Lecture Notes: Reaction to Budget 2024
Overview of Government Reactions
- Public Discontent: Even staunch Modi supporters are angered by the government's budget decisions.
- Concerns Over Income Inequality: Income inequality in India is highlighted as being worse than during British rule.
- Social Media Reaction: A shift in public sentiment from support to disappointment after Budget 2024 announcement.
Key Points from Budget 2024 Presentation
Finance Minister's Presentation
- Date: 23rd July 2023.
- Public Reaction: Widespread negativity from the public, including viral tweets criticizing the Finance Minister, Nirmala Sitharaman.
- Tweet Highlights: Many expressed frustration over perceived oppressive tax policies.
Capital Gains Tax Overview
- Types of Capital Gains Tax:
- Short-Term Capital Gains (STCG): Tax increases from 15% to 20% for selling specified assets within one year.
- Long-Term Capital Gains (LTCG): Tax increases from 10% to 12.5% for assets held longer than a year.
- Exemption Increase: Exemption threshold raised from ₹100,000 to ₹125,000.
- Public Impact: Particularly affects stock market investors and futures/options traders due to increased tax burdens.
Economic Justification
- Economic Survey Insights:
- Emphasizes concerns about stock market bubbles and potential instability.
- Urges cautious investment practices, discouraging Futures and Options trading.
- Focus on Unemployment:
- Details the need for 7.85 million jobs annually by 2030.
- High unemployment rate noted among youth, emphasizing AI's disruption of job markets.
Recommendations and Courses
- Artificial Intelligence Upskilling: Introduction of a ChatGPT course designed to enhance productivity and skills in AI applications for various professional fields.
Non-Financial Assets Taxation
- LTCG Tax on Property: Decreases from 20% to 12.5%, but removal of indexation benefits may lead to higher taxes on actual gains after accounting for inflation.
- Purpose of Changes: Discouraging speculation in property prices to stabilize the market.
Criticism of Tax Structures
- Angel Tax: Removal welcomed for benefiting startups.
- Income Tax Changes: Minor enhancements with little substantive benefit for the middle class.
- Increased Standard Deduction from ₹50,000 to ₹75,000.
- Tax slab thresholds adjusted slightly but still burdensome compared to past administrations.
Government Revenue Changes
- Tax Revenue Shifts: Notable decline in corporate tax contribution to governmental revenue, contrasted by higher burdens on income tax payers.
Future Policies and Strategies
- Job Creation Initiatives: Five schemes proposed totaling ₹2 trillion aimed to support employment, particularly in manufacturing and service sectors.
- State Funding Allocations: Significant budget allocations for Andhra Pradesh and Bihar in preparation for upcoming elections, raising questions about political motivations.
Conclusion
- Growing Income Inequality: Evidence suggests widening gap between rich and poor; the government is urged to address middle-class needs better.
- Future Outlook: The implications of the 2024 budget and policies on the Indian economy remain uncertain.
- Call to Action: Encouragement for considering tax structures that favor the middle class over wealthy individuals.
Note: Review data supporting income inequality claims and implications of proposed taxation changes for further understanding.