all right so as part of today's session we're going to start Java programming so in the today's session we will see uh what is Java and some Basics like uh what is objectoriented programming and uh then we will see how we can install eclipse and Java and we will set up the environment and then we will start okay so that is the agenda for today's session so the first thing uh what is uh Java and if you have any queries use chart box at the end of the session I can unmute and I can ask all the questions okay so first let us start with what is uh Java so Java is basically called as objectoriented programming language object oriented programming language so this is the definition so what is Java Java is a objectoriented programming language so what is objectoriented programming language normally there are three kinds of programming languages which we have in the market one is object structure oriented programming languages object based programming languages object oriented programming languages these are the three categories of languages which we have in market so let me just put here there are three kinds of programming languages structured of object based object oriented so structur programming languages example C and python so these languages support structure oriented programming and VB VB script python will support object based uh object based programming languages like python will also support everything like structured object based objectoriented everything and when you come to objectoriented C++ Java C and python so these are the examples of object Orient oriented programming language but on what basis we will divide like this structure object based object oriented so for example when I say A programming a language is objectoriented programming language on what basis we can say a language is object oriented on what basis we can say a programming language is object based and structure based so if any programming language if any programming language support object oriented programming Concepts there are certain number of concepts are there and if any programming language will support those Concepts we call them as a objectoriented programming language for example uh let us say I have six different concepts we call them as a objectoriented programming Concepts in shortcut we can call them as a poops objectoriented programming system Concepts class object polymorphism inheritance abstraction and encaps so these six concepts are called objectoriented programming Concepts right so if any programming language supports all these features all six features class object polymorphism inheritance abstraction and capsul everything then we can call them as object oriented programming languages so those languages will support all this objectoriented programming Concepts and they call them as a objectoriented programming languages so Java will support all these Concepts so that we can call it is a objectoriented programming language then what is object based so in object based programming languages which will support only class and object it will support only class and object rest of the features are not supported so rest of the features are not supported so those type of programming languages are called OB object based programming languages so VB VB script these are all object based programming languages python also will support class and object python will come in every category like we can do structure programming object based programming object oriented programming everything we can do using python okay now what is structured programming language so structured programming languages doesn't support any of these Concepts you can still write a programs but they don't support all these Concepts class object polymorphism inheritance abstraction and encapsulation so these concepts are not supported in structured programming languages and ex uh except this Python language python comes under every category but other than this python rest of the languages if I look at C language this is purely structure oriented programming language similarly if you look at VB and VB skip these are purely object based oriented program programming languages object based programming languages so that it will support only class and object and object oriented mean it will support all six Concepts like C++ Java C and these are all purely objectoriented programming languages and python is also objectoriented programming language so python is allrounder which comes under every categories we can do structure programming without using class and object also we can write a programming by using class and object we can do but we can also use other Concepts other objectoriented programming Concepts in Python so this is a basic categorization okay so what is objectoriented programming what is the definition is as per definition Java is a objectoriented programming language why it is objectoriented programming language because which will support all objectoriented programming Concepts which will support all types of programming all types of object oriented programming Concepts so that is the reason we call it as a purely objectoriented purely objectoriented means what again so without class we can't write a single line of code in Java without class we cannot write a single line of code in Java so which is purely object oriented programming language but when you see when you look at C++ or python or cop they are not purely they are object oriented but with without using class without creating class also we can write a program so Java is purely objectoriented programming language because without creating the class we cannot write a single line of the code in Java so that we can call it as a object oriented programming language okay so now you have understood what is objectoriented programming language if any language supports these six objectoriented programming features those type of languages called as objectoriented programming languages so later we will try to understand all these features and we are going to learn all these feature from Java programming okay so these are all objectoriented programming Concepts class object polymorphism inheritance abstraction and then encapsulation so Java will support all these features so that we can call it as a purely objectoriented programming language now what are the different features are there for Java what are the different features of java what it will support what it will not support there are mainly two features we can discuss one is platform independent this is one of the most important feature from java platform independent so what is platform independent means platform independent means we can install Java on any type of operating system it will support Windows it will support Mac it will support Unix it will support Linux almost every operating system it will support that's the one thing second thing is if you write your Java program on Windows the same Java program we can execute on other operating systems so you don't need to change the code from one operating system to another operating system you don't need to change anything the same piece of code whatever you have return the same program you can easily execute on different platforms without doing any change so that particular feature is called platform independent platform independent means what we can execute the same Java program if you write somewhere and if you write a program in one environment same program you can execute in different type of anys so that is called platform independent feature these are one of the most popular popular and important feature from java a second feature is Java is case sensitive language K sensitive language this is another feature of java so K sensitive means what it will differentiate lower and uppercase characters it will consider lower and uppercase characters differently which is basically called as case sensitive language suppose if you write something suppose I create some variable called x equal to 10 and uh this is one character suppose if we create one more x equal to 10 so here the x is small case and here x is uppercase both will be treated differently that is called Cas sensitive language and if you look at some other languages like python or other languages they're not K sensitive languages especially when you look at VB or VB script they are not K sensitive language means what you can write uh code either in uppercase characters or either in small case characters will be treated different will be treated same but in Java it's not like that so the Java programming is Cas sensitive Java language is case sensitive so lower case and uppercase characters will be treated differently so that you need to remember so these are the main two important features platform independent and uh Java is a k sensitive language okay now in Java normally we heard three different type of terms jdk JRE and jvm so these are three important components which we have to understand from jav components and interal perspective these are most important so please remember this three components and somewhere in the Internet you may see these particular terms one is jdk second one is JRE and the third is jvn so these are three different inner components of java jdk Java development kit the full form is Java development H JRE means Java runtime Java runtime environment and third jvm means Java virtual Java virtual machine so these are the three different components which we have in Java jdk JRE and jvm so let us try to understand this for interior prospective this is most important what is jdk JRE and jvm jdk means is a Java development kit this is full-fledged Java software suppose if you want to download Java software from internet you have to download jdk so you don't see Java download anywhere else you can see jdk so jdk is representing full-fledged the complete Java software which we have to download and install jdk means what Java development kit so if you want to write your Java programs or if you want to execute it or if you want to develop any Java based applications we have to download and install jdk Java development kit the full software is required so so whenever you want to develop any Java based applications you have to download and install jdk that's the first component this full software now second is JRE Java runtime environment so sometimes Suppose there is some application which is already developed using Java itself which is already developed now I want to download that application I want to install that application in your local system right I want to download and install install Java based application which is already developed by somebody else so to install that application to run that application you need to provide certain environment that is called JRE so for example uh somebody is developed a Java application which is already there internet you have downloaded some executable file or something and before installing that software you have to install JRE you have to provide Java runtime environment and once you have Java runtime environment then you can install that particular software and you can run it and here you are not developing the software you are just installing the software which is already developed by somebody else so to run that particular Java software the software which is developed by using Java if you want to run that in your local system you need to install only JRE Java run runtime environment you don't need to install complete jdk software just you need to have only JRE component you can install only JRE that will provide you the environment on which you can install and run your Java based applications and if you install jdk by default you will get JRE you know need to install JRE separately means JRE is a subset of jdk for example let us look this is your jdk software and which contains the JRE itself so if we install jdk Java development kit by default you will get JRE along with the jdk and if you want to develop any software any Java based application anyway you have to install jdk along with you will by default get J it is a sub component of jdk suppose I don't want to develop any applications I just want to run my Java application somebody's developed and I have just want to install it and I want to run that application then you can install only JRE separately okay you can install only J part separately this is a sub component in jdk so these are the two components one is for developing a Java based applications another is for running a Java based applications and if you want to develop the Java applications you have to install jdk and if you just want to run the Java based application you don't want to develop anything then you can just install only JRE runtime environment now jvm so jvm is a Java virtual machine Java virtual virtual means what invisible virtual means invisible Java virtual machine this is a main component of java this is a part of JRE jvm it is not a separate or a piece of software which we can install so by default the jvn comes along with the J itself but means if you install jdk you will automatically get JRE and jvm if you install JRE you will get JRE and jvm but jvm you cannot install separately jvm is not a physical software which we can download and install it is a part of entire Java so Java virtual machine so what is the main purpose of this component suppose when you write your Java program normally we use English language English statements like a class or in like that so we will write some Java code like this by using English statements but machine cannot understand this so machines cannot understand this English language so this should be converted into some other language which can the which the machine can understand which we can call it as a bite code okay this this is simple in English language we will write your Java program but machines cannot understand this so somebody should convert this program into bite code so the bite code in the sense what this code can understandable by any machines it can be any type of operating systems so this bite code will be actually executing internally by Java but who is converting this somebody should convert this English to bite code and this bite code will be ex uted internally and this is platform independent so who is doing this jbm is doing it so jvm is responsible for many things jvm is responsible for compiling our code compiling means what it will check is there any syntactical errors are there in the program also so if you write some mistakes or if you do some mistakes in your right program it will easily identify and notify you that's the first thing and once you write your program once you executed the code converted into bite code the code will be converted into bite code format and that is also done by the jvm after converting this bite code the bite code will be executed and finally provide the result that is also done by the jvm so the whole responsibility of java will be taken care by jvm we can say this is a heart of java so without having jvm there is no Java so jdk means what Java de velopment kit this is a full-fledged Java software JRE means Java runtime environment which will provide the environment where we can run our Java based application which is already developed jvm is Java virtual machine this is a part of JRE which is responsible for converting our program or code into bite code format that the machines can understand and it is also responsible for compiling our code compilation means what it will check check whether our code is having some mistakes or not syntactical errors it will verify and execute our program and finally provide the result so these things will be done by the jvm itself so these are the three main components which we have to remember from java so jdk JRE and then jvm jdk means Java development kit Java runtime environment Java virtual machine virtual machine means it is a invisible virtual means invisible it is not a physical software which is already part of JRE and jtk now which one we have to download now we want to develop some application we want to write our Java code we want to execute our program so which one we have to which one we need jdk so we have to download and install jdk which will come along with JRE as well as jvm guys you are understood now what is jdk JRE and jbm everyone please confirm in the chat box so what is the difference between jdk JRE and jvm most important most popular in question what is jdk what is JRE what is jvm what are the difference between jdk JRE and jvm okay now so which one we have to download now jdk we have to download jdk means Java development okay now let us start downloading and setup envirment so before uh setting up the environment so what are the things we need so mainly uh Java is having two we can divide entire Java into two different parts this is our just logical division uh one is we can say foure Java the entire Java Concepts we can divide into two parts foure Java Concepts and the second is Advanced Java Concepts for Java Advanced Java Concepts overall the entire thing is Java only but some Concepts we comes under core Java we divide them into core Java concept they are Basics from java and some of the concepts are Advanced so for example if you look at core Java under code Java uh we are going to learn the language fundamentals language fundamental means what like operators data types conditional statement variables okay looping statements concept how to work with the strings and all objectoriented programming Concepts right so these are all comes under core Java Concepts now when you go to Advanced Java so there are some more advanced concepts like collections data structures jdbc swing okay these are all Concepts which are required for development purpose but as for the testing perspective we don't need Advanced Java Concepts we can still manage with the core Java Concepts if you know the basic objectoriented program programming Concepts they are more than enough in automation okay so we are going to learn code Java Concepts all the concepts in core Java we are going to learn so before that we have to set up the environment so to set up environment to write your Java program to run your Java program so what are the things we need first thing we have to download jdk that means what is jdk whenever I say jdk you have to remember that is your Java software environment setup so there are two softwares we required one is jdk which is basically Java software we required to install second is uh id id means integrated development environment means there is a software which we need to write you and run your Java program for example I'm writing some notes here so to write some notes I'm using some notepad right and similarly if you want to write your Java program or if you want to execute your Java program if you want to see the result from the Java program you need a kind of editor a tool or a software that is called as IDE integrated development environment so eclipse is a very popular environment especially for Java so many people will use eclipse and there are other softwares also there in the market for example inj ID okay and uh there are so many soft these are two popular stuff and there are many more IDs you can use any of the IDS even vs code editor also you can use for Java but these are the two popular editors which are there in the market and eclipse is more popular for Java developers and Java programming so we have to first install Java or jdk and the second is we have to install one ID it can be eclipse or it can be intellig ID so so initially we will start with eclipse and once you familiar with Eclipse after a few sessions I will also introduce how to install intelligy ID and how to write a program how to execute and how to use that environment in intelligy ID so we'll also cover these tool in the coming sessions but initially we will start with the eclipse okay how to install eclipse and we will see how to create a project how to run the project how to create a Java program and so on all right so this is these are the two important softwares which we need to start with Java okay so first let us start download and installing jdk but before that we need to know what are the different versions are there in jdk what are the different versions are there in the jdk so if you look at uh versions Java versions from java 8 so Java 1 to8 all these version or comes from some Micro Systems this is a company actually some Micro Systems from java 1 to8 all these versions are comes from Sun Microsystems and that time Java is available as a open- source software there is no license for that after Java 8 from java 9 onwards Oracle companies acquired Java that means Oracle companies acquired Sun Microsystems so now Sun Micro Systems measured into Oracle software Oracle is a company which is basically developed the database related softwares we we will know already Oracle is one of the database which is popular database which is developed by using Oracle company right so Oracle is acquired some micro system is measured into Oracle and then onwards Java software is comes under Oracle company so Oracle is owned Java software so after after Java 9 there are so many versions are released into Market but as per selenium standard the basic version which we need to have is Java 11 so from java 11 onwards whichever the latest version which we have we can still use with uh selenium so I can say jdk 11 plus plus means after jdk 11 from jdk 11 12 13 up to 20th I think currently 20 or 21 version is currently going on in the market so whichever version is available you can use that version any version is compatible with selenium after jdk 11 so jdk uh 8 nine and 10 these support is not there so recently they have announced so the old versions of java support is not there with selenium so the latest announcement from selenium guys is jdk 11 onwards we can use any software so jdk 11 plus any version we can use this is preferable for selenium okay that's the first thing and the second thing is we can install jdk whichever version you want after Java 11 and Eclipse we can always get the latest version whichever the latest version is available we can get and both are open source both are open source okay now first let us start download Java and install it I will show you step by step and you can just look at it and after completion of the session you guys can try this and also I will share the document which contains all the screenshots step byep screenshot whatever I'm doing here okay so I already created one document I will share this later the version can be anything and the process is exactly the same and even if you're working on Mac also the same process there is no change we have to just download the installer and start run the installer I will show you how to download this jdk so first of all you need to go to uh a Google and just type download jdk okay once you click on it it will go to Oracle website Java downloads so this is a web page and here they provided different versions of jdk and currently the latest version is jdk 20 is the latest version you can go with the jdk 11 or whichever version you want 17 is also fine so if I look at jdk 20 here by default it is populated and if you scroll down here you can see three different operating systems Linux Mac OS and windows and if you're working on Windows you can just go to Windows here and you can see three different type of installers and here you have to download uh executable file.exe file you can see X 64bit installer so this is the one you have to download if you're working on Windows executable file you have to download and if you want to if you're if you're working on Mac OS then you can just go to Mac OS and here you can download DMG this is a uh DMG file you have to download this is the installer on Mac OS okay so once you download it uh you will get executable file or you will get a DMG file if you are using Mac so once you get an installer you have to just double click on that installer it will start installing the Java software so I already installed on my system so I have just captured the screenshot I will go through them you can easily understand and the same process you have to continue on your system so this is the link when you click on this here and it will go to this particular page and one more thing before downloading this you have to log to this Oracle website initially you have to sign up to this account okay you need to sign up sign up means you have to uh go to this page first of all okay and Oracle website and it will ask you to create an account you need to sign up first let me show you it is just Oracle not Cloud okay so here this is a link Oracle create our your own account so it just go to this page okay so if you go to this page you have to create you have to provide all your details can just provide some dummy details accept this email address valid email address password so that it will be very useful for in future also in future if you want to download any software from this website you have to login so better to create your own account in this website and once you created your own account then uh you can log to this web page and then you can go to this link directly and you can downlo download it okay so only once you login then only it is allowed to download you can go to jdk 20 or 17 anything is fine okay both are latest versions right so once you downloaded so here I have shown you for Java 11 download but you can try with any other versions no problem so here I have shown you how to download and uh once you download can just click on this button it is downloaded so once you downloaded okay before downloading it will ask username and password right so you have to provide this right so once you get your executable file or DMG file on your Mac OS just we need to run that installer just double click and it will automatically start so it will show you the screen like this preparing to install and after that you will get this screen and then click on the next button and then again it will show you one more window development tools and source code so you don't need to do anything here and just remember remember this path which is most important and this is the default path where exactly Java will be installed and if you want to change this path you can change by clicking on the change button or if you don't want to change just leave it as it is and then click on the next button so once you click on the next button then it will start installation it will take a few seconds of time to complete this process and after that you will see this window and you can simply close this window that's it so this is simple installation just two to three screens you can see click on next next next after clicking on executable F click next next next that's over so installation is done so once installation is done we need to set up Java path so this is orle sign up link okay so once you install Java we need to set the Java path so which is most important once you install jdk then we have to set Java path so this is most important point I'll tell you why we need to set Java path whenever you install any new software on your operating system your operating system will know exactly where that software is got installed that location of the software the operating system should know that so normally what happens is whenever you install any software on your operating systems your operating system will remember the location of those softwares so where it will remember for example uh if you just go here anywhere let's say if you're working on Windows you can just go to uh this PC and go to properties and here you can see something called Advanced system settings okay properties Advanced system settings and here this is a where so this is a uh you can go to environment variables yeah this is the place you can directly search environment variables you will get this window so in this environment variables you can see here system variables so these are all different variables automatically created by your Windows operating system so basically what these variables will refer the different software so whatever softwares you have installed on your local system uh it will automatically capture the locations of those softwares so everything will be maintained here but in case of java what happens is whenever you install Java by default your operating system don't know the location it will not capture automatically especially for Java our windows will not automatically capture the location where it is got installed so we have to set that path manually other software there is no problem it will automatically capture the location you can see here but in case of Java or jdk we have to copy that path manually we have to set path here so that is a one additional step we have to do once you installed Java okay otherwise we cannot work with the Java so even though if you have installed successfully it will not work until unless you specify the path so now what we need to do is once you install your Java we have to set Java path so once we install jdk then we have to set Java path so how to set the Java path so to set the Java path first we need to capture the location where exactly the Java is got installed if I go to C drive this is the default location program files and here you can see Java so this is the default location where Java is got installed so now what we have to do is we have to go inside this jdk and go to inside this bin folder this is a complete path this is the complete path of java till bin folder bin is nothing but a binaries all Java based binaries are available here you have to capture this entire path copy this path and then go to environment variables how to go to environment variables you can directly search here can say environment variables can see edit the system environment variables and you can directly go here and click on environment variables now under system variables you can see here under system variables you can see one path variable which is already created here path variable you can select this path variable click on edit and once you click on edit you can see already there are some default paths which are already set here and we should not interrupt them let it be as it is and we need to just click on new button here and then paste here whatever path we copied Java path we just paste it over here that's it so once you paste it over here then click on okay then okay and then okay close everything that's it so this is a way we can simply set Java PA so I have clearly given all the screenshot here go to advancer settings and just go to environment variables and just go to path variable here click on edit and then just add your Java path so whichever version you have installed you can just provide that part till bin folder that's it so this is how we can simply set Java path and there is another way to set Java path I will tell you that also the other way is you can just go to environment variables directly and here instead of directly go to path variable you can create one more additional variable like this Java uncore home I already created this variable you can see how to create this can click on the new button here and say uppercase characters javore home and here whatever path you captured you don't need to provide the complete path you can simply provide only till home path like this program files Java jdk9 this is home Java home not bin folder so once you provided your Java home path you can simply say okay then Java Home Path will be created here and once you created your Java Home Path after that go to path variable edit and here you can specify like this new we already created Java home right we need to get that path so to get that Java home path you can say percent Java home which is already created now and after that we can simply specify the bin folder slash bin that's that's it so Java home variable we already created so we can just refer that variable by using percen SL bin this is another way of creating Java path variable or if you don't want to create multiple variables directly you can specify the path till bin folder you can directly write it here and you don't need to create the Java home path in future it is required but for now it is not required okay so I already created them so I just want to remove it so Java home is already there so this step is mandatory you have to do and if I don't do this step your Java will not work your Java program will not be executed so this step mandator you have to do it and for Mac users you don't need to set any path by default if you're using latest Mac versions you don't need to set any path by default it will get and it will run it okay you can just check it so this is how we can simply download install jdk and then set Java path now what is the next step so once you have set everything is done so we have successfully installed Java set Java path and now we have to cross check everything is successfully done or not so how we can check just open the command prompt or terminal like this and on Windows command prompt or if you're using Mac you can open the terminal on this you can just execute one command Java iPhone Java space iPhone version so if I give this command this will give you the version which we have installed so if you're not properly set Java path it will not give you the version number like this it will give you the command not found error okay so if you have successfully done you have installed Java and also we have said Java part after that open this command prompt and then check Java iphon version is executed successfully or not it will clearly show you which version of java you have successfully installed okay so like this we have to install Java and set Java path and check the command so I have created this command also we can just check it okay this is a simple way we can download install jdk so this is the first thing now so we have success installed Java which is jdk now we have to install Eclipse ID Eclipse ID we have to download and install now let me show you how to download and install latest version of eclipse always try to take the latest one they keep doing some changes every time so try to get the latest Eclipse so now I'm going to show you how to download and install Eclipse so go to everything is open source and free software you don't need to buy anything you can simply just download and install okay now go to Google and just download just type download eclipse and uh you will directly go to this page Eclipse downloads so this is a web page eclipse.org downloads so in this page you can just directly download you can just see this is the latest version Eclipse ID 20 2309 this is the latest version of uh this Eclipse ID and uh you can just click on it so once you click on it it will navigate to another page okay now it will automatically navigate on and if you're opening this link on Mac OS it will show you the DMG file you have to just download it if you're working on Windows it is executable file.exe and if you're working on Mac it is a DMG file so this this is executable file JRE win 64.exe you can simply click on download and here you don't need any sign up or sign in anything you can simply download So once you click on the download it will start uh downloading the software you can see here okay the executable file will start downloading so once it is downloaded and just go to the folder where it is got downloaded this is executable file now once you get an executable file we just double click it will start installing so I'm just double clicking on this and if you're working on Mac it's the same process again and just download EMG file and double click and it will start installing so this will take a few seconds of time so let's complete so initially once you start clicking on Eclipse installer here you have to choose which one we have to install because there are so many different flavors are there so you need to select one of the flavors so this is the one Eclipse ID for Java developers this is the option which we have to select so once you click on this and it will show you the location where exactly it will install program files and by default eclipse comes along with Java eclipse is also developed by using Java itself so it needs Java internally so by default it will get uh Java like this and installation folder so where it is going to install it will show you the location also this is the location and better to copy this location later it will be useful for creating the shortcut and you can see create start menu entry create desk shter leave it as it is and then click on install and you don't need to change anything here let it be the default values and once you click on install it will start installing the software everything is very simple uh very easy steps you guys can try this and if you have any confusion just go through the document and look at the screenshots and then continue in so this will take a few seconds of time so let's wait for a few seconds okay so once it is successfully installed you can see one desktop shortcut is also got created and uh so now what we can do we can simply close this window or then you can launch your IDE by using the shortcut icon or else you can directly launch from here directly you can simply click on launch it will automatically launch your Eclipse so this is the latest version 20239 almost in every month they release a newer versions so 09 is a latest version okay so first time when you launch your Eclipse you will see this window and in this you have to specify the workspace so what is a workspace so suppose you created some project and you're are doing some stuff in your project you have to save all of them in one place you need to save all of them in one single place that is called workspace means whatever work you're doing in Eclipse you have to maintain that work or you have to save that work in some place so that is called workspace so that you need to provide so before before going here uh let it be there and you can create your own workspace just go C drive or D drive wherever you want and I want to create suppose workspaces I already have one folder workspaces and here I'm going to create a new workspace so click on the new folder you can create and later in future whatever Java programs we writing automation everything I'm going to store in this particular folder only so here you can give any name to the folder so I'm just giving here let's say 15th so 15th September bch September 2023 batch so I'm just giving some folder name here and I'm using this folder as a workspace so once you created it now come back and here just you need to browse it click on browse and uh then go wherever you create a workspace and this is only one time task once you created a workspace you have to use the same workspace forever so I'm just selecting whatever empty folder I have created simply select folder so now you got the workspace okay and then you can select this box if you want use this as a default and do not ask again so every time when you launch your Eclipse it will ask you to specify the workspace location so if you don't want to ask every time so you can simply select this checkbox and then click on launch so once you have done it your Eclipse will start opening the workspace okay now first time when you open your Eclipse you will see this window and uh this is a welcome window and if you don't want to see this welcome window every time uh you can simply directly close it or you can say always show welcome at start if you select this checkbox every time the welcome window will appear we don't need this every time so we can simply close directly okay now this is a new or fresh window of eclipse this is a default Eclipse Window first time you will see like this so now we need to do some things here so you don't need here task list you can just close and outline also you can directly close and the problems all those things you don't need you can simply close this declarations and everything so this is a plain window and here you can see by default package Explorer and this is the most important window and uh there are some menus are there some icons are there later we will try to understand one by one so first thing what you need to do is whenever you open your Eclipse by default you can see your workspace okay you can see your workspace here on the tab title tab you can see your workspace can you see here 15th September 2023 batch Ian Eclipse ID so this is your workspace name you will see by default you are already in your workspace so now what we need to do is we have to create a new project so whatever prerequisits we want we already done it so jdk already installed Eclipse ID is already installed so now we are ready to create a new Java project and we are ready to write a new Java program and we are ready to execute it so now let us do step by step so the first thing is we have to create a new Java project once eclipse is ready then we have to do some steps so first step is we have to create a new Java project in Eclipse only one time so same project we are going to use in every day so first we need to start creating a new Java project so how to create a new Java project in Eclipse you can directly click on this create a Java project link from package Explorer this will open a new window like this or you can just directly go to file menu here you can do new and Java project and this will also open the same window or you can directly use this icon can see here there is icon click on this icon can click on the Java project so this will open the same window so once you open this window here you can provide your project name so here I'm just providing some name say Java programing you can provide any name to this don't give any spaces and everything just provide some project name so once you provided your project Name by default it will take whichever Java is already installed on your local system or sometimes it will take Java from Eclipse itself because Eclipse also comes along with Java so by default it will take so no need to change change anything here just to provide only Java project name simply you can create finish okay just say only finish so once you click on this finish then it will create new Java project you can see here okay this is a new Java project which is showing under this Java project by default you can see Jr system Library means what this Java project is associated with jav itself and under this SRC you can see something called module info. Java so I think we we are not going to use this modu concept you can just have it or you can just remove it no problem you can just say right click and then I can delete this model info. Java we don't you can say delete it so now this is a simple new Java project which we have to create this is a step number one so once you created your new Java project so then what we have to do is we have to create a new Java project new Java package in the later uh upcoming sessions I will detail explain about what is package all those things but for now just follow as it is create a new Java pro package so as soon as you created your Java project inside this SRC SRC means what source it is a main folder or we can say main package in Java and whatever we are going to do everything will be part of SRC okay so in SRC I want to create my own package so what is package package is just like a folder just like a folder so what I will do is under SRC I will create a multiple folders every day like day one day two day three so whatever programs I'm going to explain will be part of that particular folder so under SRC today I'm going to create a new folder that means new package right click and new package you will get this window you can see like this right click on SRC new and here you have to take package package in the sense just like a folder so now select the package now here you have to provide the package name so here I'm saying day one and click on so don't take this package info. Java this is not needed simply say only day one package name and say finish now we created a new folder under SRC folder in the sense in Java we call it as a package now inside this package only we are going to write your Java programs so now we'll see how to create a first and very simple Java program very basic Java program step one we created a new Java project step two we created a new Java package now step three whenever you want to write a new Java program first we need to create a new class this is most important so without creating a class we cannot write a single line of code in Java so we have to create a new class okay so what is class in coming sessions I will detail explain at least for few sessions just blindly follow as it is what I'm saying okay so after few sessions you will understand what exactly class means what is object all these things so so how to create a new class so to create a new class under this package whatever package we created just right click on it new here you can see class so just click on this class and here this window will open in this you can just provide a class name you don't need to change anything here just on the name box you can provide so here I'm just giving some name to the class I say and always remember the class name should always start with uppercase character this is the naming convention so we need to follow certain naming standards in Java I will tell you what are those naming conventions but initially you can just check so whenever you provide a class name you have to start with uppercase character so you can say first Java program or you can just give whatever name you want I can simply say welcome or I can say anything okay let me just give like this first Java program first Java program so don't give any spaces so this should be one single word and in between if you find any words you can use uppercase character no problem but don't give any spaces and it should start with uppercase character just take this name and uh just directly click on this finish button so don't take any of this option just provide your class name and just click on finish so once you done it you will see a new class is got created under day one and automatically opens another window okay you can close this window again if you want to open just double click on this program Java and you can see this window so this is a simple way of creating a new class we'll try to understand what exactly they are but initially we will try to understand the steps what are the steps first we created new Java project and you can directly do like this go to directly file and then click on the new and here you can say new Java project this is the navigation and after how to create a new Java package just right click on SRC and then select package so how to create a package just right click on SRC new package this is the navigation right click on S s RC and then package so this will create a new package now how to create a new class again right click on package which we created above and uh then new class so just right click on package like this new class so this is a navigation so once you created your class now we are ready to write your Java program so font is very very smaller so let us try to increase this font so even this window package Explorer font is very small and this is also very small right so let us try to increase this font if you want to increase this font there is a shortcut key okay so I can say yeah control plus if I say Control Plus automatically this will increase the font like this okay control minus means decreasing Control Plus shortcut key I'll just put here to increase F in window in Eclipse Window you can say Control Plus control Ctrl plus button so both you have to press control plus multiple times you can press automatically the font will be increased okay now if I look at this the first line is representing in which package we are writing the Java program so the package is a keyword and here day one is a name of the package and semicolon representing end of the statement semicolon representing end of the statement so every program whenever you start writing the new class the first line is representing the package in which package you have created a class okay now if you look at this these are all Java keywords public class and this is the name of the class and starting cly bra ending curly bra so if I look at this particular syntax public class public is basically called as access modifier class is a keyword which is actually representing this is a class so in the coming sessions you will understand in detail what exactly they are and once you understand objectoriented programming concept then you'll able to understand this so next few sessions just follow blindly just like this okay public class class name and curly base is representing the starting point so you can put in the same line or you can put in the next line also no problem this is a starting point of the class and this is ending point of the class so whatever you want to write in a program should be part of this open and closing curly braces here you have to write this is called scope of the class where it is got started here it is started and here it is end so this part is called scope of the class and inside this class we have to create something called a main method so how to create the syntax is public static void Main in this you have to write something called string arguments don't worry if you not understood this no problem this is not the right time to understand the all these things just use it as it is the coming sessions you will get more understanding about this so this is a class and the name of the class inside this we have to write something called main method this is called main method this part is called main method so whatever Java program you created wherever created whenever you created you must write this index you must write this index public class class name started point and public static void main main and string ARs and again this is a starting point of main method this is a ending point of main method this is called main method and the class always contains the method So currently we have created only one method we can also create multiple methods so that we will see later for now the class contains the one main method so without having this main method we cannot execute the class if you want to run this class if you want to execute and see the result of the class we have to write main method so main method must and should and if you don't have this main method you cannot run this program first of all we have not written anything so far just we created a new class inside this we just created one main method so whenever you create a new class main method must be present without main method you cannot run the program so main method must be present inside the class now whatever you want to write should be part of main method now I want to print some message some welcome message as an output when I execute this program I want to get some output message like welcome to Java so how we can do that I can just write one state here system.out.print system.out.print and here I'm writing some messages say welcome to Java and then semic Cod I have written only one single statement in the main method so this is simple program I have created now when I when I execute this program I will get output this one so whatever I mentioned here this I will get as an output but how to run this program how to execute this program you can do multiple ways you can just right click here run as Java application or you can directly go here run menu and you can use this option control F1 is a shortcut key or you can directly click on this icon run first Java program. jav so normally when you do like like this you will get uh this window every time whenever you run your program you'll get this window but basically what it is saying it is saying do you want to save this program before running yes every time before running we have to save the program it should always should happen so I will select this checkbox so that next time onwards it will not ask you to save it every time it will automatically saved by Eclipse so next time this window will not appear if you select this so okay and once executed now we can see in the console window this is called console window and here here you able to see the output of the program so when I execute this program you will see this output here now I will write one more statement here I can say system. out. print l so what is system.out.print means so this is actually the print statement if you want to print something as an output we have to use this command system. out. pinell again in the coming sessions you will understand what what is this system what is an out what is print in detail we will try to understand but as of now we can just try to understand if you want to write or if you want to print something as an output you have to use this command system. out. print L and inside this bracket you can keep for example I will say 10 + 20 10 + 20 and then semicolon so in Java semicolon is representing end of the statement whenever you put semicolon that is representing this statement is got ended but this is not applicable for class as well as method we should not put semicolon here similarly we should not put semicolon for main method okay semicolon is applicable for only statements which are provided inside this main method every statement is end with the semicolon now I have written one more statement 10 + 20 now when I execute this program run as a Java program now you can just see this is the output of the first statement and this is the output of the second statement in the second statement what I have done 10 plus 20 so what is plus will do it will add two numbers 10 + 20 30 so we got a 30 as an output okay now this is how we can simply write a Java program and execute your Java program then you can see the output in the console window and one more thing in the first first printel statement I put this in the double quotations but in the second statement I haven't put in double quotations what could be the reason if you put in double quotations then what will happen see I'm keeping inside the double quotations now execute and see what will happen when I run as a Java program again see this it is just printed as it is it is not exactly calculated the output what does it mean whatever you keep inside the double quotations it will exactly print in the console window as an output it will not do any change but we want to perform some operation here we want to do some calculation here so whenever you want to use any arithmetic operators like minus plus division all those things we should not put those numbers in the double quotations because they are the numbers only the strings string is nothing but what characters a group of characters is called a string so those only we can keep in the double quotations so numbers or when you do some operations we should not put in the double quotations now when I execute this you'll exactly get whatever you want okay so this is how we can simply create a new Java program and execute and see the output in the console window fine now I'm going to show you one more program you can just close a console window close your Java and what we understood here how to create a new class and inside the class we have created this main method manually and these are all Java keywords reserved keywords we should create exactly the similar way we should not write uppercase characters by mistake if you make is a public is uppercase character this is not recognized by Java you can see eclipse is intimating you there is a syntax error here you can clearly understand this is another major usage of eclipse whenever you do some mistakes Eclipse will easily identify and intimate you see instead of lower case I put uppercase character what it is saying syntax error on token public so you should remove this and put as a lowercase character same thing for static void also these are lowercase characters all keywords Java keywords means Java is having their own meaning for these keywords all keywords is appear in same color and they're all in lower key characters and one more thing here in the string s is uppercase character we have to write exactly the same if you put lowercase character then it is a error again it should be uppercase character and same system s is uppercase character instead of uppercase if I use lowercase character then it will give an error so s is a uppercase character in the coming session slowly we will make you understand what is the naming convention how to do it all all those things okay within one or two days you will not get all these things once you start practicing slowly you will understand where exactly we use uppercase character where exactly we use lowercase character where exactly we use double codes where we should not use double codes all those things you will be familiar slowly once you start practicing it okay within few days you will not get it takes some some time initially you will definitely do some mistakes and do mistakes and try to understand where exactly you have done mistake and rectify it and try to execute it so this is the first program which we have seen now I'm going to create one more new program after saving this so now I want to create another program so on the same day one I'm going to create new class another class and here we can just provide only class name so this is my second Java program so I can say second Java program and one more thing so whenever you create a new class which should contains a main method so main method without having main method you cannot execute a program main method should be present in the class so in the previous program what we have done we have created our own main method manually we have written the main method but if you don't want to write manually you can select this box public static void means string ARS if you look at this particular statement you can automatically select this so that it will automat automatically add main method inside the class if you select this option can simply directly say finish just observe yes it is created a new class and also it is created main method inside this so inside this you can put the CRA in the next line also like this now this is a simple comment statement you can just remove it see this the structure is got created automatically now where we have to write our code inside main method so here I'm going to write something so if you want to print something what is the command we have to use system.out.println and here we can write let's say say welcome to Java so this statement is end here and when I run this it will print as it is whatever you print in the double quotations exactly is got printed okay now suppose I don't want to write this entire state M system. out. print Ln sometimes when you write complete statement you will do some mistakes so I automatically insert this entire statement automatically I want to write system print simply what you can do is you can write only ciso Sy yso s is uppercase character see Sy yso and after typing SSO C so just press control space control space that's it automatically the entire thing will be added control space command is Control Plus space so when you execute this control space automatically the entire statement will be added I'll show you one more time you can just look at this see so just type c o Sy Ys o control space if you're working on Mac you have to just press command space okay here on Windows control space when I say control space is automatically added okay this is a shortcut so now I can put whatever you want in the double potations you can say hello so whatever you put in the double course when I run this program you will see same message is got printed okay now I want to show you something here so whenever you're creating a class you have to provide the class name so we need to follow certain naming conventions so we need to follow certain rules where they providing the class name so what are the rules we have to follow rules or we can simply say naming conventions so what are the rules we have to follow when you provide the class names the first role is the class name should start with uppercase character class names always start with uppercase characters second thing is class name should not start with number class name should not start with number okay and class name contains underscore but not Ione contains underscore but not Ione special characters are not allowed class name contains a numbers numbers also we can have but it should should not start with the number so I'll tell you suppose let me try to create another class so when I create a new class it should not start with a number let's say 1 2 3 no not possible it is saying not valid identifier and here I can say my class this is also not possible because it is starting with the number for example you can do like this I can say my class one you can put like this one two three I can write like this because first you need to start with the characters Then followed by the Numbers it is allowed but the class name should not start with the numbers okay that's the one thing suppose if you want to give some space for example let's say here I'm writing my first class there are two three words are there my first class every word should start with uppercase character but if you want to divide them you should not give spaces like this spaces are not allowed but instead of spaces you can just give one underscore underscore is allowed only underscore is allowed from the special characters other than underscore it will not allow you to put any other special character suppose instead of underscore I want to put Ione it is not allowed Ione is not allowed okay all special characters not allowed except this underscore only underscore is allowed okay so while creating the class just remember this rules class name should start with uppercase character class name should not start with a number class name can have underscores in the middle of something and special characters are not allowed and class name contains numbers but it should not start with the number as for the second point it should not start with the number but in in between the class name you can use numbers okay so these are the names naming conventions we have to follow when you're creating a new class now go back to the second Java program so here we can use this method system.out.println and whatever we put in the double course it will as it is printed in the console window now I will try to put multiple statements just observe this this is one statement three four five statements so when you run this program so the same message will be printed five times you can see how many statements have written five statements so you got all five statement five times it is got printed so this is the method so first we have to create a new class inside this this is a method and here the method is starting point this is the ending point here is the starting point of the class is the ending point of the class always remember the class contains this method and without having this main method we cannot execute your program prr so execution will always start from the main method itself jvm Java virtual machine will start executing the program from the main method itself okay now let us see something about comments what is comment there are two kinds of comments single line and multi-line comments single line multi-line comments what is comments what is use of comments so comments are basically improve the readability of the code for example let us say I have written five statements here and whenever I also enable this statement so if I execute this by default it will execute six statements see all of them are got executed now I don't want to execute this particular statement the first statement I don't want to execute simply we can comment it so how to comment the single line you can simply say slash slash put one SL SL forward SL slash this will automatically comment that line so whenever you commented Java will not execute that particular statement so initially you got this message after commenting if you execute your code you will not execute the statement rest of the statements are got executed so whichever statement you don't want to execute you can put the comment so for example here uh these two statements also I don't want to execute so just put that as a comment so when you run it you will get only three statements only these three got executed okay and suppose I want to comment everything only except the first statement and all these statements I want to comment okay in this case what you can do is if you have just two to three lines you can do like this like this okay suppose we have a 20 lines or 50 lines or 100 lines of code then in instead of using single line comment you can comment all the lines in one shot simply you can say one slash star so this is a starting point here you want to start comment and where you want to end all the statement you want to comment so at the end of the last statement you can close this by using star and slash so now all these statements are got commented so slash star star slash here star comes after the slash here star comes before the slash so this is called multi-line comment so now when I execute this all the lines are commented except the first line only first line will be executed so single line command we use slash slash and multi-line command we can use slash slash and the starting point and this is the ending and what is the use of this comment it will just improve the readability of the code and also you have written some piece of code and you only can understand the code you have suppose you created some variables and some looping statements and you have written some logic inside the program and if you provide your program to somebody else for reading they can't understand your code and suppose you created some piece of code some logic you have written they don't understand so before writing the logic if you write some comment before that so why you created this variable why you created this looping state and why you created this data typee if you write some meaningful message so others will able to understand your code by just reading that comment so that will improve the readability of your code very very helpful single end comment and multi-line comand and also if you don't want to execute some piece of code or some piece of lines in your uh in your program you can simply comment them either it can be single line or it can be multiple lines so that's how we can use comment single line comment and multi-line comment okay so how to create a class how to create a main method so for few sessions at least follow the same structure as it is and you will able to understand this in the coming sessions slowly I'll make you understand because we need to understand so many other Concepts to understand this so what is public what is class and what is static what is made okay what is wide and what is this string argument what is this bracket and what is this system how print there are many things are here so to understand all of them at least we need to finish four to five sessions and then you'll able to understand what exactly they are okay we will try to understand individually what are those keywords there's separate sessions are there to understand this and once you understand then we will understand the complete part what is class what is main method what is system what is out what is print tell so you will will get to know exactly what what are they so this is a basic understanding so what we have seen so far is we have successfully installed Java and we have also successfully installed Eclipse IDE and then we have created a new Java project in Eclipse we have created a new package in Eclipse under Java same project and we have created a new class and inside the class we have written simple one main method and then we have executed okay so for today just practice this much try to set up the environment install Java install eclipse and once environment is done then create a new project in your eclipse and before starting Eclipse it will ask you the workspace create a workspace and create a new pro project and every day I will create a new package like this let's say day one is today tomorrow day two day three day four like this every day I will create a new folder new package and I will create all the programs and I will share these coded code examples on day-to-day basis okay and to install eclipse and uh Java uh you don't have any specific restrictions actually you don't need any system specification just 8GB Ram is enough if you have you can just try so you can just run that app as an administrator sometimes you may not have privileges to run the applications so in those cases what you can do is for example you have downloaded this Eclipse software right instead of directly double clicking on this you can just run as an administrator right click run as an administrator so that it will execute the software as an administrator sometimes if you do not have proper privileges you cannot run the installers on your system on your PC so in those cases you can just just run that software as a administrator then it will continue to execute any software whichever download you have done you can just run that as a administrator and if you're working on Mac users you guys also open the terminal as an administrator connect to the administrator user and try to install all the softwares right so that is all for today's session so just try to do this for today just try to understand install and get the environment ready and once the environment is ready then create a new Java project new package and try to create a new class and just try to play with them okay just create multiple classes and see how they are executing and how you're able to see the output in the console window and try to change something in this print statements okay and then try to execute and see the output so explore these things first you get familiar with these things because you do lot of mistakes uh as a beginner okay so you do lot of mistakes and try to figure out what the mistakes you have done and rectify them and also Eclipse will give you clear ination clear notification if you do some mistake so correct it and then you will able to run it and try to put the curly braces correctly okay whenever you open the curly place it should end here and here the main method curly place it should end here okay only the statements should have semicolon main method and public class these class and main method should not have any saing colors so just get familiar with these basic stuff and from tomorrow we'll continue the further Concepts okay all right so that's all for today's session I will stop here rest of the topics we will discuss in the next session