hello everybody welcome to magnet brains I am Anisha your English educator how are you all I hope everybody is doing well I am also doing great so let's start with our class 12th book Flamingos first So the first chapter is The Last Lesson by Alphanser Dorrit. So you must be thinking that we are reading the first chapter and the name of the first chapter is The Last Lesson. So what does it mean?
So this means that I will give you a small overview about this chapter that what is in this chapter and why this chapter is called the last lesson. But before that we will read about the author of this chapter that who is the author and what were his thoughts and views which he wrote this chapter and we will read his brief introduction. So who is our author? Alphanser Daudet in 1840-1897. or it is chapter k author and he was born in 1840 and he died in 1897 he was a French novelist Conte wake French novelist a Yanaki French language man novels like a cut it a and short story writer or choti choti short stories be lifted him the last lesson is in is set in the days of the Franco Prussian war in 1872 1871 in which France was defeated by Prussia so you just jump chapter hai the last lesson is mein kiske baar mein padhinge iske is chapter mein padhinge Franco Prussian war ke baar mein yaani ki France aur Prussia ke beech mein ek war hui thi year 1870 se 1871 tag ab ye jo Prussia hai ye us zaman mein Prussia kailaata tha jo ki aaj ke zaman mein kia kailaata hai Germany to Germany ka old name Prussia tha jisko aaj hum Germany kehte hain to France aur Germany between 1870 and 1871 in which the Prussians defeated the French in this story the French districts of Alsace and Lorraine have passed into Prussian hands now because the people of France had lost the war and the Prussians had defeated the French.
France major door districts tape a car Al says or the surata Lauren in the no districts could take over Carlia's had Germany in a yana Prussia in a Hura unka hatham echelon get an s-fugitio no Nick kuch orders the a-t-y-o key France per la goon ethe a bag a hum chapter may as an introduction putting a key kya hua tha or case a chapter may start economic the last lesson para so the last lesson written well fans Daudet narrates about the year 1870 when the Prussian forces under Bismarck attacked and captured France so this chapter is written by Alfonso Daudet this is after 1870 when Prussian forces under Bismarck that is who was leading the army of Prussia Bismarck was leading the army of Prussia they attacked France the French districts and when they attacked France France lost and Prussia won. The French districts of Alsace and Lorraine went into Prussian hands and because of this the two districts of France, Alsace and Lorraine went into Prussian hands. This means they took full control over this. The new Prussian rulers discontinued the teaching of French in the schools of the two districts.
So, now the new ruler of Prussia came up with this rule that the two districts in France, Alsace and Lorraine, there will be no French in them which was their native language, which was their mother tongue. So, they said that in these two districts, that one language will not be taught and instead, Germany will be taught. The French teachers were asked to to leave or Jitney be schools may French teachers they uncoordinated a key up short Jai a kyun kyun ki a French to panani walla volo a Germany per a key to Germany said to say German teachers I'm give us a very cake a core teacher take one hyper alsace case cool may vote a m hamill ya mr. Hamill to the m hamill say he could no longer stay in his old school to up a school thales a smear japa mr. Hamill French para cut the door who are paid for tears French but I ran or abjessi orders I don't go up not school go to work a Jana parrota kuki ma pe French coin a percet up still he gave the last lesson to his students with utmost devotion and since sincerity as ever because Mr. Hamill was studying in that school for last 40 years he had an emotional attachment with the school also he used to live in the school and outside the school he had his own mini garden so he was So he had a different emotional attachment to the school. So when the orders came, with the same sincerity, dedication and devotion that he had been giving for the last 40 years, that day also, the last lesson, the last French class lesson, wo unho ne conduct kiya.
Is wajah se chapter ka naam The Last Lesson padha. Aur ye last lesson kis ka hai? French language ka. Jo French class ka last lesson ta uska hai. Kyuki uske baad waha pe koi French na padh sakta hai, na likh sakta hai, na bolh sakta hai.
Aur na hi kisi school me French padhai jayegi. Instead uski jaga Germany language padhai jayegi. One such student of M. Hamill, France, who dreaded French class and M.
Hamill's iron rod, came to the school that day, thinking he would be punished as he had not learned the lesson on participles. Toh ussi class mein Mr. Hamill ka ek student... who was also a student, his name is Franz. So, he was the kid who was always dreaded by the French class. Why was he dreaded?
Because he didn't like the French language. He didn't like to write and read. So, he was the kid who was always dreaded by the French class. He was always scared of going to Mr. Hamill's class because he didn't like French.
Also, Mr. Hamill was a little strict. He always had an iron rod. He always had an iron stick in his hand and he would punish the kids.
So, he was also scared of his iron rod. So, he was always scared of going to that class and he would avoid going. And on the day of his last lesson, he was always scared of going to that class. because one day before Mr. Hamill gave homework to the students on participles.
Participles is a concept of grammar and French grammar. So, he said that you have to read this and unfortunately, Franz did not read this concept, this topic and that's why he was scared that when I will go to class, I will be scolded and Mr. Hamill will punish me with his iron rod. So, he was very scared that day.
But on reaching school, he found Hamill was not there. Hamill Dress in his fine Sunday clothes and the people of the village sitting quietly on the back benches so just as he france school pocha dara hui haalat me ki oh god ashton mujhe daat padne wali hai main apna homework bhi nahi kya hai jaisa hi wo pocha usne notice kiya ki poora school jo hai bohot shanth hai mr. Hamill chup chap khade hai apne Sunday clothes me Sunday clothes yaane apne best clothes pehne ke wo khade hua hai and unhone dekha ki aaj class me bachcho ke alawa last benches bench bay poor village kids on the district a low gang old Logan was sub low be better who had a book about unusual tech you can class my mission but she oughta take joke a misha shore cut it a what noisy with a classroom lakin was in everybody was silent and still and last benches pay gawke look village kilo be better to do key hundred person unnatural to the class man permission of but she would them it was due to an order from Berlin that was the first day when he realized from the first time that how important French was for him but it was his last lesson in French so yes up to a lot of time Q mr. Hamill can you last listen to Q sub look what chance they are glass benches major glass key last benches use big on valley villages better with it koki Berlin yeah Nick get Berlin kai Germany kakatole yeah well say Berlin say your order I a k a plug up French nahi brah sakti or yeah pay up kobe related to French. That's why Mr. Hamill's last class was full of students from all the villages.
To honor Mr. Hamill and to respect his mother tongue French. Because he could never read or speak. Because till now he didn't give importance to his language. The child Franz was also afraid of reading and writing French. And today when he came to know that this is the last lesson of French, he was very sad.
Why? Because from that day he suddenly realized that my native language, my mother tongue is so important for me. And how today we have to study for the last time and we will have to study the language of another country.
So in this way the name of the chapter was read as the last lesson. So let's begin with the explanation of chapter. Here we will start the explanation of chapter and we will discuss one word, one important meaning. So let's begin. I started for school very late that morning and was in grade.
read of scolding especially because M Hamill had said that he would question us on participles and I did not know the first word about them so Icon a happy I have Franz mr. Hamill car student so yeah we're story narrate car right where he's from a child Franz do I is for the story can I rate it in the book era I came any of school Kelly tell us start here to my late many late children start came already school Kelly bought late house morning and I was in great dread of dread of Yanaki fear of my derma Tassie Mujer mr. Hamill Joe and was cold carrying a and it's lying gay especially kuki mr. Hamill a Mujer Bola ha a good and Pele keep participants the concept of French grammar, why to read it because today they will ask it, they will recite it in front of the whole class. So already he came late for school and secondly France did not read the concept of participles, did not do the homework. He did not even know the first word, that is, he did not even know a word of participles from this concept, so he was very scared.
For a moment I thought of running away and spending the day out or out of those. It was so warm, so bright. So when he was going to school and he was late, what did he think? I work, I don't go to school today and I go out of doors here and there and don't go to school.
So I will be saved from scolding and today I will read the participle so that tomorrow I will tell Mr. Hamill about this topic. But and he also thought that what is outside, outside is very warm and very bright. Now if we talk about India, then the weather of India is so hot outside.
we never go to the city because of the unpleasant weather like dust, dust, etc. So we prefer staying under the fan, cooler and AC at home. But in France, it is always cold.
So that day the weather was very warm in France, very bright, that is the sun was shining very brightly. So after such cold weather, when the weather is a little warm, people go out to get the sunbath, to get the sunlight. because they get worried while staying in cold weather so that day also weather was good, warm and bright so that's why Franz thought that I don't go to school because I am already late and I haven't done my homework and Mr. Hamill will scold me so that's why I roam around here and there and today weather is also very good The birds were chopping at the edge of the woods and in the open field back in the sawmill, the Prussian soldiers were drilling.
So, he is describing the weather, the weather outside, that the birds were chopping at the edge of the woods. Chirp means the sound of birds Sawmill means a factory of cutting wood factory called sawmill. So he is saying that there was an empty field, an empty land where sawmill was there, that was the factory, that was the place where wood cutting was done.
So the Prussian soldiers behind that sawmill, the German soldiers were doing drilling, that means they were doing exercise because it was morning time, soldiers are so disciplined, they do exercise early in the morning and the way they do exercise is different. kuch aur hota hai yeh log drums bajatay hain aur apne pair ko stomp karte hain yaani pair ko zameen pe bhoht zorsor se aise thak matlab maarte hain ya storm karte hain drum bajatay ho is tarike ka army walo ka exercise karne ka tarike hota hai toh aise hi sawmill ke peechay jo Russian soldiers se wo bhi exercise kar rahe the it was all much more tempting than the rule of participles but I had the strength to resist and hurried off to school tempting ka matlab kiya hota hai attracting aur resist ka matlab hota hai to stay away do rehena toh wo kera hai ki ye jo birds thi ye jo itna bright weather tha itna acha mousam hor raha tha also sawmill ke peechay prussian soldiers ko exercise karte we dekhna ye sab bohot tempting tha france ke liya ne bohot attracting tha kyunki uska man toh already school jaane ka jaan kar nahi raha tha kyunki wo already late tha usne participants ka homework bhi nahi kya tha also ye jo weather tha jo mousam tha bohot attracting kar raha tha usko toh usne sucha school nahi jaata hu yahi bahar I will spend my whole day here and there. But he says that I had so much strength and power that I kept myself away from all these attractions and finally decided that no, no, I will do one thing I will go to school and see what happens.
So, such a thought came in Franz's mind but he did not stop he left for school and left quickly because he was getting late. When I passed the town hall, there was a crowd in front of the bulletin board. For the last two years, all our bad news had come from there. The lost battles, the draft, the orders of the commanding officer and I thought to myself without stopping, what can be the matter? matter now so town hall kam atlaka hi town hall yaani ki a government building ek government ki jo building hoti isko town hall kaha jata hai aur bulletin board ko hum kehte unnoticed board for putting up the latest news the bulletin board yaani wo board notice is put on the bulletin board and the latest news of the city or the district is put on the bulletin board.
So that people are informed about the latest news. So as soon as I decided to go to school, I went to school and I crossed a town hall on the way. Outside the town hall, there is a bulletin board where all the latest news came.
And it tells the last two days of France. All the bad news that came from France, came from the notice board. From there, all the bad news came.
For example, France was defeated in the war against Prussia. All the bad news came from the notice board. Like lost battles, drafts, commanding officer's orders.
All those things came from the bulletin board. And when they saw that France was defeated, France saw that there was a crowd outside the boat. So, he thought that there might be some bad news.
What could be the matter? But, France didn't stop there to see all that. Because, he was already late for school.
So, he saw it and left quickly. Because, he wanted to reach school. Then as I hurried by, as fast as I could go, the blacksmith watcher who was there with his apprentice reading the bulletin called after me.
Don't go so fast, bub. You will get to your school in plenty of time. Toh woh keh rahe hai.
France said that I started walking faster and faster and as soon as I started walking, the blacksmith who breaks iron, we call him blacksmith. So, as he saw France going fast, he said to France, don't go fast, bub, you'll get to your school in plenty of time. Don't go so fast, bub. Bub means nickname given to children.
When we call small children with love, we call them bub. So, he said, don't go fast, you'll go fast. And who was the blacksmith standing with? He was standing with his apprentice, i.e. his trainee. He was standing with his apprentice.
who used to stay inside and take training. So he told Franz like this, don't go fast. I thought he was making fun of me and reached M. Hamill's little garden all out of breath.
So he thought, Mr. Franz, he thought that the blacksmith is taking his fun. He said, don't go, don't go, you will reach early. So he thought he was taking his fun. But he didn't listen to him, he went to school early. And finally where did he reach?
He reached M. Hamill's little garden. Mr. Hamill's little garden has reached.
Where is Mr. Hamill's little garden? He has made a small garden just outside the school. So basically he has reached Mr. Hamill's garden.
That means he has reached school. And how did he reach? Out of breath.
That means he was panting. He was breathing very fast. Because he had literally run and came.
And he did not stop anywhere. So while breathing fast, finally he reached his school. Usually when school began, there was a great bustle which could be heard out in the streets, the opening and the closing of desks, the lessons repeated in unison, very loud with our hands over our ears to understand better and the teachers.
great ruler rapping on the table but now it was all still the France care I usually jab bhi mai school jaata hoon to school bhot great basal me hota hai yaani a lot of nows created by many people All the children are making noise in the school. There is a lot of noise. And the noise is so loud that it is heard outside the street. Opening and closing of desks. If you have seen the school benches, the desk is up and down.
So there is a loud noise of the desk. And lessons repeated in unison. Unison means at the same time.
When all the children are singing a lesson together in chorus or rhyme, or some poem Very loud, very fast, with our hands over our ears to understand better. And what did the children do? Because the sound was very fast, they used to use a new, a different way of reading.
What did they do? they can pay up my heart like let it a or what taste is repeat cut it a sentence is yet the Rika had better pussy cheese cool learn canica up convent Galileo and both the data both the data and learn character security a pass pass kuchini sundry of night or boy bro and learn your own then you can learn better in disturbance also what sound comes from school the teachers who hold the ruler and the scale in their hand and they keep wrapping it on the table and striking very hard they hit the table or hit their ruler or scale so all these things all these disturbances and noise always came from school but today as soon as franz reached school there was nothing like that it was all still now. It was very quiet and calm. The whole school was in pin drop silence which was very unusual for France.
I had counted on the commotion to get to my desk without being seen. But of course that day everything had to be quiet as Sunday morning. So France says, counted on means dependent upon.
you depend on something and commotion means noise and confusion which is so much noise in the class, there is a noise, confusion, we call it commotion so France says that I have always depended on this commotion means in the noise of the class and in the disturbance why? because whenever France was late he used to quietly go to his desk and sit in the noise but today it was unusual, everything was very silent it was very quiet and today when France was late, he could not go and sit in the noise because everything was very quiet and today he had to go in front of everyone and face the teacher and which teacher? to Hamill or are just not sure I'm talking just a Sunday morning or Sunday go kota school kuchti o the a but Cheney or the school may teachers new detail what quiet red a to look at a it not quite the just a Sunday morning morning class cool man through the window I saw my classmates already in their places and and Hamill walking up and down with this terrible iron ruler under his arm so Jesse he finally classroom key window ke bahar tak pocha France to send a cup to schedule a class made say what me just up a and Mr. Hamill is walking up and down means he is walking in the class like this and his iron ruler is under his arm so Franz got scared I had to open the door and go in before everybody so Franz had no choice but to open the door and in front of everybody, facing Mr. Hamill This time he couldn't even escape the teacher's eyes. You can imagine how I blushed and how frightened I was.
When he entered, he was feeling very blushed. That means face turned red in color due to shame. When you feel very shameful that I am late and my whole face is turning red.
and he was feeling very frightened and he was blushing and he was frightened very much when he opened the door of the class. But nothing happened. Ma'am Hamill saw me and said very kindly, Go to your place. quickly little France we were beginning without you so she said that it was very strange thing I was so late nothing was said when I entered the class Mr. Hamill said nothing and said go France go and sit in your place quickly our lesson was going to start without you but now you have come so go and sit quickly so today what two unusual things did France see first thing the classroom was noisy And the second unusual thing he saw was that even though he was late, Mr. Hamill didn't punish him with his iron rod, nor did he shout at him. But he said with love and gently that go and sit at your place.
We are just going to start the lesson now. I jumped over the bench and sat down on my desk. So Franz quickly jumped over and sat on his desk.
Not till then when I had got a little over my fright, did I see that our teacher had his beautiful green coat, his frilled shirt and the little black silk cap. all embroidered that he never wore except on inspection and price days. So now France was very scared and quickly went and sat in his seat. And after a while when his fear was a little over, When he got out of his fear, he realized that his teacher Mr. Hamill has worn a beautiful green coat and frilled shirt.
and wearing a black color silk cap all embroidered and the cap is embroidered means work is done on it sequence work is done hand work, thread work is done that he never wore on except inspection of price days so he realized that Mr. Hamill always wears the same clothes twice when there is inspection in school means when people come to check the school or if there is a price distribution day that day he wears the same clothes But today, what is so special that Mr. Hamill is wearing all these clothes? Besides, the whole school seemed so strange and solemn. Solemn means serious.
And one more thing that Franz saw that the whole school was behaving so strange and strange. It was completely silent and silent. It was silent and solemn, meaning it was sitting in the class very quietly.
So, Franz is very serious. he sab dekh ke baht confused tha kyunki he sab cheeze baht ajeeb lag rahi thi baht strange lag rahi thi but the thing that surprised me was surprised me most was to see on the back benches that were always empty the village people sitting quietly like ourselves old horse with his three cornered hat the form mayor the former postmaster and several others beside so it means sorry a jeep or it means I strange cheese okay beach me France cat I just sub says other jeep Joseph say most here as a chassis cheese just name is a surprise cash or The last benches of the class were always empty. Today, some villagers were sitting there.
They were sitting like students. Who were sitting there? Old Hosser was sitting there. Old Hosser means an old person or person of their village. We call him Old Hosser.
He was wearing a three-cornered hat. As you saw in olden times, there was a foreign mystery. people of this type wear three cornered hats. Which have three corners like one, two, three. So, these three cornered hats, the old officer who was sitting on the last bench, a former mayor was sitting, a former postmaster was sitting, and several others besides.
And many old people of the village were sitting. So, why was the word used as former? Because former means they are very old.
Means they are now retired. For example, former mayor ka matlab yeh hota hai ki wo mayor jo ki bohot old hai aur pehle iss jaga ka mayor rahe chuka hai yaane bohot purana old age vyakti jaise hi former postmaster iska matlab yeh hai ki yeh postmaster rahe chuki hai ab retire ho gaya lekin fir bhi aaye hai aur kaafi old hai isi li former word yahan pe use kiya gaya hai so basically jo France tha wo saari cheeze yeh sab dekh kar shocked tha Everybody looked sad and Hosser had brought an old primer thumbed at the edges and he held it open on his knees with his great spectacles lying across the pages. So, what did Franz notice?
That all the... villagers last benches pe baithi hua hai, woh bohot sad hai, bohot dukhi hai. Aur jo hauser tha, woh apne sath ek primer leke aaya tha. Primer yaane ki basic reader of any language. Kisi bhi language ki jo basic reader book hoti hai usko primer kaya.
So, he brought the book of the basic reader of the French language with him. Thumbed at the edges. Thumbed means torn and damaged. That means the book that was brought, the primer that was brought by Hausser, was very old and cracked from the corners and was not in good condition. And Hausser put his big spectacles, his big glasses on the top of his book, on the top of the pages of the primer.
So, who noticed all this? This was noticed and observed by Franz. While I was reading the book, I noticed that the book was not in good condition.
wondering about it all and Hamill mounted his chair and in the same grave and gentle tone which he had used to me said my children this is the last lesson I shall give you so Abby Franz is a Vajaybo gareeb cheesy classman notice career atham was he worked the teacher mr. Hamill a woman a pichet nika Leo chair pe bed gaye aur bahuti grave yaane bahuti serious aur gentle tone me jaisa woh hamesha hi francis tone me baat kia karte the usi tone me unho ne sab ke samne announce kia my dear children this is the last lesson I shall give you or no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no no The order has come from Berlin to teach only German in the schools of Alsace and Lauren. The new master comes tomorrow. And what did Mr. Hamill say?
That Berlin, which is the capital of Prussia, which is the capital of Germany. from there order has come that now in French districts like Alsace and Lauren French will not be taught and basically where they were from they used to live in Alsace so now here French will not be taught Instead, instead of that, German language will be taught. And your new master, new teacher of Germany will join from tomorrow and teach you German. This is your last French lesson. I want to be very attentive.
I want you to be very attentive. So, Mr. Hamill says that this is your last French lesson. And I want you all to be very attentive and listen to today's class and read it.
What a thunderclap these words. words were to me. So, jaise hi Franz ne ye words sune, Mr. Hamill ko bolte hui ki ye unki last French class hai aur kal se koi naya German teacher aega aur unko Germany padayega, uski liye ye baat ek thunder clap ki tara thi. Yani ki shocked ho gaya tha wo, startling with an unexpected. Usne kabhi expect nahi kiya tha ki Mr. Hamill ye baat bolenge, wo shocked ho gaya tha aur thunder clap yani jaise uske upar koi bijli gir gai, itna zyada wo surprise ho gaya, shock ho gaya.
Oh the wretches! was what they had put up on the town hall my last French lesson why I hardly knew how to write so what a wretched and it refers to an unfortunate happening was that okay yeah he were wretched but he yeah he was unfortunate more unlucky but he just bulletin board for lucky with he job miss cool key tariff are at or many the cut up yeah he bad news the domain of car panipa yeah okay to her key a yeah about the town hall me while a guilty or And he says, I mean, Mr. Hamill will take the last French class. That means, this will be my last French class too. Oh God, he says, I hardly know how to write. He says, I don't even know how to write French.
It's a long story. I don't even know how to write a little bit. And French class is being stopped.
Which is his mother tongue, his native language of his country. I should never learn anymore I must stop there then oh how sorry I was for not learning my lessons for seeking birds eggs and going sliding on the Sun though the franz ever up next a shock me get that is coming means that I will not be able to read French anymore means that I will stop here and will never be able to read French again so he says oh god I am feeling so sorry about myself that when I was taught French lessons I never paid attention to my language and I never took my subject seriously. I used to go out to find birds and play with them. And what is Saar? Saar is a river which passes through France.
The river that flows from the side of France is called Saar. So I used to go to Saar river to play, jump and slide. He used to go to see birds eggs, missed classes and never studied seriously. So, now France is feeling regretful about all these things. When he used to study French, he didn't take it seriously.
And today when it is his last lesson, he is very shocked. My books that had seemed such a nuisance a while ago, so heavy to carry, my grammar and my history of the saints were old friends now that I couldn't give up. Nuisance means problem.
burden which is what what bogey lucky a the France kata apne up say so chitae kimi rica tabi jo hamesha mude nuisance in a nonsense lucky tea hamesha boja lucky deep me bari lucky tea with my friend just me many grammar book of the three saints and a santo kibar am a Allah Allah France kid just sent the Saints day unki history kibar my partner koja moja milta ta moja saboteur nuisance like a lot of nonsense like that time or up nice cool back much it's not very a burden a bogey s a bird burden like that I'm with you up Nissa to Volta to me she's a good child a time or you took it away him over realize the correct my old friends and I couldn't give up. I cannot leave them. I can't leave them.
This is my last class. I never studied well. I always studied well.
I always studied well. I always I used to go to the river and pick up birds eggs. I used to do all this and books used to be a nuisance and a burden to me. But these books are my old friends and I can't give up on them. I can't leave these books.
So, all these things were thinking and feeling in France. Because he came to know that today is his last class in French and he was very shocked. And M. Hamill too, the idea that he was going away, that I should never see him again, made me forget all about his ruler and how cranky he was. Cranky means short tempered, who gets angry on every small thing.
France thinks that Mr. Hamel, whom France never liked, whom France was always afraid of, whose rulers and scale used to scare France, all those things are now one. In a single moment, he forgot about France because he thought that Mr. Hamel will always go away and he would never see him again. So, he was thinking that even though he is so cranky, short tempered and always scared of his rulers, he forgot about France because he thought that he would never be able to read French again.
We will never be able to see Hamel again because he will leave from here. poor man it was an honor of this last lesson that he had put on his fine Sunday clothes and now I understand why the old men of the village were sitting there in the back of the room so up so much matter France who get a whole poor man which are a mr. Hamill which I'll enjoy in it miss all on only 40 years on only a school my prior but she'll enjoy in game so I was co France co-summing at a key at sharp would you so much Maya Q no no no Sunday clothes Yankee up Nick best or up the newest Why did he wear his latest and best clothes? Because it is his last class.
And to honor Mr. Hamill, to give respect, all the villagers are sitting on the back benches of our class. Now it was understood why these unusual things were happening in the class. It was because they were sorry too that they had not gone to school more. It was their way of thanking our master for his 40 years of faithful service and showing the respect for the country that was theirs no more. So, one thing is...
reasons samajh mein aage ta France ko ki villagers kyun baite the class mein. Pehla Mr. France ko respect dene ke liye aur dosra kyunki woh log bhot sorry feel kar rahe the, bhot bora feel kar rahe the. Kyuki unho ne kabhi, kyuki yeh gudan ke liye, The old people never went to school. If they had gone to school, they would have learnt French, French, and their mother tongue.
But these people are regretting and feeling sorry that they never went to school. So we don't know anything about their language. And there was another reason why they came.
They came because they wanted to thank Mr. Hamill for providing their service in 40 years. And to respect their country. They were gathered in the classroom in front of Mr. Hamill And that country which is now not theirs Because now it is under the control of Germans Because they had lost to Germans And now they will be run by their own rules So that's why they came in the whole class Who? Villagers First, because they were feeling sorry That they never went to school And they never studied about French Second, because they came to honour Mr. France And they came to honour him respect connect a key 40 years alone a school may have me service the way a faithful service the way a Tisra tank carnet a tonko and chota up the country go respect show can net a joke a monkey naive a cheaty While I was thinking of all this, I heard my name called.
It was my turn to recite. Recite means when you have learned something and you have to say it in front of the audience, you have to present it, that means you are reciting. So, repeat aloud a poem or passage from memory which you have memorized in front of the audience.
France was thinking about all these things and suddenly he announced his name and said that now it is his turn, it is his chance to recite the homework of the participants in front of everyone. What would I not have given to be able to say that dreadful rule for the participle all through very loud and clear and without any mistake dreadful meaning kiya hota hai frightening dara jisse bahut dar lagta ho So now the participants had a chance to speak. France did not do their homework. He did not study. So he is saying that what should I do now?
I don't know. And now I have to follow their dreadful rule of participants ya know Daravni unki ruler say much a derby Nila girl who sotcha ki kaash asa hota ki maine par lia hota kaash asa hota ki mujhe French language bot achche se aari hoti aur ma bina kiffi mistake bina kiffi galti ke ek second me fatt fatt fatt fatt pura recite karna hu pura samane bata du pura participants ka concept sabke samane toh wo basically bot regret feel kar raha tha bot afsoz feel kar raha tha But I got mixed up on the first words and stood there holding on to my desk, my heart beating and not daring to look up. So, up jaisi uski chance aayi bolne ki, usko toh aata ni tha, wo mix up ho gaya, yaane ki wo ek do words. He was confused to read the script. He was looking down, holding his desk.
He was not scared to look up. His heart was beating fast because he was scared. he was not feeling anything. I heard M.
Hamill say to me, I won't scold you little Franz, you must feel bad enough. So when he was standing there ashamed of his own self, Mr. Hamill said, I will not shout at you Franz, you should be ashamed of yourself, you should be ashamed of yourself that you are not understanding your own language, you are not understanding your mother tongue, you are not understanding your own language. ashamed fellow see how it is every day we have said to ourselves bah I have plenty of time I'll learn it tomorrow and now you see where we have come out so mr. Hamill France could both they are sat me sabi kubo today get that see this is what happens every day what we do every day we say that we have a lot of time we will not read it today then we will read it tomorrow not tomorrow and in this way we do our work we keep postponing and we keep on reading our language And now see where we have come out Result, see what result we have got You people did not pay attention to your language Always postpone it And see, today we got an order from Berlin And now they have stopped us from reading our language And now you do not know French because you have always ignored your language Ah, that's a great trouble with Alsace she puts off learning till tomorrow or sadh me mr. Hamill cabal take a yet tomorrow you're thinking a france you to pour a sales for a district I a problem a key koi kisi cheese ko part on ena dhyan data or her cheese kalpe chota yane a janeet alpening a chalo call me person so yeah poori I'll say ski a dick at a some mr. Hamill cat a now those fellows out there will have their right to say to you how is it you prepare to be pretend to be a Frenchman and yet you can neither speak nor write your own language.
So, those fellows ka matlab kya hai? Those fellows ka matlab hai Prussians, yaane German people. To Mr. Hamill kya bolte hai? Mr. Hamill bolte hai, France se bolenge, bolte hai ki, ab dekho, wo log jo hai, jo Germans hai, wo kya bolenge tumse? Wo tumse ye bolenge ki, how is it you pretend to be Frenchman?
So they will say to you that you call yourself Frenchman. How can you speak French when you don't know how to speak or write? You just pretend in front of everyone that we are Frenchmen. That means we belong to France. And you belong but you don't know how to read, write or speak French.
So how did you become Frenchmen? So this is what Mr. Hamel is saying that they will come to you and say this from tomorrow. But you are not the worst, poor little Franz. We've all...
great deal to reproach ourselves with reproach Yanaki blame so mr. Hamill Bolton key France ticket to Mari go to name yeah I'm subcategory approach cannot see a ski is Kajal blame is Kajal is a man since the Your parents were not anxious enough to have you learn. They preferred to put you work on a farm or at the mills so as to have a little more money. money.
So they say that it is not only your fault, it is also your parents'fault that those who never forced you, never emphasized you, never put pressure on you that read your language in French and pay attention. What did they do? They used to put you in the farm, in the fields or in the mills so that you work there and they can earn some extra money or earn some extra money. So they also never put pressure on you, they never told you to read French.
So it is also your parents'fault. Asa Mr. Hamill kerein. And I, I've been to blame also.
Have I not often sent you to water my flowers instead of learning your lessons? Ab Mr. Hamill, bachio ke parents ka sath sath khud ko bhi blame karein. Ketein, main mujhe bhi blame karo. Mere par bhi ilzaam ana chahiye. Kya mainai kai bar tum logon ko apne school ke bahar jo garden bana hua hai, usme jo flowers lage unme paani dalne ke li nahi beja?
Jab tumhare lesson padhne ka time tha, us time maine tumhe flowers karein. water karnik li bhej diya meri bhi to galti hai to basically Mr. Hamill jo hai bachcho ke parents aur khud ko blame kar rahe hai ki sab kisi ko is wakt French nahi aariye and when I wanted to go fishing did I not just give you a holiday then from one thing to another Mr. Hamill went on to talk of the French language to ek cheez aur ke baare mein Mr. Hamill khud ko blame kar rahe hai kya rahe hai kya aisa kabhi nahi hota tha I used to go fishing and I used to tell you that today is holiday and you should go. So who should be blamed here?
They are blaming themselves that it is their fault that I did not send you to water or flowers or fishing. holiday so today you are getting something. So basically they are blaming France, they are blaming everyone, old people who never came to school, they did not study, parents who put the children at work and did not put the effort to study in school and they are blaming themselves that I never gave you a vacation during fishing, never sent you to water during studies, so they are basically blaming everyone and after that they are praising French and France one by one and they are blaming everyone.
and he says saying that it was the most beautiful language in the world the clearest and the most logical and Mr. Hamill says about the French language that French language is the most beautiful language in the world the clearest means this language is called in the clearest way and the most logical language means that this language is used with a lot of logic and a lot of brain and every word is very simple in it sahi meaning nikalta hai. Ab yaha pe agar main Indian hoon toh obviously main boloonge Hindi is the best language in the world, most beautiful language, sabse logical, sabse clearest toh har insan ko apni country ki language best lagti hai. And isi taa Mr. Hamill jo ki aaj bohot zyada emotional the, kyuki unki last class se aur uske baad kabhi bhi French us jaga pe nahi padhai jaayegi, wo apni emotionally ki sab cheeze bol rahe hain ki French is duniya ki sabse beautiful language hai.
sabse clear aur sabse logical language hai. That we misguarded among us and never forget it because when a people are enslaved as long as they hold fast to their language it is as if they had the key to their prison. Ab yeh cheez bachoon aapko bahut dhyan se samajhni hai. Wo kera hai Mr. Hamill is telling everyone, children, villagers, everyone there, that you have to keep your language, French, guarded.
That is, you have to keep it very carefully, maintained, and never forget it. never forget your language never forget when the people are enslaved enslaved means making someone a slave when you make someone a slave so they are saying that if someone is made a slave like Prussians made a slave French people because they lost in war they are saying that when you make someone a slave you know you know you know you know you know you know you know you know you know you know you know He can't teach his mother tongue even after being beaten up because by birth he knows his mother tongue. So he is saying that if you become a slave to someone, then that person will not be able to teach you.
In order to get rid of slavery, you need to use your language. Because your language is the biggest weapon for you. It is the key to get you out of slavery. Your language is your strongest point.
So basically Mr. Hamill is trying to explain this to them. Then he opened a grammar and read us our lesson. I was amazed to see how well I understood.
So, then Mr. Hamill opened his French grammar book and started teaching the children. And France was shocked to see how well he understood the whole lesson. France, who never paid attention to his studies and was never interested in French, suddenly understood everything that Mr. Hamill was teaching in class. All he said seemed so easy, so easy.
I think too that I had never listened it so carefully. And that he had never explained everything with so much patience. So, Franz thinks that whatever Mr. Hamill was teaching, it was so easy.
Wow, it is so easy. I could have studied it so easily earlier. But I never carefully, never carefully I have not read or heard Mr. Hamill's lessons.
So I did not get it. Today I am reading carefully and paying attention to myself. So I am understanding everything.
And today it seems that Mr. Hamill is so patiently, so easily by explaining each topic properly, we are able to read it. padhara hai toh aisa unhone shahad kabhi pehle padhaya hi nahi toh aisa france ko lag raha hai kyunki aaj usko sab kuch samanjh mein aa raha hai it seemed almost as if the poor man wanted to give us all he knew before going away and to put it all into our heads at one stroke at one stroke ka matlab kya hota hai at once in one go ek hi baar mein sab toh france sotra tha ki aisa lag raha hai ki mr hamill aise padhara hai aaj ki unko jitni knowledge thi french topic ke french language ke baar mein He wanted to teach us everything in one go because today was his last lesson and he won't be able to teach us French from tomorrow. So it felt like he wanted to fix everything in one stroke in our mind at once. So he was teaching us so well today. After the grammar, we had a lesson in writing.
And after the reading lesson of grammar, their writing lesson started in grammar. Dad Day M. Hamill had new copies for us, written in a beautiful round hand. France, Ulster, and New York.
France Alsace. So writing ka jib unka lesson start hua French mein toh us din Mr. Hamill saare bachukli nahi copies leke aayi the. Jiske upar bohot beautiful tarike se kya likha France says they look like little flags floating everywhere in the schoolroom hung from the rod at the top of our desks so yeah I got a flag they came to you as a dictated flags of jandia choti choti luck team or Joe flag a France cover which is 30 k so that's my teen colors with a blue white or red as three kissing the France Kara yeah but we'll get a key journey copies like a item mr. Hamill how Marily's Cooper France Alsaise, France Alsaise, and they distributed these copies to all the students in the class. And when these copies were lying on the table, it seemed that everywhere the flags of France were flying and they were hanging everywhere in the class because maybe the flag of France was printed on it.
You ought to have seen how everyone said to work. Ought to, i.e. should have. So here we are saying that you should have seen how everyone was working in class that day. Completely quiet and quietly which never happened in class because class was always noisy. confusion, the sound of shouting, the class used to be very noisy.
But that day, the last lesson, everyone was so serious about their language that it seemed that how quietly, how seriously everyone is reading and writing their lesson. him the only sound was the scratching of the pens over the paper Puri class may pin drop silence are or a the avas needy so if Joe a kawasaki Puri class may what he scratching of the pens can a job paper paper pencil lictio to a scratching kia was at the or sub logic satlik wrote a So, he could hear the scratching sound. So, he was saying that pen drop silencer is just the sound of writing on a pen paper.
That is, it tells how seriously and sincerely the children were doing their work that day. Once some beetles flew in but nobody paid any attention to them. Beetles means a large size insect. A big size insect is called a beetle. This is how it looks.
So it says that once... class make badass a beetle a badass a insect goes karaga atha lakin tubby kissy record any day sublocant in his Lee up me topic a barren male licker a the or will cool week either other the on neither a the case a half sub-lok I hope everybody doing well maybe what buddy I'm or it may achieve at such a least start cutting a hummer if lemming go book a the first chapter a the last lesson was cup art to a garapane part 1 key video the key or get us may I'm the discuss kia kikis say oh then mr. Hamill jyothi unka ik last lesson class me conductor at a just a sorry but she better with a sorry will villages better with a last key benches for volo owner then it clearly mr. Hamill could respect the United because in unka last lesson time Now let's move on and we also studied that how silently, how seriously, how sincerely all the kids were doing the writing concept, the writing work that Mr. Hamill had given. And they were not paying attention to any distractions or any disturbance.
So let's begin with part 2. Once some beetles flew in but nobody paid any attention to them. So when the kids were writing, there was a pin drop silence in the class. voice was not there, it was just the scratching of the pen, that is, when you write with a pencil on the paper, it was coming out.
In between, a beetle, that is, a big insect, a large insect, which looks like this, came into the class. Even then, no child paid attention, did not make any noise, did not make any noise. Not even the littlest ones.
Now, pay attention, children. Not even the littlest ones means pigeons. Now, when we will read the chapter further, we will also talk about pigeons.
So, he is saying that the small pigeons who are sitting on the roof of the school, and making the sound of the pigeons, those littlest ones, the small pigeons, who work right on tracing their fish hooks as if that was French too. So, first of all, you see here, what is this? This is a fishing rod. This is a fishing rod. Fish hook is a hook in a fishing rod.
This is compared with pigeon claws. The pigeon bird's claws look like this. How does it look? Like this fish hook. It is said that the smallest ones are the claws.
fish hook jaisa dikh rahe hain usse kuch scratching sound kar rahi hain. Yaane kuch roof ko, school ki jau chhat hai usko aise aise kar ke kured rahi hain. To jab wo awaz aari thi class me to frans soch raha tha ki aisa lag raha hai ki jo nuki awaz hai.
Humari pen ki likhne ke sath sath ek dusri awaz kya hai pigeons ke cloth se kured ne ki scratch kar ne ki awaz aari hain. To aisa lag raha tha humare sath sath wo bhi likh rahe hain aur french language me hi likh rahe hain. Why they are writing in French language? Because any animal of any country or any place even if it doesn't communicate like us but it understands the language there For example, there is a dog Dog is also there in India, China, Germany Indian dogs understand the Indian language Chinese dogs understand the Chinese language German dogs understand the language of German dogs So, pigeons, birds, particular area ki hoti hai, woh unhi ki language ko samajh thi hai aur communication bhi shahad ushi language mein karti hai. To Franz yahaar pe kera hai ki jab class mein, sirf pen ke scratch hone ki aawaz aari thi, ushi ke sath sath scratching ki kis ki aawaz aari thi, pigeon ke claws ki, to aisa lagna jase hum likh rahe hain, wese wo bhi likh rahi hain aur hamare jase French language mein hi likh rahi hain.
To uske bolne ka matlab ye hai ki hamare sath sath jo animals hai, woh bhi hamari hi language samjhinge. French people, will you forcefully teach them German? You are teaching us forcibly.
Will you teach these animals? So all these thoughts were coming in the mind of France. On the roof the pigeons cooed very low and threw myself and I thought to myself will they make them sing in German even the pigeons cooed kya hota hai cooed yaani ki the sound made by the pigeons doobye pigeons awaaz her voice is called coot like they call coo so all those things so she thought to herself franz will they make them sing in german even the pigeons which are pigeons who are cooing voice was coming out so he is thinking that these Germans are forcibly making us slaves and forcibly making us forget our language and teaching us German language so will you do the same with these pigeons and these animals will you tell them that what you are saying in German and not in French so in this way he is expressing his views that all his thoughts are coming to his mind.
Whenever I looked up from my writing, I saw M. Hamill sitting motionless in his chair and gazing first at one thing, then at another, as if he wanted to fix in his mind just how everything looked in that little school room. Gazing means looking. intently, when you are looking at something very seriously, fix in his mind, store and keep forever, when you are looking at something and making a memory and fixing the whole picture in your mind, So, Franz says that whenever I see him up, I see M. Hamill and what he was doing was gazing at everything.
He was looking at everything, one thing, another thing, the whole classroom. He was looking at everything. And it seemed like he was making an image of everything and fixing it in his mind.
Meaning he was putting all his memories in his mind. And he was looking at everything in that small school room. ki ya hi issi classroom mein unho ne pichle 40 years tak padaya hai aur apni faithful services provide ki hai fancy for 40 years he had been there in the same place with his garden outside the window and his class in front of him just like that toh woh kera hai france kera hai ye fancy ye kitni achchi baate kitni sochne ki baate aur kitni matlab baate jo insan kabhi nahi bhool sakta unhone 40 years tak isi 40 years tak school mein padhaya hai aur wo isi school mein raha karte the school ke bahar unhone apna ek chota sa aisa garden bana diya tha aur unhone 40 years tak sab cheezo ko maintain karke rakhaye apne garden ko vysa hi banake rakhaye jo pichle 40 years tak hai sirf chote mote kuch changes huye hai only the desks and the benches had been worn smooth sirf jo class ke jo desks aur benches hai wo worn smooth ho gaye hai yaane use kar karke thode purane ho gaye hai 40 years se the walnut trees in the garden were taller aur jo walnut tree tha unke garden me jo akhrot ka ped tha wo pichle 40 saal me thoda sa tall ho gaye hai yaane aur grow kar gaye hai and the hop wine that he had planted himself twinned about the windows to the roof twinned means twisted so there is a hop wine which we call bale in Hindi it is found in France so they were saying that the hop wine they had planted on the window in these 40 years, only this change has happened that it has grown a little longer and reached the roof of the school and they had planted this wine themselves it has twinned and twisted like how a bale moves, it has moved to the roof of the school.
How it must have broken his heart to leave it all. Poor man, to hear his sister moving about in the room above, packing the trunks. Trunks means luggage. So, Fran is thinking that the man who has been working in a school for 40 years, lives here, he has built a beautiful garden here, in which he has planted a tree with his own hands. So, he is saying that poor man, for that poor man, it must have been so sad, his heart must have broken, thinking that now I will have to do this.
to leave everything and go from here. Also, the class in which they were sitting, there was a room just above it where Mr. Hamill and his sister used to live. So they were getting all those noises because there was a lot of pin drop silence.
Because his room was full of luggage and his sister was packing her luggage. Because they were going from there. So, he was feeling very sad and bad after hearing all this. For they must have the leave country next day.
Maybe that's why he is packing because the next day he has to leave the country. But he had the courage to hear every word of the people. lesson to the very last. But he had a lot of courage and strength to listen to each and every thing till the end.
He taught each and every lesson to every child. After the writing, we had a lesson in history. Now, first their reading lesson was going on.
Then their writing lesson started in French. Now, related to history, i.e. related to French history, their lesson started. And then the babies...
chanted their baby boo boo abisca matlab kiya hai baby is kamat labi hape kiya hai students aur jaise ki students hoten choti class ke primary ke bachche jo hoten wo ek topic padten jiska naam hai phonetics phonetic sounds and phonetic sounds make a author just a multi a says a be says the see says cool so you can often phonetic sounds with a double year with our a france a page of reading session complete to offer amara exciting session time for our history say related a French history session the fair harmonic phonetics college and start to adjust my sorry students the jinko baby whatever babies they say yeah but it a baby boo boo Yanaki sorry Tom sorry bull leka Tariqa sorry words cookies tariqa se bolan both phonetics k form a secret and a phonetics conca session children's house keyboard down there at the back of the room old horse are at put on his spectacles and holding his primer in both hands spell the letters with them though job he a phonetics car session children's house tab bill go last bench pecan better the old horse area and in K gong except say for an insan was the apne spectacles and a up the church miss the ricketts and the primary language basic reader book was holding in his hand and he was reciting all the phonetic letters with the kids you could see that he too was crying and while saying this he was crying also because now the time to finish the class was passing and the old Hosser was thinking that I should read my language as much as I can and I was like I will speak or emotional honey kiva jesse more Robi Ratha his voice trembled with emotion to the old Hussar's key voice tremble or ete aniki puri shake anika pray to roti roti and it was so funny to hear him that we all wanted to laugh and cry to key old Hussar Robi and reciting phonetics lessons. So, these two voices were coming together. So, all the children were laughing and crying because they were reading their language for the last time. So, there was a mixed emotion in the children. Ah, how well I remember it, that last lesson.
All at once the church clock struck twelve. Then the angelus. So, ab kya ho raha hai? Ab finally wo last lesson khatam ho raha hai. Kyun khatam ho raha hai?
Kyunki ab Franz kera hai ki, haan mujhe yad hai, kaise hamara wo last lesson khatam ho a tha? Lesson kab khatam ho a? Jab church ki clock mein baara bach gaye. Jaisa yaha pe church ki clock hoti hai, yaha pe usme gharhi bani hoi rahiti hai, kis tarike se. As the clock starts ringing, a bell rings and we see that it is 12 o'clock.
So, the church clock was 12 o'clock and a bell started ringing. And also, Angelus. Angelus is a prayer song in the church.
The start is marked by the ringing of a bell. So, as soon as it is 12 o'clock, the prayer song of the church, that is, the song which Christians sing to pray for their prayers, They start singing when it is 12 o'clock and the bell rings. So they found out that the church clock is 12 o'clock. The prayer song of Angelus has started and the bell has started ringing. That means the time to finish the class has passed.
The bell is ringing. At the same moment, the trumpets of the Prussians returning from the drill sounded under our windows. And when the chapter started, it was told that in the morning, a wood-cutting factory was behind the door.
sawmill ki piche jitne bhi Prussian yaani jitne bhi German soldiers hai waha pe drilling karte yaani exercise karte hain aur dhol bajate hua karte hain yaani unka ek alaik tarika hota hai drum bajate hua karte hain so this is their way of exercising to wo kaita hai ki jaisa Angeles start hua ussi wakt ye jo drum ki awas thi ki soldiers ki exercise bhi khata hai They are going back to their house. The sound of the drum stopped at that time. Their windows stopped. Basically, the time to finish the class was over. And Hamill stood up very pale in his chair.
Pale means used to describe a person's face or skin if it has less color than usual. So, as soon as the class was over, Mr. Hamill got up from his chair and his face turned pale. like he turned yellow because he was about to cry and he was feeling very emotional and sad I never saw him look so tall and France says that I have never seen him so tall and tall which means that they are standing straight and stiff and maybe they are controlling their crying also they are feeling very patriotic somewhere that is patriotic feeling of their country that my country will not be able to read this language again so they are standing straight with that proud feeling so why they are feeling proud that they have studied for so many years and they have received so much service and patriotic feeling autism ki feeling unke saandne aarey hai. Aur yeh khade hone ke baad kya bolte hai Mr. Hamill?
Mr. Hamill bolte hai, my friends said he, I, I but something choked him, he could not go on. Jaise hi Mr. Hamill khade hue unne bolna start kia, wo kete hai I, I aur kuch unke gale ko choke karne laga, choke karne laga yaane ki unke itne strong emotions the time ki wo boli nahi paarey tha yaane unne itni Tej roon aara tha aur unka gala chok ho raha tha, bhar raha tha gala ki wo kuch shabd apne muh se nahi nikal pa raha tha. To basically yaha par Mr. Hamill jo hai unne roon aara tha isli wo jo bolna chahte the wo bol bhi nahi paaye. He could not go on aur woh nahi bol paaye jo woh bolna chahte the.
Then he turned to the blackboard, took a piece of chalk and bearing on with all his might, he wrote as large as he could, We will are France. Then he stopped and leaned his head against the wall and without a word. he made a gesture so the book had a way on cook which will not a or Roney kivajah sebo bolni pie to know Nick yeah yeah we're blackboard key to turn away up Nick chalk what I or apneas are in might sorry might any up nice are strange the penis are attack and he wrote on blackboard in big letters Vive la France Long live France Our country should always be alive and prosperous and always stand proudly Long live France he wrote in French Then he put his chalk and he leaned his head against the wall and he put his head on the wall and he leaned his head against the wall he stood up and without a word he made a gesture gesture means a signal a sign from his mouth without saying anything he made a gesture a sign to us with his hand school is dismissed you may leave so he could not say anything because he wanted to cry and could not say anything in front of the kids so he just signaled the kids that school is dismissed the class is over the last lesson was over now you can leave from here I hope everybody is doing well.
I am also very good and very happy. And let's start with such a good thing. Our first chapter which is the last lesson, its summary.
And we will discuss some important questions and answers. So let's begin with the summary. Before starting the summary, I will give you a small overview. About which chapter it is. Chapter is basically about.
This chapter happened at that time when there was a war. Between whom? Between France and Prussians.
Between Prussians. Prussians which is now called Germany Now in this war Prussians defeated the French And because of this Berlin which is the capital of Germany There was an order that the two districts of France Alsace and Lorraine Now French which is their native language Will never be taught there instead Instead of that what will be taught Germany will be taught Just what Germany taught because of this, in all schools and any other place French was stopped also in the same place, in the Alsaise district in France there was a school where a very old school teacher whose name was Mr. Hamill or M. Hamill he used to teach French there and he was teaching for the last 40 years and now because the order had come from Berlin this was his last lesson which he is delivering today with him And his student, whose name is Franz, he is feeling very sad because he never paid attention to his studies and language. And today, when it is his last lesson, he is feeling very sad and regretful that why he never studied anything seriously. And all the villagers have also come to that classroom that day and are sitting on the back benches because they have never paid attention to their studies.
And Because Mr. Hamill who has been given faithful service for 40 years in school They have come to honor him and give him respect And that's it, class ends And with that our chapter also ends In which patriotism and patriotism are being felt So let's begin with the summary This story is narrated by a French boy France. So, who is the narrator of this story? France. And he is a French boy, Mr. Hamill's student.
He is narrating this whole story, that is, he is telling us. He is a lazy but sensitive and likes to play. He is a lazy boy but he is sensitive and emotional.
And he likes to play a lot. He dislikes studying French and hates his teacher, M. Hamill. He doesn't like to study French at all.
And his French teacher, Mr. Hamill, was cool enough to teach him French. wo bhi bhi lakon nahi pasand kyunki usko unse bhot dar lagta hai. After empowering the districts of Alsace and Lorraine in France, Berlin has ordered that German language instead of French be taught in the schools there. To jaise ki maine aapko bataye tha ki war hui thi France and Prussians yaane Germans ke beech me jisme Germans ne defeat kar diya tha, hara diya tha France ko aur unhone Berlin yaane Germany ke capital hai wahan se ek order aagaya ki ab...
Now, the two districts in France, Alsace and Lorraine, what will be taught there? French will be taught instead of, Germany will be taught instead of French. Because of which, Mr. Hamill had his last lesson there today. And from tomorrow, his new master was going to come, who will teach French. It is the last day of their French teacher M.
Hamill who has been there for 40 years. And that is the last lesson of their teacher M. Hamill who has been there for 40 years. He is full of grief now.
nostalgia and patriotism. And because that teacher's last day in school is very grieved, means very sad, nostalgia means everything in the school is flashing, something is remembering in the mind. And that whole patriotism means desh bhakti ki feeling se bhar gaya hai kyunki unki mother tongue ko padhane ke liye ab wahan pe ban kar diya gaya hai.
As a mark of respect to his hard work, the village men also attended his last lesson. Aur Mr. Hamil Kiyo respect dene ke liye jo village ke jitne log the aaj wo bhi unki last class wahan pe attend karne aaye hain. They are sad as they did not learn their mother tongue French in their childhood.
And all these villagers, all these old people, they are also feeling very sad because when they were young, they never wanted to learn their mother tongue French and neither took it seriously. And the result was that today they stopped learning French there. And they are feeling very regretful and very sad about this.
France is shocked to know that it's his last lesson as he does not know French. And as soon as France comes to class, he finds out that today is Mr. Hamill's last French lesson. And after that, he will never be able to learn French in his country.
Hearing this, he is very shocked because he does not know how to write French nor how to speak it, which is his mother tongue. Now suddenly he gets interested in learning and he understands everything taught on that day. Now suddenly France's interest in French language develops and on the last day whatever Mr. Hamill is teaching in the lesson, sabkuch samajh mein aane lagta hai sabkuch bhot easy lagta hai. France feels that it is not possible to take away one's language from a person as it is natural to each being, and may it be the coup to the pigeons or French to the Frenchmen.
So France thinks that how are they? Who are these Germans? That they are forcibly taking away our natural language which we have heard since birth and are forcibly using our own language, the German language and are giving us orders to teach.
So he says that they will make us slaves and make us slaves and teach us our own language. But all the animals here like the peacocks, pigeons, kabootar, jo ki coo karte hain, yaani ki jo ki awaz nikaalte hain. In their own language, the people of that place, who were French people's language, will they forcefully teach them too? So France thinks that it is impossible that we, the French people, Frenchmen, will teach them. language of the other language and you are teaching us another language.
This is impossible. In the same way, you cannot teach a pigeon a language of a pigeon and teach it another language by using another language. He develops an instant liking for the teacher M. Hamill and respects him for the sincerity and hard work. Now, France never liked Mr. Hamill and he never liked to read French language which he used to read.
Also, he was always afraid of his eyes. in rulers emission at the time they cannot Jesse who said but I tell take a mr. France mr. Hamill key last last class I'm suddenly suddenly a chance of key liking us keep it cha or us kiosk either liking it the person they French language He started liking Mr. Hamill too. So basically he was shocked and now he is realizing what he missed in studying.
He didn't give importance to his language. That's why he is liking French too. And the French teacher Mr. Hamill who he didn't like before, he started liking him too on the last day.
He feels sad at departing from him and is ashamed for not being able to recite the lesson of participles. Now, one day before the last lesson, Mr. Hamill gave homework to all the students that participles, i.e. this topic of French grammar. and recite it in front of everyone. But Franz did not pay attention to his studies and did not read this topic. So when Franz was told by Mr. Hamill to recite this topic in front of everyone, he was feeling very ashamed and sad that he did not know the topic of participles and he did not know anything because he never paid attention to his studies and never took his language seriously.
Aur usko saath hi saath depart hone mein, yaane Mr. Hamill se bichhandne mein dukh bhi ho raha hai. M. Hamill tells them that they all are at fault for not being eager enough to learn.
Putting it off to the next day, he blames himself for not teaching them sincerely. To Mr. Hamill, jab... France is asked about the topic of participants and he is unable to tell anything.
So Mr. Hamil says that your mistake is not France, it is the whole of Alsace, that is the whole mistake of that place which is the next to everything. They postpone the next day. They will study tomorrow or the day after tomorrow.
It is not only your fault. It is also the fault of your parents. They never paid attention to you. They never insisted on focusing on your studies.
Instead, they put you on a farm or a farm. So that they can earn more money. They made you work on a farm or a farm.
Also, it is my fault. Because sometimes I told you that I have a small garden outside my school. Go there and water the flowers. Or water the plants. Or water the flowers.
I should have taught you at that time. Sometimes I had to go fishing, so I gave you a leave, which I should not have given. So basically Mr. Hamill is blaming France, blaming all the children, his parents and himself. We are all responsible for postponing things and not making our language important.
His patriotism is reflected in his praise for the French language as being the most beautiful and most logical language in the world. And all this because he was filled with patriotism and was very emotional. He tells the class to guard their language as being close to the teacher. to one's language is the key to escape from the prison of slavery it will help them in getting free from Germans also more a solution we take a job in sorry but you course are a logo go happy go get the heck a up me language called guard girl Yanaki some hall care of course and Joker of course koki agar to make Germans kick Goulam is safe on ke Goulam eke jail say prison say agar free on a chutka rapana a toe a key tala key chabi a tomorrow possible hey language French language will look to say will amicare k kujh bhi karva sakte hai tome kujh bhi sikha sakte hai lekin agar tumhe tumhari language aati hai toh wo tumhe tumse tumhari language bhulwaan hi sakte hai kujh bhi sikha sakte hai lekin aati hui cheez ko bhulwaan hi paayenge yaani ki yeh ni bolenge ki bhul jao kyunki wo possibly nahi hai So if you all want to come together in unity, then you all guard your language, read your language, understand it, grow in it.
Because that is the key to the lock that can get you out of the prison of slavery of the Germans. They realized the importance of learning their mother tongue and that they have been defeated by the Germans because of their illiteracy. And after that, everyone realized the importance of their language, their mother tongue, their mother tongue. If they knew their mother tongue, they would have communicated better with each other They would have made better plans And they would have won the war with the Germans And their illiteracy, because they are illiterate and they don't know how to write their own language This is the reason why they lost the war with the Germans So I hope you understood this summary very well because now we are going to discuss some important questions and answers of this chapter. So let's begin with our first question.
Our first question is, the people in this story suddenly realize how precious their life is. languages to them. What shows you this? Why does this happen?
So, the people in the story, suddenly start considering their language precious. What are the things that you see in the chapter that make you see this? Why does this happen? And why is it that people were not giving importance to their language at first And suddenly they started giving importance on the last day So we have to explain that So let's start explaining the first answer When the village men realized that their mother tongue, French, will no longer be taught to them They realized its importance So as soon as the villagers of the village came to know that their mother tongue, their mother tongue Will never be taught Because the order has come from Berlin Instead they will have to learn German They will have to learn German So, they suddenly started to feel the importance of their language that now we will never have to read our own language. Suddenly, they develop an inclination towards learning.
And their inclination, i.e. their inclination, i.e. they have bent towards the French language, that now we have to learn everything quickly in French, we have to understand. Suddenly, whatever Mr. Hamill was teaching them, they started understanding one thing and everything started looking very easy. They attend the last lesson of French, bring their old taunt primers to learn the language, which shows their eagerness. So, all the people of the village, who have become old, the time when they have learned the language, They regret putting off learning French to the next day. They regret not having studied French for the next day.
postponed kiya ki chalo aaj ni padte hain, kal padenge, kal nahin, parso padenge. Now finally the last lesson has arrived and they cannot read their own language aur aap finally poori unki zindagi nikal gayi, saare bachon ki poora precious time nikal gayi aur aap wo last lesson aa gaya ki aaj hi French ka wo lesson padaya jayenge aur uski baad kabhi French language unki country mein nahin. So, what is happening to them?
They are realizing that they don't know their own language. They have spent their whole life and they don't know how to speak, write or read in their own mother tongue. So, they were feeling a lot of regret. They are ashamed of themselves and realizing that they are not good enough. realize that Germans have overpowered them what never about ashamed feel Karen a particularly but sharp knock feel Karen he he he language nary or only realize that you may so scared a German stay on only on top or overpower Kiana and you up on to pervert Harvey over here and over power could be on a on top rule carnal again Q garland a due to the lack of knowing their own language or see car is in a key reason a tunic hood key language me ati just give a say you Germans a won't you per powerful So, you should be able to write, read and speak your mother tongue very well.
No matter how many languages we have in our secondary language, we should be able to understand the roots of our language. Let's discuss our second question. France thinks, will they make them sing in German? Even the pigeons. What could this mean?
So France thinks, will they make them sing in German? Will they teach pigeons to sing in German? Which animals sing in their own language.
Will they do the same with pigeons? What could this mean? So what does this statement mean? So France is disheartened when he comes to know that he can no longer learn his language French So France is very disheartened, his heart breaks, he literally comes in shock Like he will not be able to read his mother tongue French. Their district has been captured by Germany and now German will be taught to them.
So, the district of Germany was captured by German people. capture Caliata Yanaki was a volo girl carrying or more up a German play Jackie France feels that mother tongue comes to a person naturally he is born with it and no one can snatch it away so for Joe France I will you feel cut like a geometry mother tongue with you do a Mary Mottra basha the job I'm pedony or the arm up me mother came home me hotel paid me okay top say I'm was soon to a R.i.p or here I'm a real natural language I say I'm sick which he needs a car the bird is the hum-cuckoo toke a Mario percuit listening new language ko thopke, hume ye language bhulwaa ke wo language nahi sikha sakta. Jaise Germans. Just like the pigeons make the coo sound irrespective of their country from which they are.
Similarly human beings also communicate in their mother tongue. Jaise ki pigeons jo kabootar hota hai, wo apna coo sound jo unka sound hota hai wo nikaalte hai irrespective of the country. in which country they are in.
If a pigeon is in India, it will also say coo. If a pigeon is in China, it will also say coo. If a pigeon is in Germany, it will also say coo.
So, like a pigeon is in a place, I mean, the place where the animal is, if it is speaking its own language according to the country, then we are human beings, we are humans, we will also communicate in our mother tongue. Just like these animals communicate in their own language, similarly, the place where we humans live, we will communicate from that place. That is our mother tongue and no one can snatch it from us.
This is what France thinks. As the Germans are trying to impose their language on the French, So similarly France feels that they will teach the pigeons also coo in German language. So France thinks that the Germans are imposing their language on us and teaching us German.
So will they do the same with the pigeons and animals? Will they teach the coo language to Germany? Will they also make them slaves like us?
He has given this example to highlight the differences between German and Germanic language. this is this point that language is a natural mode of communication and it cannot be imposed so yeah pigeon well example the key France name yes I'm Johnny key cautious career it just language may hum bad curtain more amara mode of communication a and a boy communication to omni but once a see cow a head or hum is is cos unto a boy to a buddy way or yes or you have a coin pose me car sector and a hamper who's about the state hope Lisa so as example say a meaning time Third question, how did France react to the declaration that it was their last French lesson? As soon as France got to know that today is their last French lesson and after today Mr. Hamill will also leave from here who is their French teacher. French language instead of German language So in this situation what was France reaction? So France was shocked and sad He was shocked and sad when he heard this news Suddenly he developed a liking for his his language was suddenly a plea language his language and a plea language French clear liking start to be person start to be the person currently like a jokey Pele kabi person me carter Tom and he was keen to learn French keen Yanaki boo eager it took oh yeah que busco French seek me he was remorseful remorseful animals both sorry feel carata for not learning well in the past you keep a lay past me us make a be a plea language with Nadia and Deanna para the sleepers bark is skillable sorry feel carata jesse say but chala ki ab aage French po nahi pad paenge and that is teacher M Hamill would go away aur isli bhi wo boht sorry feel kar raha tha ki jo iske French teacher hai Mr. Hamill wo bhi ya se chale jayenge jinko wo hamesha se na pasand karta tha so this was the reaction of Franz when he got to know ki ab uska French ka last lesson aur wo apni madhatang ko dubara kabhi nahi pad paega So children this was all about our summary and question and answers.
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