want to master grammar so you can speak properly express yourself better and understand more in this video I'll show you how to master Grammar with our lessons and learning program let's begin number one listen to the lesson conversations and explanations in every lesson you learn a conversation then our teachers break down every word and grammar rule so you're actually learning grammar rules in the context of conversations and you can easily see how they're used once you're done review the conversation again and again to remember what you've learned number two read the bonus explanations and tutorials with the lesson notes you get extra grammar explanations and examples that are not presented in the lesson after you're done with a lesson read the lesson notes for extra review you can even save them as PDFs so that you can access them anytime number three leave a comment on the lesson once you've learned a grammar point be sure to use it leave a comment in the comment section write some example sentences for practice our teachers will review your comment and give you feedback number four unlock even more grammar lessons if you want to find all of the grammar lessons available visit our lesson Library under category choose grammar you'll get all of the pathways and lesson dedicated to helping you learn and master sentence patterns and grammar points so if you're ready to finally learn a new language the fast fun and easy way sign up for your free lifetime account by clicking on the link in the description signing up takes less than 30 seconds and you'll start speaking from your very first lesson if you enjoyed these tips hit the like button share it with anyone who's trying to learn a new language and subscribe to our Channel we release new videos every week I'll see you next time bye [Music] hi welcome to introduction to Italian my name is Alicia and I'm joined by hi everyone I'm Marika in this lesson you'll learn the basics of Italian grammar word order refers to the order in which words are structured to form a sentence in a given language consider the English sentence I ate an apple but first let's remove the article and here for Simplicity so we're just left with I ate apple the basic word order for English is subject verb object or SVO for short if we break down the English sentence I ate apple we can see that the subject I is presented first followed by the verb ate and then finally the object apple is positioned last this is the basic word order for sentences in English now let's compare that same sentence I ate an apple in Italian like before let's remove the article to keep it simple so we're just left with the words if we break down the Italian sentence we get the subject EO meaning I then comes the verb omanjato meaning eight and finally we have the object Mela meaning Apple the basic word order for Italian then is SBO it's the same as English this means that you can convert an English sentence into Italian simply by replacing the English words with Italian words and you'll still be understood Italian word order however is much more flexible than English if we swapped the subject and object around with that Apple ate I in English which changes the meaning of the sentence completely in Italian however the core meaning of the sentence does not change it would still essentially be I ate apple you as you can see the word order of Italian is quite flexible more often than not if you wanted to say I ate an apple in Italian you would not say instead you would more likely say ate an apple in Italian this is because Italian is a null subject language where the word for the pronoun is omitted because it's already implied this is because all of the information can be derived from the way the verb is conjugated in the sentence for example the verb apride means to open when you conjugate it it changes according to the subject means you open the box means they opened the box let's take a look at another example means to return means we return home by train means I return home by train can you see how the subject changes based on the way the verb is conjugated in the sentence okay let's move on negating a sentence in Italian is incredibly simple all you have to do is to put the word non in front of the verb let's go back to the original example I ate an apple the verb here is eight or omanjato in Italian to make this sentence negative simply add known before the verb omandato if it were Carla ate an apple it would be Carla Amanda adding known before the verb would make it negative intreno nonsense you can create any negative sentence in Italian simply by adding none before the verb asking a question in Italian is even easier than making it negative all you have to do is simply raise the pitch at the end of a sentence to turn it into a question no rearranging of words is needed you can create any basic yes no questions in Italian this way if you want to be a little more specific simply add the question word in front of the question for example means why Opera cuando means when come means how come now you know how to create questions in Italian well done we've covered a lot of things in this lesson so let's recap what we've learned in this lesson you learned that Italian sentences can be formed using a subject verb object or SVO word order Italian tends to omit the subject if that subject is a pronoun you make a sentence negative by adding none before the verb to turn a sentence into a question simply raise your pitch at the end and if you want to be more specific just add a question word at the beginning of the question we've covered only the very basics of Italian grammar if you're interested in learning more check out our Italian in three minutes video series in that course we teach you useful phrases while covering the fundamentals of Italian grammar and each lesson is only three minutes long in the next lesson we'll introduce you to the basics of Italian writing see you in the next lesson bye bye [Music] want to speak real Italian from your first lesson sign up for your free lifetime account at italianpod101.com hi everybody Marika here welcome to ask a teacher where I'll answer some of your most common Italian questions the question for this lesson is do Italians only speak Italian or are there other languages commonly spoken in Italy Italian is such a famous and beautiful language that many people only know about standard Italian however that's only half the story actually many Italians are native bilinguals Italian is the most widely spoken language in Italy but there are lots of regional languages or dialects called dialetti people don't really use dialects in official or formal settings that's why Italian is the official language of Italy it's necessary to have a Common Language everyone can understand and use together for the most part dialects are only spoken and used in casual situations a few of the major dialects might sound familiar to you the major ones are napolitan Sicilian Sardinian Venetian and Freeland and there are a lot more you probably won't be able to find a full list of dialetti online there are two main reason why dialects don't have a written literature so few documents have been written about them in fact most children learn a dialleto at the same time they learn standard Italian the difference is that Italian is what's used in schools while dialects are used with family and friends some people consider dialects as the only language they can truly Express one's innermost feelings unfortunately many children today don't learn any dialecti at all so if you go to Italy and you overhear an unfamiliar phrase it might not even be in Italian it could be a phrase from one of the many italian dialects isn't that interesting if you have any more questions leave them in the comments below apresto hi everybody Marika here welcome to ask a teacher where I'll answer some of your most common Italian questions the question for this lesson is does Italian have any false Friends words that look the same in English but mean something different the answer is yes the term false friends is the perfect name for these words they're like people who look really familiar but are actually total strangers we'll go through some of the most common ones so you can avoid miscommunications when you're speaking Italian if your Italian partner is going to introduce you to his or her parenti you'll be meeting their relatives not just the parents the word parents is janitori in Italian also if you see the word sale in a supermarket don't think you're getting a discount Sally is actually the Italian word for salt if someone describes you as educato or educata they are usually not talking about your education they are saying that you are polite and if you work in a factory don't say you work in a Factoria that means you work for on a farm if you are a librarian don't work in a Liberia because that's Bookshop so don't think that you can borrow books there for free make sure you don't offer to take pictures with your camera that means room you take pictures on your machina photographica pay attention to adverbs too atalmente means currently in Italian the Italian for actually is in realta definitely doesn't translate as definitive either that means ultimately lastly when you're talking about an even that's coming up later than expected don't use eventualmente for eventually means possibly and of course there are many more got it keep the questions coming if you have another question leave it in the comments and I'll try to answer it I Presto hi welcome to introduction to Italian my name is Alicia and I'm joined by hi everyone I'm Marika in this lesson you'll learn the basics of Italian grammar word order refers to the order in which words are structured to form a sentence in a given language consider the English sentence I ate an apple but first let's remove the article and here for Simplicity so we're just left with I ate apple the basic word order for English is subject verb object or SVO for short if we break down the English sentence I ate apple we can see that the subject I is presented first followed by the verb ate and then finally the object apple is positioned last this is the basic word order for sentences in English now let's compare that same sentence I ate an apple in Italian like before let's remove the article to keep it simple so we are just left with the words if we break down the Italian sentence we get the subject EO meaning I then comes the verb omanjato meaning eight and finally we have the object Mela meaning Apple the basic word order for Italian then is SBO it's the same as English this means that you can convert an English sentence into Italian simply by replacing the English words with Italian words and you'll still be understood Italian word order however is much more flexible than English if we swapped the subject and object around with that Apple h i in English which changes the meaning of the sentence completely in Italian however the core meaning of the sentence does not change it would still essentially be I ate apple you as you can see the word order of Italian is quite flexible more often than not if you wanted to say I ate an apple in Italian you would not say instead you would more likely say ate an apple in Italian foreign this is because Italian is a null subject language where the word for the pronoun is omitted because it's already implied this is because all of the information can be derived from the way the verb is conjugated in the sentence for example the verb apride means to open when you conjugate it it changes according to the subject means you open the box means they opened the box let's take a look at another example tornare means to return means we return home by train o means I return home by train can you see how the subject changes based on the way the verb is conjugated in the sentence okay let's move on negating a sentence in Italian is incredibly simple all you have to do is to put the word non in front of the verb let's go back to the original example I ate an apple the verb here is eight or omandato in Italian to make this sentence negative simply add known before the verbato Mela if it were Carla ate an apple it would be Carla Mela adding known before the verb would make it negative foreign you can create any negative sentence in Italian simply by adding none before the verb asking a question in Italian is even easier than making it negative all you have to do is simply raise the pitch at the end of a sentence to turn it into a question foreign no rearranging of words is needed you can create any basic yes no questions in Italian this way if you want to be a little more specific simply add the question word in front of the question for example means why Opera cuando means when and come means how to LA scatola now you know how to create questions in Italian well done we've covered a lot of things in this lesson so let's recap what we've learned in this lesson you learned that Italian sentences can be formed using a subject verb object or SVO word order Italian tends to omit the subject if that subject is a pronoun you make a sentence negative by adding none before the verb to turn a sentence into a question simply raise your pitch at the end and if you want to be more specific just add a question word at the beginning of the question hi everybody Marika here welcome to ask a teacher where I'll answer some of your most common Italian questions the question for this lesson is what are some examples of Italian loan words we use in everyday English you may not know it but you probably use some Italian every day did you know that Bravo dilemma and Paparazzi are Italian words English is full of Italian loan words we use them in almost every aspect of our lives especially in art music Cuisine and architecture the most obvious is probably Cuisine I'm sure you've seen silly people try to imitate Italian by saying spaghetti cappuccino espresso mozzarella macaroni well they are actually Italian words you might have seen Al Dente or Pasta Fresca which means fresh pasta on English pasta packages those are two different ways to prepare pasta did you know that the words zucchini and broccoli are also from Italian music and art also have plenty of Italian loan words take finale scenario solo and concerto those are all commonly used in English there are lots more on a technical level too like Forte fortissimo piano pianissimo motto stanza in arts and architecture Studio Villa graffiti veranda and ghetto as well as apartment from apartamento are all Italian loan words the list doesn't end here umbrella comes from the Italian umbrello Lottery comes from luteria and Tombola is also an Italian game Madonna Monsignor and Padre are all lone words related to religion skirtso in Italia means joke a novel comes from the Italian novella sonnet comes from sonetto Italian is everywhere be careful with some long words though the Italian word doesn't always mean the same thing in English for example Manifesto in Italian means poster English loan words don't always follow Italian grammar either zucchini and macaroni are spelled differently in Italian English words like Panini and salami are mistakenly used in the plural form pretty interesting right do you have any more questions leave them in the comments and I'll try to answer them hi everybody Marika here welcome to ask a teacher where I'll answer some of your most common Italian questions the question for this lesson is how can I use the pronoun NE net is an Italian pronoun that takes the place of nouns so that we don't have to repeat the same words these nouns can refer to people places or things let's take a look at how it can be used first NE can be used when replacing a noun introduced by D or any combination like Del Tela and so on in this case it has a partitive meaning it can be translated as any sum of it of them for example foreign do you need some money yes I need some do we have any butter no we don't have any of it meh can also replace nouns introduced by a number or an expression of quantity let's see some examples how many purses do you have I have only three Cafe SI never ride the cooking would you like some sugar in your coffee yes I'd like two spoons we also use net to replace nouns phrases introduced by the preposition D with specific verbs here are some examples meaning to talk about let's see a sample sentence you can say Domani parle remodel problema meaning tomorrow we'll talk about the problem if it's clear what you are going to talk about you can use NE and say Domani NE palerimo this means we'll talk about it tomorrow in this case NE replaces the phrase Del problema another similar case is a cordial CD meaning to notice you can either sayori I didn't notice this mistake or if it's clear what you're talking about you can say I didn't notice it now let's see where to put this little word in a sentence usually we position NE before the conjugated verb for example would you like more in negative statements it's always between the negation known and the verb I quieres do you want another glass of sparkling wine No I don't want in addition we can attach it to an infinitive orange around grazia I don't want to drink anymore thank you here we've put together the infinitive Peri and Ne making Bernie here is an example with a gerund Ave having drunk too much now he doesn't feel well there are several rules so at first try memorizing and actually using a few expressions with net you'll eventually get the hang of it start with these three Kenny fancy what do you think about it there is no more of it now why do you want some they are pretty simple right if you have any more questions please leave us a comment below see you soon hi everybody Marika here welcome to ask a teacher where I answer some of your most common Italian questions the question for this lesson is what is gerundio or in English gerund is a verb non-finite mood this means that you don't need to conjugate it it's very similar to The Continuous form of English verbs ending in ing as we said it's very convenient as you don't need to conjugate it it only has two endings Ando for verbs ending in are and Endo for verbs ending in another reason why it's easy is that it only has two tenses present and past here are some verbs in the present gerund palando talking from parlare to talk cadendo falling from kadere to fall dormindo sleeping from turmire to sleep to form the past Journal use the right auxiliary essay to be or avire to have in the present Duran plus the past participle of the main verb here is the past Journal of the same verbs a window parlato having talked having fallen avento domito having slept you can use the gerund alone for two actions happening at the same time La Musica I study listening to music to say why something happens is being tired she went to bed to express a possibility a hypothesis if he wanted to we could go to the movies another way you can use the gerund is combined with the verb study to stay to be if you combine the present tense of study and the gerund you get the present continuous for example Italiano I am studying Italian two style agendo you are reading if you combine the imperfect tense of study and the gerund you get the past continuous Italiano I will studying Italian you were reading pretty easy right if you have any more questions please leave us a comment hi everybody Marika here welcome to ask a teacher where I'll answer some of your most common Italian questions the question for this lesson is when should I use the subjunctive or conjunctivo the subjunctive is a verb mood used to express doubt hope fear or possibility in other words the subjunctive expresses subjectivity basically you need it to express anything that isn't a sure fact so where should you use the subjunctive in subordinate clauses introduced by a verb expressing doubt is supposition or a guess look at the difference between these two sentences indicative versus subjunctive I know it was you versus I think it was you I know holds the same meaning as I'm sure I know for a fact therefore you don't need the subjunctive in the second sentence pencil I think means I believe but I'm not 100 sure therefore it requires the subjunctive let's go ahead you also need the subjunctive in subordinate clauses introduced by a thinking verb this may Express desire hope will but never effect here is an example I hope you can come to the party another case is when you're talking about other people's feelings and thoughts again these are things that you can never be sure hundred percent for example I'm happy that you like my book you need to use the subjunctive after certain conjugations although although so that wherever despite primake before for example although it was late I called her tell him before it's too late you should use the subjunctive after impersonal Expressions such as it's necessary that energy it's necessary that it's possible that afrobability it's probable that for example a problem it's probable that it will rain tomorrow to form the polite imperative Italian imperative doesn't have all the persons so the third person borrows its form from the present subjective please have a seat finally you need a subjunctive in the if Clauses of the second and third conditional you'll study this later for now here is an example if I knew I'd tell you colloquial Italian often replaces the subjunctive with the indicative It's Not Unusual to hear primacetime before you leave instead of Prima que tute Nevada or you might hear Sono Contender I'm happy you like it instead of Sono content this is actually a very controversial topic some people don't accept these examples as correct Italian the language is a living thing so who knows how it will change in the future pretty interesting right if you have any more questions please leave us a comment apresto see you soon hi everybody Marika here welcome to ask a teacher where I'll answer some of your most common Italian questions the question for this lesson is why don't I always need to conjugate the verb in a subordinate clause sometimes Italian seems simpler than English because it can have an infinitive verb whereas English has a conjugated form for example Luisa he knows he is right why is a very not conjugated what are the rules that regulate this the sentence in the example above can be divided into two clauses meaning he knows that is the main Clause literally to be right is the subordinate clause in English it's translated as he is right this is a special kind of subordinate clause called implicit implicit subordinate clauses future and non-finite mood verb which means not conjugable verb infinitive is the most used in Italian if the subject of the main clause and the subordinate is the same the infinitive can replace Clauses beginning with k sounds complicated look at these examples I'm not sure I will leave you can say non Sonos Mario knows he's good at math you can say Mario Sadia cerebravo in Mathematica when the subject in the two sentences is the same and the first verb is a thinking verb your only option is to use the infinitive in the second sentence so if you want to say I hope I will leave you have to Sayre Nota the second one is too worthy and sounds unnatural however if the subjects are different you must use the subjunctive I hope Laura will leave pretty simple right if you have any more questions please leave us a comment see you soon hi everybody Marika here welcome to ask a teacher where I will answer some of your most common Italian questions the question for this lesson is how can I choose the right auxiliary verb in compound verbs in Italian when forming compound tenses such as the present perfect or Passat prossimo you'll need an auxiliary verb this will either be acidic to be or Avid to have in English you don't have to make this Choice as you only need to have that's why deciding which auxiliary to use in Italian can be a bit difficult at first let's have a look at some rules that will help you choose the right auxiliary the first thing you need to remember is that transitive verbs always need avire let's see some examples I have eaten an apple manjari to eat is a transitive verb meaning that it can have a direct object Giorgio aguardo Giorgio has watched a movie guardare to watch is also transitive we have met Laura konoshere to meet is also transitive reflexive verbs on the other hand always use essere let's see an example I have fallen in love inamorasi to fall in love is reflexive verbs in the passive form also use essere manjata the Apple has been eaten estata manjata meaning has been eaten is a passive form of manjare to eat what about intransitive verbs some use essere and others although there are no set rules here are some things you can look out for for example intransitive verbs of movement always use essere such as andare Togo and arivare to arrive here are two sample sentences yesterday I went to Venice you have arrived late on the other hand intransitive verbs of movement where the destination doesn't need to be mentioned always use a very some examples are kaminari to walk or yajari to travel a few sample sentences we have worked a lot of I've traveled by train one last thing there are some cases where both essay and aveiri are acceptable this mainly happens with verbs about the weather Pierre turain nivikare to snow grandinare to hail to anare to thunder so you can say epubuto but also but means it has rained pretty interesting right if you have any more questions please leave a comment below see you soon hi everybody Marika here welcome to ask a teacher where I'll answer some of your most common Italian questions the question for this lesson is what's the difference between potere and ryushere and potere are two verbs we use very often in Italian sometimes their meanings overlap but other times they mean completely different things potere is translated as to be able to or can it indicates the capacity and or possibility to do a determinate action for example londe cuccinareloyo you don't have to cook I can do it potere is an irregular verb but more importantly it's a modal verb modal verbs are used to give additional information about the main verb as with other modal verbs potato is almost always followed by an infinitive verb without a linking preposition for example can I go to the party sometimes we can use another verb in English this can be translated in the same way as potere however Yoshida has a slightly different meaning its meaning is somewhere between the English verbs to be able to and to succeed let's see some examples I can't sleep there is too much noise tempo I managed to arrive on time please also note that ryushire needs the preposition a in front of the infinitive it's not always easy to grasp the difference between these two verbs look at these sentences I'm 15 I can't drive it's the same as saying I'm not allowed to drive I'm too tired I can't drive it's the same as saying even if I tried I couldn't here is another example that may help we can translate I can't sleep at the office in two different ways in Italian one is non-posit vermilion feature the other one nories the first one is the most likely as it means that I can't sleep because of the office rules the second one instead means something like I can't manage sleeping at the office the speaker can't sleep not because of the rules but because of the noise or another secondary reason sometimes it doesn't matter which verb you choose for example you could say La Festa though their Nuance is different the meaning is the same I can't go to the party to recap keep in mind that there are some situations where you can't use rishire to express the same meaning situations like when you ask for permission can I go out when you ask for someone's help can anyone help me when you make a suggestion could you try pretty interesting right if you have any more questions please leave a comment below hi everybody Marika here welcome to ask a teacher where I'll answer some of your most common Italian questions the question for this lesson is how do reflexive verbs work reflexive verbs are one of those elements that don't really have an English counterpart a verb in Italian is reflexive when the subject carries out the action on itself please note that not all verbs can be reflective the infinitive form of a reflexive verb is made by dropping the infinitive ending E from and adding the pronoun SI for example arsi to wake up reflexive verbs when conjugated are preceded by a reflexive pronoun that complies with the subject let's see an example vestira to dress fies reflexive form to get dressed foreign while in the second sentence the object is Maria herself subject and object coincide the reflexive pronoun C is conjugated as follows Yo Mi vesto I get dressed tutive you get dressed like Silvestre she gets stressediamo we get dressed you get dressed in compound tenses reflexive verbs have asked it to be as auxiliary verb so we always form the passato prossimo of the reflexive verbs with essere let's see some examples Maria vestita Maria has got dressed we have woken up we can also use reflexive verbs as reciprocal verbs the subject is always plural the reciprocity of the action that the verb expresses often translates in English as each other for example we love each other they say hello to each other it's easier than you thought right if you have any more questions please leave a comment below apresto see you soon hi everybody Marika here welcome to ask a teacher where I'll answer some of your most common Italian questions the question for this lesson is what are masculine and feminine nouns and how are they different in Italian all nouns have a gender a noun can either be masculine or feminine that applies to plural nouns too and to all the words that can modify nouns such as articles and adjectives other Romans languages have similar system of masculine and feminine nouns it's a trait that comes from Latin the gender depends on the origin of the Latin word English doesn't have masculine and feminine nouns though so the easiest way for English speakers to tell announce gender is by looking at the last letter of the noun if a noun ends with o in the singular and E in the plural it's usually masculine if a noun ends with a in the singular and E in the plural it's usually feminine for example cedia meaning chair ends with an A so it's feminine laksadia in the plural Le cedia Libro meaning book ends with an O so it's masculine in Libro and in the plural elibri ending with an i the o i for masculine and a e for feminine rule doesn't always work though most of the time but not always there are some exceptions like La Moto meaning to buy which is feminine and IL problema meaning the problem which is actually masculine to make things even more complicated there is a third class of nouns ending with e in the singular and I in the plural this can be masculine or feminine depending on the word that's why it's important to learn nouns and their respective genders together with the right definite articles the definite articles are different from each gender so they'll help you remember for example take bikiri meaning glass which is in that third category of nouns ending in e the right article for bikere is ill so ilb kere is masculine how about Navi meaning ship the right article for this one is La so la Nave is feminine again there is unfortunately no formula to find the right gender the lighting origins of words go way back and often people don't know why some words have a certain gender today your best guide is going to be our first role singular o and plural I for masculine and singular a plural e for feminine just try to memorize the articles with the nouns and before you know it the gender classifications will come naturally to you that's it for this lesson please send in any more questions you have and I'll try to answer them hi everybody Marika here welcome to ask a teacher where I'll answer some of your most common Italian questions the question for this lesson is how do you form the plural of nouns in Italian just like in English nouns can be singular or plural depending on what they refer to form the plural of Italian nouns you generally have to change the final letter of the singular form from one vowel to another masculine nouns ending in o and a form the plural by changing the final vowel to I for example ragazzo meaning boy becomes Ragazzi in the plural and the plural of poeta which means poet is poeti feminine nouns ending in a form the plural by changing the a to E so Mela meaning Apple changes to melee when it means apples finally there are also nouns ending in e both masculine and feminine nouns that end in e form the plural by changing the final vowel to I let's take Kane for example which means dog and it's masculine the plural form is Kani similarity the plural of chiave a feminine noun meaning however not all nouns follow these rules in fact there are lots of exceptions let's see a few of them some nouns don't change in the plural you can still tell if a noun is plural because the definite article or its adjective will be in the plural form but the noun itself doesn't change among the words that remain unchanged in plural there are all nouns ending in x and vowels like Cafe meaning coffee or chitta meaning City foreign nouns ending in a consonant for example computer film or sport singular nouns that any I crazy meaning crisis or princes meaning toast monosyllable nouns for example re which means king some nouns have an irregular plural form for example men in Italian is WAMU while men is swamini and there are even Italian nouns that change gender when they become plural for example finger is masculine in the singular form indito but becomes feminine in the plural Le Dita plurals sometimes can be a challenge even for Native Italian speakers however exceptions are exceptions you shouldn't obsess over them just memorize the few rules I told you in the beginning and go from there pretty interesting right if you have any more questions please leave a comment below want to speak real Italian from your first lesson sign up for your free lifetime account at italianpod101.com hi everybody Marika here welcome to ask a teacher where I'll answer some of your most common Italian questions the question for this lesson is what are modified nouns in Italian you can modify nouns that allows you to convey feelings such as love hate or irony in a concise and effective way modified nouns called Nomi alterati can take different endings that convey different feelings they are usually divided into categories let's see which ones to describe something positively or negatively you can use pizza jativi and this project TV Pet segativi Express Endearment some common suffixes are Ucho and Ino for example sweetheart gatino kitten this project TV expressed dislike common subjects are atro and Astro for example scarpacha aglishu jovinastro loud to describe the aspect of something you can use akrishi TV and dimino TV akrishi TV indicate a big size the most common suffix is one for example big boy nazone big nose diminutive indicates smallness common suffixes are Ino ETO Otto ello little tree be aware of fake modified nouns or false alterati these are words that look like modified nouns but mean a total different thing Mato means crazy person but matone is not a big crazy man it's a break and Mulino means male not a small meal that's Mula Italian children often learn funny nursery rhymes in school about this false modified nouns here is one it just invented ready take note foreign the raft to go out to the sea with butter you can cook but don't sleep on their vein if you see lightning that's a storm if you see a raspberry you can eat it pretty fun right do you know any other false modified noun let us know in the comments a presto see you soon hi everybody Marika here welcome to ask a teacher where I'll answer some of your most common Italian questions the question for this lesson is what are the top 10 most common Italian idioms it might not be necessary to know idioms in order to communicate in Italian but they are very effective and fun also if you can use some idioms you'll sound more fluent are you ready to find out 10 of the most common Italian idioms let's start in Boca Lupo this literally means into the mouth of the Wolf the origin of this expression isn't clear but Italians use it very very often to wish someone good luck if someone says invokalupo to you you should reply creepy ilupo May the wolf croak Costa ronocular literally to cause an eye of the head this has basically the same meaning as the English idiom to cause an arm and a leg it means that something costs so much that you'd have to sell a part of your body to be able to afford it alverde the literal translation is to be at the green but it actually means to be broke this expression is said to have originated in Florence where the bottom half of Auctioneer candles were painted green when the candle reached the green the flow of money would come to a stop another theory is that the color refers to the inside of a wallet which you could see once you were out of money foreign idiomatic expressions about the sea are quite common in Italian this one means between saying and doing there is a c in the middle it means easier said than done Italians often shorten this expression and just Sayre Una Volta onimorte de Papa once every time a pop dies the English equivalent of this expression is once in a blue moon both are used about something happening very rarely this idiom has the perfect analog in English to be in 7th Heaven meaning to be extremely happy this expression comes from the philosophy on which Dante's comedy is based according to this philosophy the Earth is in the center of the universe surrounded by seven concentric heavens seventh heaven was the highest degree of elevation for men to sleep like a stone this idiom is basically the same as English to sleep like a log it means that someone is sleeping so sadly that they look like an inanimate object you can also say turmera comunero to sleep like a dormouse foreign the literal translation is water in your mouth if someone says aquamboka to you they want you to keep it a secret because of course you can't say anything if your mouth is full of water Candela the game isn't worth the candle this expression is of medieval origin back then people used candles at night and candles could be expensive car players used to repay the owner of the house that hosted them with either money or a candle the saying started to spread among players to indicate games where the winnings were so low that they wouldn't even cover the small expense left for the candle to cut the rope this expression means to run away from a situation it originates from the rope that was used to keep bolts tied to the shore to sail it was necessary to free the boat first but if someone was in great hurry the Rope will be cut pretty interesting right that's all for this lesson and this series thank you for listening and we'll see you in another series see you soon hi guys I'm Desiree and today we're gonna do the top 25 Italian phrases that means useful words in Italian ciao hello ciao is the first word and it's a really useful word because you can use that to your friends to say ciao ciao but not to people that you don't really know bonjourno good morning bonjourno that means good morning and you can use it with friends or even with people that you don't know so bonjourno bonjourno and people can even answer to you back ciao that it's okay but use buongiorno with everyone and you will be safe good night so good night you can use it of course in the night but it's a word that we don't really use to people that we don't know so it's like ciao if people say to you ciao to say bye you can answer but just if you know that they're really going to bed otherwise it's good evening so buenasera foreign that means I am you can use it with your nationality so I'm Italian Sono Italian or with your name I am Desiree Sono dizire my name is my name is and you can use that to introduce yourself to people that you may know that you don't know it's okay because it's formal and informant at the same time it's okay yummy what's your name so what's your name nice to meet you you will always use that means how are you but it's something that you use with your friends not really with people that you don't know because in that case it would be something like comesta ETO I'm fine thanks and you Bene that means fine thanks and you por favor please then we have a really useful word that is por favor that means please so you can put it at the end of any phrase and it will give you a nice way of asking even if you don't know how how to say may or can just add per favor and it will help you grazia thank you and to say thank you you will say grazia grazia Prego you're welcome and to answer you're welcome you have Prego so if you ask something and that at the end and then the people will do something you can say grazia and the other one will answer Prego SI yes that means yes of course it's really useful because would you like something to eat see yes no no and if you manage to say no because it's hard to say no to an Italian or bring you some food then you can say no that it's the same Italian and English no Vena okay then we have vabena that means okay so again when people ask you do you want this you can say so it's okay it's cozy excuse me that means excuse me but to people that you don't really know so would be like excuse me do you know where where the station is scuza I'm sorry if you know the people you're talking to you should use skusa that means I'm sorry Kia what time is it that means what time is it you can use it in a formal or informal way it's the same so you can say it's the same where is the station when you want to know where some place is so where is location you will say that is for example the station El Bano may I use the restroom when you need to ask permission for something you will use the word Pozo that means can I so in this case can I use the toilet and I would add please so por favor and the answer will be yes sure see grazia I would like something to eat when you need something you can use the word Beret that means I would like to so I would like to eat I would like to drink I would like to sleep we can go on forever but still worry and then add the verb that you need possible conto can I get the check when you finish to eat and you want to check you can say that means can I have the check and if you want to be more polite you can say possible that means can I have the check please apresto see you soon when you say bye to your friends and you don't really know when you're gonna meet them again you will say apresto that means see you soon see you later if you know that you're gonna meet them later on you can say adopo that means see you later that means where can I eat a pizza if you really want to know where you can eat a good pizza you can add Bon that means good so it will be Dove possumanjare una Bona Pizza of course you cannot use pizza but another type of food that you really want to eat and it would be maybe lasagna or maybe gelato so you can say we learned how to ask how are you and to answer I'm fine thanks but what about if you're not really fine so you can say that means more or less or male that means bad really bad guys that's it for today we finished the top 25 Italian phrases and which one was your favorite one mine is cozy cozy that if you remember means not so well but anyway remember to subscribe 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