Lesson 4: Bearing and Coordinates

Introduction

• Presented by Mr. Evuem Tubu
• Continuation from direction (Lesson 3)
• Focus on bearing and coordinates

Bearing

• Definition: Measurement of angle between true north line and line joining two places (e.g., A to B).
• Steps to Calculate:
  • Draw a true north line through the starting point (A).
  • Join points A and B with a pencil line.
  • Use a protractor to measure angle from true north (0 degrees) to the line joining A and B.
  • Angle is read clockwise from true north line.

Coordinates

• Purpose: Determine absolute location.
• Components: Latitude and Longitude.

Latitude

• Describes how far north or south a location is from the equator.
• Ranges from 0 degrees at the equator to 90 degrees at poles.
• Lines run horizontally across the map.

Longitude

• Describes how far east or west a location is from the Greenwich Meridian.
• Ranges from 0 to 180 degrees east and west.
• Lines run vertically joining poles.

Degrees, Minutes, and Seconds

• Each degree is divided into 60 minutes.
• Each minute is divided into 60 seconds.
• Latitude and longitude can be expressed in degrees, minutes, seconds, and direction (e.g., North/South for latitude, East/West for longitude).

Example: Cape Town International Airport

• Latitude: 33° 58' 10" S
• Longitude: 18° 5' 50" E

Calculating Coordinates

• Start with latitude, then longitude.
• Use map indices to find degrees, and look at minute and second bars on maps.
• Example provided for a school near Bonella in block B1:
  • Latitude: 29° 15' 28" S
  • Longitude: 13° 57' 30" E
• Use estimation or time 60 rule to estimate seconds.

Important Tips

• Always follow the order: latitude first, then longitude.
• Present in degrees, minutes, seconds, and direction.

Next Steps

• Next lesson will focus on practical activities and practice.
• Importance of practice and self-assessment emphasized.

Conclusion

• Encouragement to practice using self-marking assessment tools.
• Reminder to subscribe for more lessons.