Network Communication: Fiber Optics

Introduction

• Fiber Optics: Network communication using light, not electrical signals
• Advantages: No radio frequency interception, long-distance signal transmission, immunity to RF interference

Components of Fiber Optic Cable

• Core: Highly reflective, allows light to bounce through
• Cladding: Low reflective index, prevents light leakage
• Protective Coating: Usually colored, protects the fiber

Connectors

• SC Connector:
  • Contains a light-colored fiber and protective ferrule
  • Allows safe plug and unplug without damaging the fiber

Types of Fiber

• Multimode Fiber:
  • Short-range communication (up to 2 km)
  • Uses LED or inexpensive light sources
  • Larger core, supports multiple light modes
• Single Mode Fiber:
  • Long-distance communication (up to 100 km)
  • Uses lasers for stronger light transmission
  • Smaller core, supports only one light mode
  • More expensive than multimode fiber