. fixed delusional belief in schizophrenia.

Characteristics:
- Lack of interest in social relationships.
- Preference for solitary activities, experiencing pleasure.
- Lack of close confidants, indifference to praise/criticism.
- Emotional coldness and estrangement from family/friends.
- Key Pattern: Schizoid avoids.
- Maps to low extroversion (OCEAN model).
Differentiation from Schizophrenia:
- Conscious avoidance of socializing vs. lack of motivation in schizophrenia.

Characteristics:
- Odd beliefs and difficulty relating to others.
- Magical or supernatural thinking, ideas of reference, and mild delusions.
- Unusual perceptual experiences, unconventional behavior, and emotional expression.
- Often avoids others out of fear of judgment.
- No specific OCEAN trait mapping.
Relation to Schizophrenia:
- Genetic links to schizophrenia.
- Potential progression to schizophrenia (1/3 of patients).
- Considered as low-grade schizophrenia.