creative work online has been broadly labeled content content content content content content content content content is a state of mind I think the widespread Embrace of the word content actually means something and it's not great this episode is brought to you by nebula where right now you can watch an exclusive bonus video I made in which I rank every hairstyle Tom Cruise has had in all of his movies you may have thought that was just a joke in the last episode but no it's real I made it and it's out now the world has changed I feel it in the Earth I smell it in the air something is coming humble man yet filled with a god-like rage that can only be slaked on the field of online film commentary Emma it's time you don't mean that's right it's happening alert the masses the Horn of Vulcan [Music] thank you must be the content episode [Music] thank you foreign [Music] [Applause] [Music] hello and welcome to today's episode heads up this one is going to be a little different than usual I mean so was last episode about AI filmmaking but this time we are taking that baton and running farther into Uncharted Territory see this is a video that I have been threatening to make for years a topic that I have been stewing over for a very long time and finally the time has come over the past 15 years or so a new word has become a part of our vocabulary well it's technically a word that already existed but it has found a new meaning as the internet particularly YouTube has allowed people to make careers by independently producing and releasing creative work online that work has been broadly labeled content talking about making content create more content consistently post content that quality content snippet worthy content your content content content content content content content content content content content content content and more recently the definition of the word has expanded now content doesn't just apply to internet Media made by independent creators now it applies to traditional media like movies and TV as well our great content is what drives our numbers even more content more original content great context increasing the amount of content content for kids content for families non-fiction content bouquet of content array of content anyone who's ever met me in person or follows me on Twitter knows that I am not a huge fan of this word and I realize that this might sound sort of crazy after all aren't I a content creator don't I literally make content for a living what the hell am I talking about this is all true I do technically make content which does technically make me a content creator but I don't like saying that I have spent years complaining about this to friends who mostly don't care while stuck on that island I tried to write a whole book on the subject except I was writing it in the sand and then the tide came in and washed it all away and other Patrick for all his many flaws felt the same way and even had this important line in his theme song so yeah we are here today to talk about a word I am fully aware that this is a stupid problem it doesn't really matter why am I making such a big deal about it well when it comes to content it's not like I just hate the sound of the word I'm not nitpicking and claiming it's grammatically incorrect my issue is with what I think it represents I think content is a state of mind that can have a much larger cultural effect than you might expect and when it comes to Art and Cinema and the industries around them I think the widespread Embrace of the word content actually means something this word comes pre-loaded with a bunch of implications that we're going to get into but the reason I want to talk about this right now is that my underlying concerns with content are rather the meaning behind it are kind of being shared by Hollywood at this very moment as we speak the writers and actors Guilds of America are both on strike something that hasn't happened since 1960 that's close to 200 000 people who agree with me sort of obviously they're not striking over the word content the way I've threatened to numerous times please don't fire me Dave but they're fighting for better treatment under a system that increasingly devalues creative work now you may be wondering am I taking advantage of an historic labor strike to make a petty point about a pet peeve of mine only a little but if you'll give me the chance I'd like to explain why I think a particular mindset has been so toxic for creativity over the last few years and why these ongoing strikes are a necessary turning point in the content era and once this episode is done I can hopefully stop going to parties and killing the Vibe by yelling about a dumb word I hate while everyone slowly backs away from me instead I can move on to more important issues like figuring out why my audience is 90 male and only 10 percent female and why the vastly male majority refuses to watch a video about Taylor Swift wow Patrick are you telling me most women don't want to watch a 30-something year old white man complain about terminology for media on the internet I know right Emma I am just as shocked as you are anyway here's 5 000 words on why I don't like it when people say a word [Music] take a look at the word itself content c-o-n-t-e-n-t content in the classic confusing style of the English language the word content a noun is spelled exactly the same as the word content an adjective which has a totally different meaning and speaking of that if you're thinking of commenting on this video with something like hey Patrick I guess you're not content with content just don't do it I promise you so many people have made that joke before it hasn't been funny since 2018 so stop it but anyway content the noun is generally used to refer to what is inside a container or some larger hole like we refer to the stuff in this bag as the contents of the bag at the beginning of a book there is a table of contents another well-known usage is in the infamous parental advisory labels on music warning that the album contains explicit content such as in tenacious D's self-titled album here the word content is not referring to the work itself it's not saying the album is content it's saying that within the larger hole there is content inside the album and some of it is apparently explicit such as the track on Tenacious D called hard content is commonly used in discussions of art and literature in the context of form versus content when discussing a piece of art the content refers to what the piece is like the subject being presented and the form is how it is presented the specific process and techniques but let's put all that aside because our discussion for today really starts in 1964 with Marshall mcluhan's book understanding media the extensions of man specifically the first chapter the medium is the message which became so well known that three years later mcluhan expanded that chapter into its own book the chapter is primarily about the ways that electronic mediums like television Cinema and radio have impacted the way art and information are created and processed it gets a little bit dense but here's the part that is important for our conversation mcluhan refers to a medium such as television as an environment or a container and inside of that Medium is what he refers to as content he writes that the content of any medium is always another medium the content of writing is speech just as the written word is the content of print and print is the content of the telegraph he puts this in a very clinical way and for most of the next few decades barely anyone else outside of Academia or media analysis was using the word content this way but here mcluhan establishes a concept that we're going to be using going forward that of the medium and the content contained within so now it's time to get radical as we skip ahead to the mid 90s internet usage was growing rapidly and surfing the World Wide Web was starting to become a part of many people's daily lives in 1996 Bill Gates yes that Bill Gates wrote an Infamous essay entitled content is King here's the opening line content is where I expect much of the real money will be made on the internet Gates goes on to write about how as the internet grows and becomes more widely used a new Marketplace will appear where both individuals and corporations will be able to make money by producing content for the internet using mcluhan's definitions here the internet is the medium and the content is the stuff on the internet which is kind of Broad in the essay Gates himself admits this he writes the definition of content becomes very wide for example computer software is a form of content news also qualifies as content so do as Gates puts it games Entertainment Sports Programming directories classified advertising and online communities devoted to Major interests so literally everything on the internet is content not just creative work every single thing that takes up space there Gates makes references to the idea that original content will be created by both individuals and companies and one day people will actually pay money for it including paying for subscriptions to content providers but let's skip ahead here nearly a decade later in 2004 the Pew internet and American Life project reinforced Gates's ideas when they wrote content Creation in our definition includes creating a website posting material to another website for work family or another organization posting materials to a personal or another person's weblogger online diary it also includes posting photos artwork writing or audio and video files to the World Wide Web to a chat room or discussion or News Group so basically everyone with a blog or a MySpace account you're technically a content creator while the internet did become a platform where people would publish and distribute art and creative work that's not the purpose it was designed for the important thing to remember here is that the internet was built and shaped by tech people and business people and so they were the ones who created the terminology Bill Gates's essay doesn't mention art a single time he describes the potential of content entirely in commercial terms remember literally the first line is content is where I expect much of the real money will be made on the internet during these early Decades of the internet the word content was mostly an Insider industry term used by the executives running the companies what changed things was the platform that you're probably watching this video on right now unless you're watching on nebula which we love to see there's no ads there unlike here where there's going to be an ad right now in 2005 a platform called YouTube came along built on what has become known as user generated content as in all the content on the site was created and uploaded by unpaid independent individuals as we all know YouTube would go on to become the second most visited website in the world after only Google which also owns YouTube as someone who has been uploading videos to the platform for over a decade I can tell you that YouTube's messaging has always been friendly and supportive and in their friendly laid-back messaging they took the term content out of the boardroom and brought it into popular use while YouTube is a platform based around a single medium video over time it started replacing the word video with content your main content is original what type of content you create making great content they're time watching your content when the content goes live we're going to be talking about brand new content the content you're creating they told us we're not video creators we're content creators we're not making videos we're making content three years ago in YouTube Studio page where you can see your Channel's analytics and edit your videos they renamed the videos tab to content and so the prophecy put forth by Bill Gates in 1996 had come to pass a new industry of online content creation had risen from YouTube there came other platforms where creators could build careers like Instagram and new mediums where they could tell stories new containers for people to fill with content before Tick Tock you had the web series Vine and the college humor sketch even Netflix which is now practically synonymous with television In America still occupies that weird space between internet and TV in some parts of the world like India a streaming show is still commonly referred to as a web series and that's where we are today a new world with new rules that you can arguably Trace back to the birth of YouTube which led to the mainstreaming of content but there's a lot more going on here than just the words we use there's the more important matter of what this one word represents and that is why we need to talk about Emma I know I said I wouldn't Patrick no I I need to do it Patrick please I have to use the p word anything but the p word I'm sorry but we need to talk about foreign Patrick please it's not too late to switch back to something less pretentious like Tom Cruise's hairstyles or Days of Thunder Emma yes I hear what you're saying in a Days of Thunder video would be a lot of fun but we gotta table that for now okay we have content to talk about have a little faith in the process anyway over time as YouTube started phasing out the word videos in place of content the larger ideas in their messaging also started to shift they started prioritizing the steady stream of content over individual videos one video doesn't matter what matters is the overall accumulation of videos their official messaging talks about planning all your future content looking back on all the content you made last year everything is encouraging creators to make more to post more often about a decade ago YouTube shifted its algorithm to prioritize watch time over just views so creators started making videos longer the prevailing philosophy is this environment is how you get the grind and hustle culture with people like Gary Vee constantly screaming at you to be making more content all the time it doesn't even seem to matter what it is just post content no individual piece matters it's just the overwhelming tidal wave of content you fling at the internet that will make you successful the number one variable of growing your business in this room is how serious you take making content on the internet the idea here with YouTube's auto play feature just like Twitter and Facebook's infinite scroll is to keep users on the platform forever consuming an endless feed of content the content doesn't need to make a huge impression we just need to keep passively consuming it have you ever tried to take a moment and reflect on something you've just watched on Netflix only to have the end credits instantly minimized in favor of some obnoxious ad for what to watch next that's content baby so okay what is my actual issue here like sure some of the culture around independently producing work for the internet sucks but that's not news but when we return to Bill Gates and his original message that so completely caught on and never went away content as a descriptive term means literally everything which means it's essentially meaningless content is everything on the internet and so it flattens everything and says it's all the same it's saying this philosophy tube video a deeply personal mixture of essay and performance art is the same thing as this tweet I posted about buying a new pair of pants a short film on Vimeo is the same thing as Dwayne Johnson's Instagram reel Shilling for zoa energy drinks if one thing is content it all is this is like say saying a novel is the same thing as a phone call yes they are both on their most basic levels some form of communication but they are not the same medium and we should not treat them the same way but to the executives it is all the same they don't care what the content on their platforms is so long as people are clicking and they're running ads on it and it's generating revenue and the shareholders are happy on YouTube it's us creators who are doing the work and the people who run the platform are encouraging us to make more and more of it so people will stay on their platform longer see the content mindset discourages risk and experimentation the way platforms like YouTube run is that creators are encouraged to find one thing that works one formula or type of video and repeat that over and over again forever if we experiment and try something different we're told that our audience will abandon us it's the same thing with modern studio filmmaking once something hits big Executives will try to recreate that thing over and over again but they won't try to recreate the circumstances that made it unique Barbie has made over a billion dollars but the result is less likely to be more independent voices getting to experiment with big-ip it's just going to be more big-ip hell Mattel already has an entire Cinematic Universe of toy based content in the pipeline which is such a gross way of saying it but it's exactly how things are seen from the top down last year in a panel at the Cannes Film Festival Guillermo del Toro addressed this exact topic when he said there are two pieces of language that enter our lexicon around five six years ago they're horrible content and pipeline which are to describe oil water or sewage whatever it is they don't describe art and Cinema because they talk about an impermanence something that we just flush through and has to keep moving and in my world a beautiful work of audiovisual Storytelling should hold its place next to a noble or a painting mcluhan said that the medium is the message and if the medium is the internet the message I get is that the content there is disposable it's not real art on the internet you're not an artist you're not a filmmaker you're a content creator so let's talk about my work for a second here because this whole thing is very personal to me I care a lot about the work I do and I put honestly probably too much effort into it and every day YouTube is telling me that I'm making content the thing is I really only do one thing professionally I make videos so it's a little weird when people talk to me and refer to my content like sure I post a bunch of stuff online tweets Instagram stories patreon update posts but when people talk about my content they're not referring to any of those they only mean the videos so for instance let's say you hate the content I make there are several ways you could say that with different terms that are way more accurate than content you could say Patrick your videos suck Patrick your show sucks Patrick your channel sucks Patrick your work sucks these are all referring to the same thing so why would you say content it's too vague okay look I'm not demanding that anyone call my videos art or that I need a special category or label and there are plenty of creators who are totally cool with calling their work content and I'm not going to tell them to stop doing that especially when it comes to people who make their living posting daily on platforms like Instagram or Tick Tock what they make is designed to be consumed in a completely different way than what I make six years ago in a video on the PBS idea Channel Mike rugnetta addressed this topic coming at it from a similar place as me and he put forth the idea that the content label also has to do with how we experience something separates it into consumption versus mirror consumption in other words yes we technically are consuming everything but there's the stuff that we fully focus on and engage with and then the stuff we look at more passively like tweets we scroll past are a gaming stream we half watch in the background so the idea Mike proposes is that maybe the stuff that we merely consume is content and if we consume it and actually like focus on it then it's something else this seems like an acceptable definition to me but there's one thing Mike says in this video that has totally changed in the six years since he made it a Corey doctorow or Aziz Ansari it feels strange to call these people content creators even though they too have produced many and varied works not easily corraled under one descriptor why might calling them content creators feel strange people don't tend to label American Gods Dan Brown novels with a new perfume Genius record content but idea channel the babysitters club club and Neil cicerega's work that there is hashtag internet hashtag content okay Emma I gotta get more serious here can you desaturate the colors on it perfect cool I'm gonna put on a tie there we go in 2013 Netflix a company whose business had been primarily based around mail order DVD rentals started producing their own TV shows and over the next several years became one of the biggest Studios in Hollywood competing with the likes of Warner Brothers and Disney their new model of streaming movies and TV over the Internet revolutionized the industry immediately in nearly every Studio followed Netflix's lead launching their own streaming services and also adopting their language see Netflix was a tech company started in Silicon Valley co-founder Reed Hastings came from the world of software development not movie development so they approached this like YouTube and Bill Gates did before them to them a streaming service was just another container on the internet to be filled with content Netflix almost didn't even get into the TV and film business at all co-founder Mark Randolph said that when he and Hastings were starting the company I really only had a single filter I wanted it to be selling something on the Internet and I wanted it to involve personalization before they settled on DVDs they considered having the company sell shampoo or dog food led by Chief content officer Ted sarandos Netflix would publicly refer to everything they made whether a reality dating show or the new Martin Scorsese film as content at Netflix we love to make and show great content content that creates customer joy and the rest of Hollywood followed so you skip ahead a few years and now if you watch an interview with Bob Iger or David zaslov the heads of Disney and Warner Brothers respectively it seems like every other word out of their mouths is content content and it's caught on with the public online people are wishing Kevin Smith a happy birthday by unironically telling him he's their favorite content provider or you'll see a tweet like this which is just insane to me because like these are all the same medium it's not like you have a show and a book and a video game they're all just TV shows why would you call them content and not shows but again the problem here isn't just the change in vocabulary it's the change in ideology I'll admit that from a business perspective content Works fairly well as a catch-all term for the stuff they're making some of it is movies some of it is TV but collectively it's content it's the stuff that fills the space on their subscription streaming service but this is also the issue it's that it boils everything down to entirely business terms it takes art and makes it a product there has always been a tension between art and Commerce in the U.S mainstream Cinema and TV exist almost entirely within the confines of capitalism everything is for profit there are no National Funds for filmmakers the way there are in other countries and the state subsidies mostly benefit major studios in the U.S mainstream art rarely exists without a profit motive to begin with but the rise of streaming and the idea of content made this more over than ever as I mentioned earlier right now both the writer's Guild of America and the Screen Actors Guild are on strike the last time the writers went on strike in 2007 streaming and digital distribution had just started to emerge whether it was iTunes or comedycentral.com but the evolving nature of online videos had already become a key issue for some members of the wga here is writer Howard Gould explaining it on the night before the 2007 strike started I went on nbc.com clicked on the office you can watch entire episodes of 1015 series okay you click on the office what do you get you get a commercial for Fidelity Investments then you watch the cold open and then you get a commercial for Target they are monetizing these episodes already the writers on that show are not getting the typical nice check that you usually get when you're working on a successful series that goes right to the internet they're making money on it we're not making money on those those residuals are going to go from what they are towards zero if we don't make a stand now what Gould is describing is the monetization of online content something anyone who watches YouTube is more than familiar with the way traditional TV has always worked is that whenever an episode of TV airs in reruns the people who worked on that episode get an additional payment which are called residuals it's sort of like how I'll get paid a few cents whenever people watch this video on YouTube but with streaming there are no more reruns so no matter how many times people watch those episodes The Writers aren't getting paid after their original flat rate it's crazy to say this but as an independent Creator on YouTube I actually have a fairer deal in some ways than professional Hollywood writers those residual checks the writers weren't seeing back in 2007 from their shows being aired on network websites they still aren't seeing them now when they write shows that air on Netflix and the companies are keeping their streaming data under lock and key so people don't even have an accurate idea of how much money they're missing out on their work and their efforts are all just being fed into this big opaque sludge it used to be that individual movies or TV shows mattered the studio is wanted to generate interest and make sure people cared about a specific movie so people would go to a movie theater and buy a ticket for it or later on go to a video store and spend a few bucks to rent it or with TV people needed to tune in at a certain time on a certain day to watch a specific show and of course the more people that watched it the more the network could charge companies to run commercials during it but with streaming the individual movies and shows no longer matter people aren't paying for them they're paying for Netflix all that really matters is the larger entity the brand the individual Works have been devalued because to Netflix Disney or whatever company you're talking about it's all the same now to be clear the streaming boom has led to the creation of many genuinely great movies and TV shows made by a broader more diverse collection of artists than ever but because of the way this media in the content era is handled movies like bong Joon Ho's okja or Jane campion's the power of the dog or Steven soderberg's let them all talk they're all just dumped onto a platform into as writer Sonia Soraya called it in Vanity Fair the ocean of content more than a few times Netflix has purchased an acclaimed movie at a film festival like Sundance and then given it an unceremonious streaming release where it was swallowed up and never talked about again a few years ago Lulu Wong director of the farewell talked about how she turns down a huge offer from a streamer to buy the movie because she knew that they wouldn't bother to actually promote it and get people to watch it it would just disappear into the ocean of content we got an offer at Sundance from a24 and also got a much larger double offer from a large streaming platform one thing we sometimes don't talk about with some of these bigger streaming platforms is that you know it's a different business model it's not necessarily about making money back it's about brand they're building their brand and when you're an established filmmaker you are a brand that they want to partner with to help build their own brand but with newer filmmakers newer voices you don't have a brand you need to build that brand and I know now because our film has been in the theaters for four months I I know for a fact that if I took that bigger you know the bigger money that they wouldn't have the energy to put behind someone like me to to build my brand but wait it gets more dystop in a recent New Yorker article Lila bioch a writer who worked on Watchmen and the leftovers is quoted saying what the streamers want most right now is second screen content where you can be on your phone while it's on as I'm told by my co-writer satanth this is something WWE experimented with for a few years before discontinuing in 2015. so to bring back Mike ragneta's terminology this idea of second screen content is mere consumption the streamers aren't looking for art that doubles as content they just want content Patrick aren't you worried this is getting a little a little old man yells at Cloud you know from The Simpsons the joke with Grandpa in the newspaper I don't know what that is but what I was going to say was aren't you worried this episode is going to be all like crotchy old man yelling about the modern state of Cinema no I'm not worried because there's another crotchety old man who's also concerned about this and I am happy to be on his side I'm talking about Marty two years ago Martin Scorsese addressed this very Topic in an essay for Harpers he wrote flash forward to the present day as the art of Cinema is being systematically devalued sidelined demeaned and reduced to its lowest common denominator content as recently as 15 years ago the term content Was Heard only when people were discussing the cinema on a serious level and it was contrasted with and measured against form then gradually it was used more and more by the people who took over media companies most of whom knew nothing about the history of the art form or even cared enough to think that they should content became a business term for all moving images a David lean movie a cat video a Super Bowl commercial a superhero sequel a series episode it was linked of course not to the theatrical experience but to home viewing on the streaming platforms that have come to overtake the movie going experience just as Amazon over to physical stores on the one hand this has been good for filmmakers myself included on the other hand it has created a situation in which everything is presented to the viewer on a Level Playing Field which sounds Democratic but isn't if further viewing is suggested by algorithms based on what you've already seen and the suggestions are based only on subject matter or genre then what does that do to the art of Cinema you know a lot of people online especially Die Hard fans of certain movie franchises gotten mad at Marty about this and claimed he was gatekeeping but he's right now as much as I rail against the word content obviously everyone just no longer using that word is not going to solve the problem of creative work on the internet and elsewhere being delegitimized on one hand it is sort of nice to have a phrase that groups my work together with the latest film by Noah bombach are the latest Sunday night craze on HBO hey we're all together now one big content family but that's not actually how I feel I would love nothing more than for online work and I'll say it just this once content creation to be raised up and taken seriously but instead the content mindset just drags traditional media down into a giant ugly pit and it all becomes this homogeneous goop just waiting to be half-heartedly consumed and discarded content is the word of the executives and if we want to get really extreme about it it's the language of the oppressor and I know how hyperbolic that sounds coming from a white dude who isn't actually oppressed but look at what's happening around us artists in Hollywood are fighting for their livelihoods because to the studios both they and their work are disposable and if the suits had their way they would replace their writers rooms with chat gbt tomorrow and their actors with CGI versions of extras they scanned without informed consent and whose likeness they now own in perpetuity a real thing by the way I guess now people are content too which is just awesome real really cool see if everything has the exact same value which is to say value as a commodity but no cultural or artistic value then nothing really has value at all because you can just throw it away if that happens to be more profitable like last year the 90 million dollar Batgirl movie was canceled and shelved despite being nearly finished because Warner Brothers Discovery decided they would rather receive a tax write down than actually release the movie and let people see it countless other shows have been taken off streaming services since then and treated as tax write-offs with the people who worked on those shows not only being denied residuals but denied anyway to even watch or access the very things they created take the Disney sci-fi Adventure movie crater it cost 50 million dollars to produce it debuted on Disney plus earlier this year and then it was removed just seven weeks later and isn't available anywhere else there's no DVD to rent at a video store it's not in theaters it might as well no longer exist things are pretty dire and despite the recent success of movies like Barbie and Oppenheimer it probably won't get better until the studios give in to the Union's demands and hey Paramount CEO Bob backish recently said we're hopeful that we can solve this as an industry sooner rather than later because we'd all like to get back in the content production business but it's not all doom and gloom I don't know if the strikes will directly benefit me as a guy who makes videos on YouTube but I do know that if they succeed it'll represent a much needed sea change in how we value art and artists and things are actually looking pretty strong on day 95 of the wga strike picketers from both unions showed up in droves at Universal the VFX artists who work for Marvel some of the most exploited people in the industry recently voted to unionize and the pushback is not just limited to the us over in South Korea actors are demanding fairer wages and residuals from Netflix and are demanding the streaming giant meet with their Guild the Korea broadcasting actress Union also back in Hollywood anybody who steps out of line and even comes close to scabbing is usually taken to task online so that's one added benefit of today's strike versus 2007 but it also represents a genuine shift in the way labor is viewed and supported and the way artistic work is seen as something with both intrinsic value and value for the people who created it the studios and streaming platforms and YouTube may say this stuff is just content something to be shoved into a large shapeless sack with a big dollar sign on it but most people and certainly most creators seem to disagree and they're willing to fight for it you could say that they're no longer content with content oh yeah hey Patrick yeah your art sucks thank you so I know I spent a lot of time here today talking about the problems with YouTube and streaming platforms and how they treat creative work like a bunch of gray slop so I get how it might seem a little bit silly if I were to turn around and suddenly say but hey you should still sign up for my streaming service and yet that's uh that's actually what I'm doing here look I don't think online video streaming is inherently bad that would be a crazy opinion and not every streaming service is bad like you don't see me complaining about the Criterion Channel and one of the ones doing it right and one that I am really proud to have been involved with since the start is nebula our sponsor for this episode see most of those problems with YouTube that I complained about earlier how they devalue individual videos and discourage risk and experimentation and want us to make an ever increasing stream of identical content yeah that is not what nebula does see the point of nebula is to encourage creators to take risks and experiment and make those big ambitious wild swings that YouTube doesn't like and they give us funding to do this to make projects like my feature length film at night of the coconut are Abigail Thorns the prince are Maggie mayfish's series unrated which explores the history of sex in movies and would absolutely be demonetized on YouTube and instead of dumping these all into an ocean of content nebula actually promotes them and spotlights them and helps us make them of course nebula also has all of our regular videos with no ads and I am now releasing exclusively on nebula a bonus companion video for every regular episode and so available right now due to popular demand after we mentioned it in the last episode as a joke I have made the video in which I rank Tom Cruise's hair in every movie he's ever appeared in clearly this is the most important work of my career look there are a million cool things about nebula that I could talk about all day but I'm going to wrap things up with this right now if you sign up at the link in the description down there you can get 40 off of an annual plan which comes out to only two dollars and fifty cents per month and unlike some other streaming platforms that money actually benefits the creators signing up actually supports me and so as I have to mention every single time hopefully this support will eventually be enough where I can buy a real desk and not just a plastic table anyway uh that's all for nebula for now and this episode thank you for watching all right that's a wrap man I wasn't sure I'd be able to fit this all into a single video but I think I got all that complaining out of my system Patrick have you seen this but the research packet for the video I mean I skimmed it a little bit but look at the size of this thing who wrote it Brandon Sanderson Patrick this is no time for spot on literary observations according to the information in this packet Cinema is dying it's not just dying it's been murdered spooky updates come in for the hypnology yeah yeah check out my favorite one creaky door witch laugh look we have to focus if Cinema's been murdered who else knows about this well it's all on the internet so probably a lot of people but it's been a long day there's no need to get overly dramatic correct diorama if we want to solve this mystery we have to let cooler heads prevail we wouldn't want to get carried away [Music] [Music] [Music] thank you [Music] [Music] thank you [Music] [Music] [Music] thank you [Music] foreign