[Music] hello guys uh welcome back to a new session uh in this video we'll be talking about the uh first section of chapter 10 uh which is about the uh other organic hydrocarbons the functional group is uh we will be talking about them the chapter 10 includ this four section guys in the first section we'll be talking about functional group and classes of organic compounds the second we will be talking about more classes of organic compounds the third section organic reactions we will be talking about four types of reaction and the last section we'll be talking about the polymers let us start with the functional uh groups and then uh talk what are the functional group and then provide some of the example examples of the functional groupers as well okay guys the functional group guys are atoms uh or groups of atom atoms or groups of atom uh that they are responsible for having properties on the organic compounds are the atoms or groups of atom uh which are responsible for the specific property of organic compounds functional groups are side of reaction and given functional group uh of the structure when they have the same functional group they undergo through the same type of the reaction all compounds that they have the same functional group are uh the same or they have a similar properties in term of physical and chemical properties the general formula of classes of organic compound consist of the uh r o guys uh or R uh functional group this is functional uh groups uh an example for this the o with the r for example r o the r represents what the hydrocarbon hydrocarbon chain and then the O the functional group the functional group so any compound that contains o will be talken uh or any other functional group it's specified uh for that specific type of compound here in this case are the alcohols uh let us talk about the alcohol guys uh what are the alcohol and their functional group and their naming structure with their properties as well guys the alcohols are uh those compounds which they have a functional group of of uh they have a group we call as the hydroxy group we studied the hydroxy group uh in the first semester and then uh we said the hydroxy group exists in a compound it can be an acidic or anuic and the hydroxy group is O uh the general formula for the aloh alcohol is r as I told you R represents the chain of the hydrocarbon and the O represent the functional group which specific fi for the alcohol how to name the alcohols guys uh as the other we have to choose the longest continuous chain but which longest continuous chain the longest continuous chain that contains all of the uh uh Hydrox groups and then the name of the parent instead of a n y and e takes the all uh instead of saying Bane we will say Bano ethane ethano me then methanol and so on if we have two alkal groups or two hydroxy groups sorry for the two uh we call uh Dio and then three Trio and then four tetrio we can say also for tetrio can be used uh then uh as we name the parent we can uh number number the uh carbons in the par according uh to the hydroxy group to get the lowest possible number and then insert the position of the alkal and hydroxide group and then punctuate the name let us name uh the structure and then we'll be naming more more uh examples we'll be solving uh to know how to name the alcoholes guys this is CH let me cond cond it ch3 ch2 ch2 o this is the condensed uh structure for that uh structural formula as you can see uh on uh from this side we have got Hydro hydroxy group and then from that side there is no hydroxy group so you have to number from this side one 2 three the hydroxy group must get the lowest possible number it's incorrect 1 2 3 this is the incorrect numbering okay and then uh if there will not be uh other branches just position of the hydroxy group and the name the parent the position of the O is one one and the name of the parent is what is propane but here it takes o l it becomes a propanol uh this all refers to the alcohol and the one location of the functional group the propane the parent hydrocarbon all the suffix represent the alcohols guys more examples let us solve more questions guys uh here we have got uh another structure the structure uh one 2 3 four carbons uh from this side the second has hydroxy group from that side the Third so the numbering must start from the right toward the left uh we do not have branches so just mentioned the uh number of the carbon which has hydroxy group second has hydroxy group so two and then the parent is Bano two Bano uh let us have more examples if there will be uh uh Al groups like the uh eth methyl and groups guys from this side the second is O from that side the second is a group uh group of alkal groups the branches they do not have priority here in this case the alkal uh the hydroxy group has more priority so the numbering goes from uh the left toward the right on the third one we have got two branches so 3 three dimethy and on the second we have got the O hydroxy group uh this is the position of the hydroxy group and then the parent is Bano that's how we name uh uh Branch it chain uh of alcohol uh is alcohol only for the straight uh for the branches or can be for cyclic it can be for cyclic as well here guys uh we have got uh 1 2 3 4 5 it's cyclopentane in term of the Cy but du of attaching to O it becomes a [Music] cyclopentanol cyclopentanol here we have got 1 2 3 4 5 one methal so you have to mention one meth one cyclopentanol that's the when we have uh more branches let me provide uh more uh structures about the cyclo One 2 suppose we have got 1 2 3 4 5 6 and then o h and ch3 and then ch2 ch3 guys uh the as the cyc alcane the priority goes uh here first it here goes for the hydroxy group and then uh this one is ath that one is methal so the rotation should be uh the priority is alphabetical 1 2 3 4 5 6 the name is what uh is uh 2 e six meth one cycl hexanol cyclohexanol more names guys here we have got more structures as you can see this is the parent and from this side the second is O and the second we have an alkal group the third as well alkal group so it's what two three dthy two three dthy two Bano two [Music] banol what if the name is given and asks for the structure how to uh convert the name to structure hexano is uh six carbon so it's written here and then on the second one 1 2 3 4 5 6 on the second one there should be an O that's the name of the two hexano let us draw more structures from the names guys uh here we have got three meth to pentanol three methy to pentanol pentanol is five carbon 1 2 3 4 5 and then on the second there should be o on the third there should be ch3 that's the final form of the structure the properties and uses of alcohols guys properties and uses of alcohol the alcohol in term of uh bowling points they have a higher bowling Point than the corresponding alkanes guys uh we will talk why they have a higher a greater uh bing points than alkanes because in alcohol du to of hi hydroxy group The hydroxy group they will form hydrogen bond with water and then dissolve in water the hydrogen bond needs more heat to be provided in order to break down and then boil the molecule as you can see here we have got propane and ethanol the propane has got Theus 42 as the Bing point but the ethanol has 78 so the alcohols they have a higher Bing Point than the alkanes because of having or or forming the hydrogen bond by the [Music] alcohols what happened to the Bing Point increase the Bing Point as the hydroxy group is increase guys as the hydroxy group increase have a look on this structures guys uh the number of the hydroxy group increase that increase the uh bing Point O It's one propano 2 o one two propane Dio 3 o 1 2 3 propane Trio as you can see the 1 o is 97 Bing point celsus the 2 O 188 almost twice the 3 o 258 or 260 celsus uh it's much more than the other why guys it's also referred to the hydrogen bonding as the number of the hydroxy group increase that increase is the hydrogen bonding more hydrogen bonding needs more heat to break down and then to boil the structure guys so we can say the number of O increase the boiling point of the molecule or the alcohol increase but what will happen to the boiling point as the uh or the solubility as the molecular size increases guys the alcohol are soluble in water because of the hydrogen bond guys as I told you oh hydroxy group they can form hydrogen bond with water uh the alcohol uh is the uh the ethanol if you refer back to the solution which is removed for the uh grade 12 it I mean uh moves to the uh 11 graders uh curriculum uh the solution uh in solution we Rec call the best soul vent polar solvent is water the best nonpolar solvent is C4 the best nonpolar and polar solvent is ethanol which is the alcohol the alcohol has two ends guys for example C2 H5 uh the it has a non uh nonpolar ending which is C oh h h h here as you can see the uh hydrocarbon is nonpolar ending of the alcohol nonpar ending of alcohol but the O the hydroxy group is the polar ending this pole or this end of the alcohol has tendency to form the hydrogen bond guys as the polarity increase as the number of the O increase it becomes more soluble in water but as the hydrocarbon increase the size of the molecule increase it Bec becomes less soluble in water so the solubility of alcohol reduce as the molecular size increase the solubility of alcohol decrease in water when the size of the molecule increase why uh because as the size of the molecule increase we mean the nonpolarity have a look here we have got ch3 one carbon ch2 ch3 ch2 ch2 ch the in this case uh the hydroxy group stay as one but the only change is what the nonpolar region increase so guys we can say uh towards from the methanol ethano toward the propano the nonpolar region and insolubility increase but toward from the propano toward the methanol which has a lower uh molecular size the polarity and solubility in water increase why because as we approach toward methanol the nonpolar end becomes lower and then the nonpolarity becomes lower it becomes more polar and then the B solubility increase and we can say the solubility of alcohol is inversely with the size of the molecule or nonpolarity uh the methanol uh completely soluble why because it has got the nonpolar end lower than the other types of the alcohol as the number of the hydroxy group increase what will happen to the solubility for of course the uh increase the number of the hydroxy group increase the solubility increase why because as the number of the hydroxy group increase that increases the polarity and then uh in uh as the number of the solubility uh uh of alcohol increased by the number of the hydroxy group because of increasing polarity guys this we said the solubility uh when we have the solvent water which is polar but if we have a nonpolar solvent the solubility of alcohol works just the opposite vice versa as it was in water because uh if the molecular size increase for non po solvent it becomes more nonpolar and becomes more soluble in nonpolar solvent as the O increase uh it becomes more polar and it becomes less soluble in nonpolar solvents let us talk about the uses of alcohol guys the alcohol because of having tendency to form a hydrogen bond with water it can be us it for the production of the cold creams uh lipstick body uh lotion and similar products uh generally we include one two three propane Trio commonly called as glycero this is the glycero guys which is used for the body lotion the creams and the lipstick as well so glycero is what one two 3 1 two 3 propane trial it goes to the having three hydroxy group uh multiple hydroxy groupers allow glycero to form many hydrogen bond with water molecule and then dissolve in water when we use for our body alcohols are used as alternative fuels instead of gasoline uh to uh as Octan enhancers as well in fuel for the automobiles guys especially for those countries uh they work on the uh har clean environment they use ethano more than the other type more than the gasoline the gasoline has more emission than the ethanol and especially in Brazil and the United States they use uh the the uh ethano instead of the gazoline ethano is combined with gasoline in a uh percentage of 1 to9 1 to n that means uh one lit of ethanol 9 L of uh uh we can say uh gasoline and we call this uh solution or this structure as what as gazole the gazole has many advantages and disadvantages uh in term of the advantages it's ecofriendly and clean is cleanly uh uh Burns and efficient in term of the combust emission of the CO2 to the environment save valuable petroleum reservice it saves the uh crude oil the petroleum uh it reduces dependence on the petroleum as well reduces the dependence of the world on petroleum but the disadvantage the first one is that when we combust the ethanol compared to the same amount of gasoline it uh produces less energy guys the combustion of ethanol produces only 60% as much as energy than the same amount of the gasoline does ethanol also encourages water absorption in the fuel because it uh dissolves in water it can connect with water and then uh the absorb water and then reduce the efficiency in that part efficiency of the fuel uh let us talk about more uh alcohols property uh the other property of the alcohol is what all simple alcohol are poisonous uh the alcohols methanol ethanol propanol the simples the small alcohols are what are poisonous guys when ethanol is consumed it's broken down by the enzyme alcohol the hydrogenase we call as a dehydrogenase the ethanol can be broken down uh by the an enzyme to the acetic acid we call uh the uh the de hydrogenous enzyme this enzyme rapidly converts ethano to an oxidized form we call as acet alide in the alide we'll be talking about the alides and Kon in the coming sessions uh acid alide which is uh then converted to acetic acid uh this is the procedure is shown we have got ethano by using the alcohol dehydrogenase which is the enzyme it converted to the uh acid alide the Alid is they have a functional group of C uh double bond to the O uh and then hydrogen with the r which we will be talking about their uh structure and then alide we have the alide dehydrogenase which is another enzyme convert the acid Al alide into acetic acid with this functional group of c and then R so the ethanol can be converted to acid alide by using the alcohol dehydrogenase and then the AET alide to acetic acid by using alide dehydrogenase which is another enzyme guys uh then let us talk about the some of the other proper is of simple alcohols methanol We call we call us the wood alcohol this the another the secondary name are attached by alcohol dehydrogen enzyme more slowly and making methanol 10 times more toxic than ethanol then as we said uh the simple alcohols are poisonous so methanol compared to the ethanol is 10 times more toxic than the ethanol methano is converted to form alide and formic acid both of which are toxic the methano can be converted by uh alcohol dehydrogenase enzymes to form alide which is another alide and then to the formic acid uh which is an acid toxic effectors of methano include damage to the optic nerve coma and death these are the uh the the results of uh dealing with the methanol which is toxic it effects on the optic nerve in the eyes and then the coma and then uh cause finally death uh to our body these are some of the ingredients that we use and contains the alcohol in our daily life that was all about the alcohols let us talk about the another functional group another group of the uh hydrocarbons which they have we call as the uh alkal halides and then uh we'll be talking about the naming structure and then the Propet as well alkal halides are organic compound in which one or more hogen uh atoms Florine chlorine bromine or iodine are substituted for one or more of the hydrogen in the hydrocarbon chain so we when we attach the halogens to the uh chain of the hydrocarbons inste replace the hydrogen that becomes the alkal halide the general form form is rx the r refers to the hydrocarbon and the X refers to the chlorine bromine Florine and iodine which is which are the functional groups how to name them select the longest continuous chain that contains the hogen uh and then name of the hogen uh the Florine becomes floro chlorine chloro bromine bromo and iodine iodo and then as we uh have chosen or selected the uh longest chain that contains the uh uh the alkal halides if more more than one hogen represent right in alphabetical order we have to write in alphabetical order bromo then chloro then fro then iodo in alphabetical order if more than one hogen appears use the D TR and Tetra for the if there will be two chor Doro uh three Flor Tri floro and so on for the prefix as a prefix for the name of the alkal halides number the carbon atom so that the sum of the hogen number is all as low as possible we number the carbon the uh the parent as the uh when we add the all of the numbers of the halogens we get the low possible number if there are different hogen atom in equivalent position give the lower number to the that that comes first in the alphabetical order this is the same same as uh we have done uh previously in the geometric Isom insert the position of the alkal and hogen and then punctuate the name let us name uh one of the structures or solve some of the examples guys uh how to solve for the alkal alides as you can see from this end this is the uh straight chain hydrocarbon from this end the third is alkal halide alkal group or alkal halide sorry and from that end we have the F so the numbering goes from left to right 1 2 3 4 on the first one and the second one we have two bromo so one two di bromo one two Di bromo and the name of the parent is the name as the alkanes one two di bromo this is for Bane the one two refers to location of the functional group and then the D number of the functional group The Promo types of the functional group The Bane is the types of the alkan which is the parent let us name more uh structures uh guys let us name more structures here ah for this structure we have got uh the uh 1 2 3 on the second one what do we we have uh we have got a a bromo so bro two bromo propane B uh this is the longest chain 1 2 3 uh we have got three floro so 1 2 3 trioral ban is the name of that [Music] structure draw the condensed uh structure for each of the following alkal halight this uh how to draw uh the same as the uh other the name is given uh draw the structure start from the propane three so 1 2 3 okay on the second one we have a iodo 1 2 3 on the second attach the iodine or iodo uh Bane there should be four carbons four carbon here we have got four carbon or on the one there should be uh three bromo one 2 three bromo and the second one other bromo so 1112 uh Tetra bromo Bane has this structure uh more example let us solve more example guys this here we have got three different uh groups if we have got three different group we have to uh start from the uh alphabetical order in this case guys the from here the first is bromo from there the second is chloro so the promo follow it I mean is alphabetic order is first 1 2 3 4 uh the name goes one promo three chloro because chloro in alphabetical order is before floro and then two floro Bane one bromo three chloro two floro that's the name of the above structure properties and uses of alkalide let us talk about the properties and uses of the alkal halides guys first uh we have got uh uh Freon 11 and Freon uh 12 uh this are the c cl3 f c l ccl2 uh F2 these are the freon 11 and Freon uh uh 12 3on 11 is what tricoro florom methane and uh here we have got Doro Doro methane these are the iopac name CFCs are alkal halide that contain both chlorine and Florine as we mentioned their structure and their IAC name 3on 11 and 12 are orderless in term of order they are orderless nontoxic nonflammable and very stable these two alkalide are ESS non-toxic nonflammable uh and very stable alkalides they also easily change physical status they can change easily from solid to liquid liquid to gas and then so on above uh properties guys [Music] the uh make them useful in the manufacturer of plastic form and liquid refrigerants in commercial refrigerators uh the 3on 11 and 3 on 12 they because they are ESS nonflammable uh and stable they use it for the plastic form produ of the plastic form and then as the refrigerants in the refrigerator CFCs contribute to the destrction of ozone in upper atmosphere so they are dangerous for the atmosphere for the ozone lar they they they contribute to the distraction of ozone liar in the atmosphere CFC come broke down and release free cloring atom into atmosphere that distract the ozone lar we have got uh C2 F2 uh under the solar radiation okay the solar radiation it changes to cf2 and cl so releasing the chlorine release chlorine attacks the ozone O3 so the chlorine reacts with the O3 which is ozone layer uh to form clo and oxygen in the product so it distract the ozone layer it decompos the ozone layer and the chlorine atoms are then regenerate we can regenerate the chlorine atom by the reaction of clo with the uh oxygen to form chlorine and oxygen gas guys so the CFC 3 on 11 and 12 they are both dangerous for the destruction of the ozone ler this make it possible for a single chlorine atom to destroy thousands of ozone molecule because uh the reaction is recycle it I mean it's like a form of cycle it can be regenerated the chlorine form it and then chlorine again reacts to the other molecules of ozone and then uh distract the ozone line ozone ho is caused by CFCs the free on 11 and 3 and 12 they are dangerous for the ozone lar uh so uh the ozone hole in the atmosphere caused by CFS the dep of ozone in upper atmosphere produces an area of very low concentration uh Co and ozone hole over Antarctica uh the ozone is responsible for uh filtering the radiations uh from the solar radiations especially those traes which are dangerous uh to our uh skin uh if there there will be uh distra in Ozone these are dangerous so it should be we have to reduce the dependence on the 3 on 11 and 3 on 12 in order to uh reduce the distraction of ozone Lion Properties of ozone molecules absorb ultraviolet radiation from sunlight so the ultraviolet radiations as I told you the radiations from sunlight uh can be dangerous for our uh body for the skin uh they are responsible for absorbing those ultraviolet radiations pre prevent most of that radiation from reaching to the Earth they prevent uh the radiation or solar radiation to prevent ultraviolet radiation uh to reach to Earth the ultra radiation are known to cause skin cancer in humans when we uh the the ultraviolet radiations hits the uh body skin uh causes the skin cancer ultraviolet Cur some forms of microscopic life damage plant tissue causes other harmful fat in plant and animal they're not only uh harmful for the human being they are harmful for the animal and the plants as well another example for the alkalite islon which most commonly used in the p in order they have a nonsticky properties guys they have a nonsticky property so uh here uh we have got Tetra floro athine which is C4 uh C2 F4 uh Tetra floro 1 2 3 4 are what are Tetra floro and the structure is what is ath because we have got double bonds fluo Ethan is joined in long chain to make the material within the trait name of tifon tlon use it for the PS and the PTs in order to they have a nonsticky [Music] property tlon or Tetra floro Athan polymer contain unreactive carbon Florine Bond inactive unstable about 325 celsus they are uh they are inactive or unreactive to a high temperature almost about 325 C it has a low coefficient friction which means other adjacent slide smoothly over it surface when we fry for example here we fry the eggs on the tiffon pan uh the eggs does not stick to the tifon pan because uh it has the nonsticky property use it in heat resistance machine parts that cannot be lubricated that cannot be lubricated use it in making utensils the nonsticky utensils utensils are those equipments we use in the kitchen uh the nonsticky surface such as frying pan this frying pan has a property which is uh is nonsticky nonsticky coating on this p is made of a tifone alkal halide uh this is the another application of the alkal halides let us talk about The Ether another uh groups of uh organic compounds The Ether uh they have uh a structure or organic compounds in which uh two alkal hydrocarbons are bonded to the same atom of oxygen the structure is O to two alkal group groupers o to r r uh this here we have got the general structure oxygen attached to two alkal groups R may be the same hydrocarbon alkal uh group as the r or different H these are uh with the other R can be the same both methyl methyl or one of them meth the other eth one B one propy can be different with each other naming the ethers guys how to name the ether the naming of ether uh let us talk about how to name the ether name the parent hydrocarbon the word ether will come at the end of the name the parent takes the name of The Ether in order to know this structure is ether identify the name of the alkal group joined the oxygen atom we have to name first the alal groups and then the name of the prefix if there are two different Al group arrange the name in alphabetical order in front of the word ether as well if there will be methyl eth Ethel comes first and then methyl uh and then if there will betil B eth meth prop are the alphabetic order if there will be uh more than uh one alkal group we call we use the D for the two try uh for the three but we do not have try because it's only attached to two groups is attached in front of the alkal group The D they should be uh spaced between names of the alkal group and between the alkal group and more eth there should be a name from a space between them let us name this compound it will be appear how to name the compound first of all here we have got oxygen and this is an alkal group to the other alkal group when the structure is like that oxygen to two alkal group uh that means they are what they are The Ether the structure is ether this alkal group is what is eth and the other one is eth we have two ethil so we have to name them d d refers to what number of the AL group joined to the oxygen AAL is the name of the AL group and then in in in between the name of the AL group with the name of The Ether there should be a space here we have got a space in between them and then name of the functional group which is ether let us name more uh structures uh more uh forms of the uh ether guys here we have got oxygen with the meth and E so you have to say a methal e meth metho ether ether is not only for the uh chains can be for the cyc uh here we have got 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 uh they are cyclopentane so uh but there are two cyclopentane dyo uh pentil uh ether because they become the alkal groups you have to name according to the alkal group and they becomes a diyc pen ether refers to the name of the uh structure in this case we have got uh pentil okay pentil and methyl methyl is before the pen so meth penl ether methyl pentil ether draw the condensed structure of the following uh let us solve uh to draw the condensed structure first one is what is eth propy ether so oxygen one of the end is ch2 uh a ch3 and then the other one is ch2 ch2 ch3 f you meth e that will be the correct form of the name dyc hexil E3 hexu that means six so two Cy hexu uh or uh the you have to attach to one oxygen it becomes a what a dyc hexu ether B methyl ether so B methyl ether the naming structure of ether is uh easy and we can uh recognize based on the oxygen attached to two alkal groups guys let us talk about the properties of The Ether the solubilities of ethers and alcohol in water are similar in term of solubility ether they have uh the solubility similar solubility propi with the alcohols solubility of Dum ether and one banol are approximately same because ether like alcohol can form hydrogen bond with water they The Ether has tendency to form the hydrogen bond with water as you can see it's what D ether and then here we have got 1 2 3 4 one banol they have got a solubility this ether 6 G per 100 G of water but what Bano 7.4 G per 100 G they're almost similar in solubility with each other guys in term of boiling point let us talk about the boiling point boiling points of ether are much lower than those of alcohol this is very important when we compare The Ether with the alcohol they have a lower bowling point because of what for the similar mass but they are about the same as those of the alkanes of similar moral masses ethers they have almost similar uh bing points uh with the alkanes but compared to the alcohol they have much lower Bing points because in the alcohol there will be more hydrogen bonding Than The Ether and then that will let the boiling point of The Ether becomes much less than the alcohol because unlike alcohol ether cannot form hydrogen bond with each other uh because they do not have hydrogen atom bonded to highly electr negative atom as you can see oxygen attached to two alkal group the AL group is are the nonpolar ending uh it has uh the in the structure therefore no extra energy is needed to break hydrogen bonds for ether to boil because uh in ether uh there um we we need lower uh energy to boil it boils uh in a lower temperature than the uh alcohols in alcohol there will be uh more hydrogen bonding uh in the structure so the bowling Point increase D ether with one Bano and pentane have a look if we compare The Ether with the alkane they have almost similar bowling point but compared to the alcohol alcohol is much than the other two which are The Ether and the [Music] alkanes uh another properties guys uh it has similar properties like the alkanes like The alkane Ether are not very reactive compound they are not reactive like the alkan because uh the alkanes also they have bonded uh single bonds uh most common use a solvent uh the application of ether can be used as solvent in many organic reaction in which water cannot be used as solvent instead ether is us so The Ether use it for some of those reactions for some of those systems that water cannot be using methew tertiary B ether mtbe mtbe is the most wide we us it ether mtbe uh is the most uh commonly used uh ether ether has another property which is almost resemble to the ethanol which is it's used as the Octan enhancer if you remember we talked about the alcohol the alcohol it was used ethanol it was used for Octan enhancers uh this is a Tetra lead uh which is C2 H5 by4 PB uh was widely used for Octan enhancer in the past uh which is uh Tetra Le but because of containing lead it's poisonous but releasing of PB into environment uh have increased it uh and this is Tanger as the lead so uh Tetra Le replace it by mtbe which is meth tertiary bth ether uh mtbe and this is the structure guys of uh Tetra eal lead the structure of the Tetra eal lead as you can see the lead uh connected to uh four AOS we call as a Tetra lead that's the arrangement of the Tetra AAL lead we have got a critical thinking said arrange compound from highest bowling point to lowest from highest to lowest the first one is ether and then one two ethane Dio two uh hydroxy group two o and then propane which is ALK and ethanol 1 oh guys the boiling point of the alcohol first and then uh the alcohols with the uh with the two o comes first followed by the uh 1 oh so uh the correct order from uh uh the uh highest Bing point to the lowest is this first B comes why because of having two o and then another alcohol with 1 o and then ether comes and then uh alkan which is the least has the least or the lowest bowling point so when we compare the alcohol ether and alkan the alcohol in term of volume Point has the highest volum point and the Then followed by Ether and Then followed by Alcan that's the end of the session thank you for the attention guys