Lecture Notes

Introduction

• Welcome to the channel.
• Industrial name: Striver (Check out on LinkedIn, Twitter, Instagram, Telegram).
• Take You Forward: an interview preparation website.

Resources Provided

1. Strivers SD Sheet:
   • 191 well-curated problems to cover all DS algo concepts.
   • Requires basics of DS algo.
2. Strivers A to Z DSA course/sheet:
   • 455 steps with problem links.
   • Videos for each topic.
   • Starting from basics, aimed at beginners and intermediates.

Introduction to Languages

• Choose one language: C++, Java, Python, or JavaScript.
• Previous video covers C++ vs Java (recommended to check out).
• Tools: Visual Studio Code.

C++ Basics

1. Skeleton of C++ Code:
   • Consistent structure: #include, int main(), return 0;.
   • Print example: cout.
2. Libraries:
   • Use #include for different functionalities (e.g., iostream for input/output).
   • One consolidated library: #include <bits/stdc++.h>.
3. Namespace:
   • Use using namespace std for convenience.
   • Otherwise, prepend std:: to functions.

Basic Programming in C++

1. Variable Input & Output:
   • Integer example: int x; cin >> x;.
   • Printing multiple variables together.
2. Data Types:
   • Numeric: int, long, long long, float, double.
   • Characters and Strings: char, string, getline for input.
3. Control Structures:
   • If Statements: Basic conditional execution.
   • Nested if else: For multiple conditions.
   • Switch Statements: An alternative to if for specific cases.
4. Loops:
   • For Loop: For repeating a block of code.
   • While Loop: Similar to for loop but checks condition before execution.
   • Do While Loop: Executes block once before checking the condition.
   • Nested Loops: Loop within a loop for more complex structures.

Introduction to Arrays and Strings

1. Arrays:
   • One-dimensional Arrays: Storing similar data types together.
   • Two-dimensional Arrays: Arrays of arrays (e.g., matrices).
2. Strings:
   • Storing and manipulating sequences of characters.
   • Common functions: length, accessing characters by index.

Functions

1. Why Functions?:
   • Modularize code for better readability and reuse.
2. Types of Functions:
   • Void Functions: Perform a task, do not return a value.
   • Return Functions: Perform a task and return a value.
   • Parameter Functions: Accept parameters for dynamic operations.
   • Pass by Value and Reference: Pass original or copy of value.
3. Inbuilt Functions:
   • Common examples: min(), max().

Conclusion

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• Key focus: Full-fledged Data Structures and Algorithms playlist coming soon.

If you have any doubts, check the resources in the description or follow Striver's social media for updates!