introduction hi friends we can see so many vehicles like bikes cars trains etc all are running around us they don't eat any food like any living being - then how to get their energy yes they get their energy from fuel the fuel can either be coal or petroleum product the provide energy for vehicles to move in this module we are going to learn more about these natural energy resources objectives at the end of this module you'll be able to define Natural Resources and it's types describe the coal and its other useful products describe petroleum and its refining process lists the various constituents of petroleum and their uses describe the natural gas and its importance hey Dale what are you doing here hey I'm fond of seeing running trains on tracks some trains run very speedily while others not but I observed so many time that some engines emit a lot of fume while others do not here you're right because in some train engines the fuel source is coal and in others it is diesel now electric engines are frequently used all over the world you know resources are of two types natural and man-made natural resources such as forests air water soil coal petroleum and natural gas are directly obtained from nature natural resources can be broadly classified into two categories inexhaustible natural resources and exhaustible resources inexhaustible natural resources are present in abundance hence it is unlikely that it will be exhausted by any human activity sunlight and air are examples of such resources on other side the amount of exhaustible resources is limited and they can be exhausted by human activities and consumption forests wildlife coal natural gas petroleum minerals are the examples of these resources do you know that some exhaustible resources like coal natural gas and petroleum were formed from the dead remains of living organisms called fossils and hence these are also known as fossil fuels hey now let us know about these fossil fields in details let us start with coal you may have seen coal in your surrounding it is hard and black in color coal is used for variety of purposes such as cooking food running railway engines thermal plants and various industries after heating in air it starts burning and produces carbon dioxide gas you'll be surprised to know that some useful byproducts of coal like coke coal tar and coal gas are obtained directly from coal do you know how these byproducts are helpful for us at first let us know about coke coke is a tough porous and black colored substance in the manufacturing of steel and extraction of many metals it is mainly used coal tar is a black thick liquid with unpleasant smell it is frequently used for manufacturing of synthetic dyes perfumes drugs explosives paints plastics paints and photographic materials to obtain coke from coal coal gas is produced in many industries located near coal plants it is used as a fuel Hey now it's time to have some fun drag-and-drop the correct options to fill up the blanks friends I know you all a found of luxury cars and vehicles but do you know on which fuel to the run on roads actually most of these run on either petrol diesel or compressed natural gas also known as CNG petrol and diesel are obtained from a natural resource called petroleum do you see that petroleum and natural gas deposits exists as a layer above the water layer now friends we know that petroleum is a fuel source of our vehicles but do you also know that this petroleum is a dark oily liquid and made up of various components such as petroleum gas petrol diesel kerosene paraffin wax lubricating oil and so on all these components are separated by process called as refining this process is carried out in a petroleum refinery here is a table containing various constituents of petroleum and their uses now let's move on to our next exhaustible natural resource this is natural gas also known as compressed natural gas or CNG it is stored under high pressure as compressed natural gas CNG CNG is generally used for power generation but due to less polluting it is being used as a fuel for vehicles it is also used for cooking purposes natural gas is also used as a base material for the manufacture of a number of chemicals and fertilizers friends as we know that petrol and diesel are exhaustible resources that is the amount of them in nature is limited and will deplete one day it is important to use this resources carefully while utilizing here are few useful tips for us as advised by the petroleum conservation Research Association PCR a1 we should switch off the engine at traffic lights or traffic jams to drive at a constant and moderate speed as far as possible 3 we also should ensure regular maintenance of the vehicle and correct air pressure in times summary friends let's summarize what we have learned so far Natural Resources can be broadly classified into inexhaustible and exhaustible resources in nature inexhaustible national resources are present in unlimited quantity and are not likely to be exhausted by any human activity sunlight and air are the examples of such resources the amount of exhaustible resources is limited and they can be exhausted by human activities forests wildlife coal natural gas petroleum minerals are some of the examples of these resources coal petroleum and natural gas are known as fossil fuels these are exhaustible resources coke coal tar and coal gas are all products of coal petroleum gas petrol diesel kerosene paraffin wax lubricating oil are obtained by refining petroleum as byproducts we should use coal petroleum and CNG judiciously