Key Battles in Prophet Muhammad's Life

Bismillah, alhamdulillah, wa salatu wasalamu ala rasulullah, wa ala alihi wa sahbihi, ma wala amma ba'd. Assalamu alaikum wa rahmatullah. Second year of Hijrah was the Battle of Badr. Third year was Uhud. Fifth year was the Battle of Al-Khandaq. Five was Khandaq. Sixth year was Hudaybiyah, the Treaty of Hudaybiyah. Hudaybiyah. And you have in the eighth year. Eighth year was conquest of Mecca. Was conquest Mecca. Tenth year was like farewell Hajj, and death of the Prophet ﷺ was a few months after that. Very soon after that. So as you can see, in the short amount of time, there was a lot of things happening, right? Badr, Ahad. Khanda, Hudaybiyah, conquest of Mecca. There are other battles there that I'm not going to be, battle of, for example, Khaybar and so on, we're not going to be speaking too much about, but also there are other battles there. Why were they fighting in the battles? Some of these earlier battles, like the battle of Badr for example the intention wasn't to go out to the plains of Badr to fight in a battle that wasn't the intention even it just happened that the Meccans had come with an army and then a battle took place but then it escalated after that and so on purpose of the battles number one is freedom of religion if the Mushrikeen were in charge which was the case in Mecca they were in charge and they were not allowing people to to believe in what they wanted to believe in. So these battles are giving people the freedom to choose for themselves and not being forced to accept this or that, but they would have the ability to choose for themselves. Secondly, number two, purpose of the battles is protections of homes of worship. Protections of homes of worship. As Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala says, وَلَوْ لَا دَفْرُ اللَّهِ النَّاسَ بَعْضَهُمْ بِبَعْضٍ لَهُدِّمَتْ صَوَامِعُ وَبِعْهُمْ وَصَلَوَاتُهُمْ وَمَسَاجِدُ that Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala would push some people away with others, that there would be many, and Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala says, synagogues and churches and all of these places where Allah's name is mentioned, that they would have been destroyed. Meaning the people would have no freedom of religion, no purpose, no protection of the homes of worship. Number three, لِتَكُونَ كَرِمَةَ اللَّهِ هِيَ الْعُلِيَةَ So that the statement, the word of Allah would be the highest. And so they asked the Prophet ﷺ, there's many reasons people would go out for battle. Some people would go out to show off, like their courage, poetry about like Arab fathers and so on and so forth. Some people would go out to the battle for patriotism. They want to defend their country and so on. Other people go out because of the war spoils. They're like bounty hunters and you know what I mean, like mercenary people that just go out for the money. And then they asked the Prophet ﷺ, which of these is in the path of Allah? Which is this, like jihad for the sake of Allah? And the Prophet ﷺ said, مَنْ قَاتَلَ لِتَكُونَ كَلِمَةُ اللَّهِ He said, whoever fights so that the word of Allah is the highest, then he is the one who is truly in the path of Allah. Alright, so there's another word, there's this thing called, Okay, two words, I want to write that down too. In the terminology that they use, Ghazwa is something that the Prophet ﷺ participated in. And Saria is... is a military expedition that the Prophet ﷺ was not involved in. Like he wasn't there. As-Sariyyah, how many took place in these 10 years? There was no fighting before the Hijrah to Medina. None of the Muslims had fought in a battle. It was after the Hijrah to Medina, that's when they started defending and offensive as well. There were 38, 38 As-Sariyyah. 38 As-Sariyyah, which is like these military expeditions that the Prophet ﷺ was not there. 38 and the Ghazawat right, the Ghazwa there were 27 27, so we're talking about some of the major ones that happened like major battles took place but all together they were 27 times that the Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam left Medina in this 10 year period, Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam the Muslims, how many fighters did they have in Medina? they did a census you guys have census right here? they did a census in Medina and it came out that they had 1,500 fighters. All the people who were able to fight were 1,500 in Medina. And that actually made the people of Medina very excited. They said, if we have 1,500 fighters, Mashallah, that's awesome. So it was like hand-to-hand combat. The Battle of Badr, it has other names. Battle of Badr. We're now beginning with the Battle of Badr. Second year of history. Battle of Badr has some other names. One of the names is Al-Uthma. Number two is Badr Al-Qital. Number three, Yawm Al-Furqan. So three names of the Battle of Badr, Al-Uthma, Badr al-Qital, and Yawm al-Furqan. So the Battle of Badr, someone actually asked a question last week about that the Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam was cutting off caravans. or they say ambushing caravans, and someone might think that, oh, you know, how can the Muslims ambush caravans, and so on and so forth. The caravans would go up to Hashem, right? So from Mecca, here's Mecca, Hashem is north, and Yemen is south. So when the Meccan caravans would go up to Hashem, they'd have to pass through like the Medina area, right? And in this area, you have Bedr. Bedr is here, it's about an hour from Medina by car. About an hour from Medina by car. So when they're going up to Hashem, the Prophet The opportunity for the Muslims To regain back That which rightfully belonged to them Okay, so now, let's just imagine This is a time of war And a lot of times when people think of Oh, you know, cutting off caravans and so on You might think of it during a time of peace Of which cutting off caravans Is obviously haram Right? It's obviously haram So it's like you put on the wrong glasses It's a time of war of war, put on the war glasses. And once you see the war, at times of war, they're oppressing the Muslims. They've kicked them out of their homes. They give you an example of Suhaib al-Rumi. Under what right did they take his wealth? For what right? They had no right. But they're like, we're not going to let you go with your money. And so he's like, just take it, right? And they stole his money. So all these Muslims, they're just trying to escape from the people of Mecca so that they can worship Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala. And they left their homes, they left their property. That property was usurped and taken by Quraysh. Right? Quraysh, without any haq, without any right, took this away from them. And now the Muslims, even the words of the Prophet ﷺ is like, take back what rightfully belongs to you. And it was optional as well. It was optional. Those who wanted to go back and take that which rightfully belonged to them. So there was a small group of Muslims that were going to cut off that caravan of that which rightfully belonged to them. And as well, it's a time of war. It's a time of war. It's not a time of peace. That's why you see the Treaty of Hudaybiyah. That's when the peace treaty is written. And the Treaty of Hudaybiyah. Before this, this is war time. And so the Muslims went out to cut off the caravan. The Quraysh, they're coming back from Hasham with their caravan and they got word that the Muslims were coming. Right? You know, they have scouts and so on and so forth. They found out Abu Sufyan took the caravan, they avoided the Muslims and went to Mecca and returned back with an army ready to fight. So in this verse you'll see Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala says وَإِذْ يَعِدُكُمُ اللَّهُ إِحْدَى الطَّائِفَتَيْنِ أَنَّهَا لَكُمْ وَتَوَدُّونَ وَتَوَدُّونَ أَنَّ غَيْرَ ذَاتِ الشَّوْكَةِ تَكُونُ لَكُمْ وَيُرِيدُ اللَّهُ وَيُرِيدُ اللَّهُ أَنْ يُحِقَّ الْحَقَّ بِكَلِمَانِ وَيَقُطَعَ دَابِرَ الْكَافِنِينَ Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala promised them one of two groups. That either they would cut off the caravan. The caravan is, you know, they're like, it's a business. It might have some people protecting it, but it's not an army. Or they would be going out and facing an army. And Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala says, وَتَوَدُّونَ أَنَّا غَيْرَ ذَاتِ الشَّوْكَةِ And you wish that the one without strength, i.e. the one without power, the caravan would be yours. So now it's like, would you rather fight a caravan or would you rather fight an army that was like five times bigger than you? And so Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala said that they wished that it would be the caravan. But soon they were waiting there, waiting there for the caravan and then they realized that the caravan had passed them. They had gone to Mecca and the caravan had been saved. The whole goal Abu Sufyan is trying to do is save the caravan, right? The caravan. has arrived in Mecca and it's safe. Mission accomplished. But what did they do in Mecca now? Now their ego inflamed. They're like, how dare the Muslims do this to us? Who do they think they are? And so everybody started encouraging each other in Mecca to go out and kill the Prophet ﷺ. To go out to Badr and fight them. وَيُرِيدُ اللَّهُ أَن يُحِقَّ الْحَقَّ بِكَرِيمَاتِهِ وَيَقْطَعَ ذَابِرَ الْكَافِرِينَ That Allah desired, that even though the Muslims had desired the character The one without strength, that Allah desired that the truth of Islam be established and recognizes the truth by his degree as he predestined and that the roots of the disbelief be cut. So that was Badr. The Muslims had in... better 320 fighters 319 fighters 319 fighters and they weren't expecting to fight so they're not really geared up with the full armor that's needed in battle they don't have the same amount of like weapons and so on and so forth. And they're not truly prepared to fight an army. In Mecca, Abu Sufyan and so on, they came back with 1,000 fighters. So three times the number of Muslims. They came back with 1,000 fighters, 200 horse fighters. And the Muslims, I think, had like one horse or so on. Don't quote me on that. But they weren't really on horses. The difference between a horse fighter and an infantry, the horse is on higher up. And if the person can gallop through an area, he can just... just swing by and hit people with this sword, hit people with a spear and so on and so forth. That is the horse fighter. And that's why they'll mention there was this many horse fighters and so on and so forth, because it's an advantage to the army. All the people from Mecca, they left out, they left to go to Bedr, especially like the aristocrats, aristocrats of Mecca, they would have to go out in these battles because it's a shame in these tribes that they live on battles, right? They live on battles. and when a battle's going on, it's not, you know, the way it is today. They send out all the weak to go and fight the battles. And the aristocrats sit at home, basically. You guys know how that is, right? In those days, in order to maintain aristocrat status, you're going out for the battles. Right? The aristocrats and the high nobility and so on and so forth, they're at the battles and, you know, and they're showing off at the battles and so on and so forth. It wasn't that you would have their emir or their... their chief or so on, like we said, they chose the most courageous of them. So if the courageous of them decides every time there's a battle, he's going to stay home and sit in his castle and so on and whatnot, then that's not going to be the leader. It's not going to be the leader. When the people of Mecca went out, when they went out for the battle or they wanted to go out, they had a tribe that they frequently used to fight with. And that tribe was Banu Bakr. So Banu Bakr is a tribe that they frequently used to fight with. to fight with. And now they were afraid if they went out from Mecca to go out for this battle, that Banu Bakr would come and attack them. So, shaitan came to them in the form of Suraqa ibn Malik. Suraqa ibn Malik was a very, like, aristocrat person and big chief and so on and so forth. We spoke earlier about Suraqa. Shaitan came to them in that form and encouraged the people of Mecca to go out as well. Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala said, says this in the Quran, وَإِذْ زَيَّنَ لَهُمُ الشَّيْطَانُ أَعْمَالَهُمْ When shaitan beautified their deeds for them. So shaitan doesn't force anybody, but shaitan beautifies it. Where a person starts, if you've ever tried, you're thinking of committing a sin, or not, should I do it? And then you start to have this enlightened discussion in your mind of why this sin is good. So example, someone wants to deal with riba, right? And they're like, oh, but if I don't do this deal, I won't get such and such a contract and then this contract will go to the Jews or it'll go to these people And so I have to you know, and all this it's beautified in your mind That is a discussion you and shaytan are having together All right, it's the beautification of sin did shaytan force someone to take it about no But shaytan would beautify it for a person and that's like these whispers And so shaytan, this is what he does And shaytan said to them وَقَالَ لَا غَالِبَ لَكُمُ الْيَوْمَ مِنَ النَّاسِ That there's nobody that can beat you. There's nobody that can beat you. Which is the inflaming of the ego, right? Nobody can beat you. You're the man, you're the one, you're Quraysh. How dare he does this to you? Who does he think he is? Trying to cut off your caravans and so on. وَقَالَ لَا غَالِبَ لَكُمُ الْيَوْمَ مِنَ النَّاسِ But now they're afraid Banu Bakr is going to attack them. And Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala says, وَإِنِّي جَارٌ لَكُمْ What did we say? What was Jawar? Jewar mean? Who knows? Jewar? Yes? Okay, so Jewar is protection. Can the sisters get a point for that too? Jewar is protection. And a bag of crisps as well. So shaitan is saying to them, He's saying that don't worry, go off for the battle, I will protect you. Like shaitan in the form of suraqa. And then Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala says, فَلَمَّ تَرَأَتْ الْجَمَعَانِ قَالَ إِنِّي بَرِيءٌ مِّنْكُمْ أَنْتَمْ When the two armies did connect, Then shaytan said to them, إِنِّي بَرِئٌ مِّنْكُمْ I have nothing to do with you people. And he said, I have nothing to do with you people. إِنِّي أَرَىٰ مَا لَا تَرَوْنَ I see what you don't see. What does he see? He sees the angels descending. An army of angels coming to fight. He said, إِنِّي أَرَىٰ مَا لَا تَرَوْنَ He said, I fear Allah. And he abandoned them in the battle of Badr and he took off. The Liwa'a is something that you... Actually, the Maghrib cup is called the Liwa'a cup. The Liwa'a is... you have different flags on the battlefield. You have the white flag and you have the black flag. So there's a white flag and there's a black flag. The white flag has لَا إِلَٰهَ لَا مُحَمَّدُ رَسُولُ الله written with black letters and you have a black flag with لَا إِلَٰهَ لَا مُحَمَّدُ رَسُولُ الله written in white letters. The white one is called the liwaa, and the black one is called a raya. Raya. Anybody named raya here? Raya? No, raya means flag. And liwaa means flag. But there's a difference between the two. If they say the liwaa was given to so-and-so, that means the leader gets the liwaa, and the smaller divisions get raya. The Liwa is given to the leader, so they'll say like, when the Prophet ﷺ died, Abu Bakr initiated 12 or 11 Liwa, meaning he gave like 12 flags, these white flags, to 12 different people. Khalid ibn al-Walid, Akrim ibn Jah. All these people had these flags, right? And then underneath the white flag are divisions inside the army and they have a black flag with them. They have like, so this would be tribe so-and-so and tribe so-and-so and tribe so-and-so. smaller tribes underneath the bigger white flag. And then in the battle, the other army would also have a flag like that. And when their flag goes down, that means they're losing. Or if the flag is backing up, that means they're retreating. Or if it's moving forward, the whole army on a plane can see whether they're winning or they're losing based on the status of the flag. And it was a great honor to be given the flag. The flag in the Battle of Badr was given to Mus'hab ibn Umair radiallahu ta'ala anhum. And to the Ansar It was given to Sa'd ibn Mu'adh The Ansar They had promised to defend the Prophet As they would defend their wives and their children There's a problem here in the Battle of Badr though What's the problem? Who knows the problem? Who knows the problem? What I said was They had promised to defend the Prophet Like they would defend their families and their children And But there's a problem with the battle of Bedr here. There's a problem with the battle of Bedr. Yes, sister? There you go. That's the correct answer. Sisters, is it tied now or are they up? They're one up. Okay, the answer is this. The agreement with the prophets that Elias and them was to defend in Medina. were not in the agreement to leave Medina and defend the Prophet ﷺ. That was the problem. So it wasn't an offense. That wasn't really the issue. The issue was their agreement is in Medina. It's not for outside of Medina. Medina. It doesn't apply. Once you leave the borders of Medina, it doesn't apply anymore. The treaty with the Prophet ﷺ. Do you understand? This is what the problem was. The Prophet ﷺ could have forced them to say, hey, defend me. They didn't agree to that. But this is what the Prophet ﷺ did. He stood up amongst the companions, radiallahu anhum, and he's saying, do shura with me. And so, they're agreeing. You know, Abu Bakr radiallahu anhum is saying, you know, we'll be with you, ya Rasulullah. And Umar radiallahu anhum is saying, the muhajireen are saying, and he's like, ashiru alayhi give me some shura, what should we do? He's not telling them, if he tells them they'll do it, but they didn't agree to it. And so the Prophet ﷺ let them come to their conclusion. Sa'ad ibn Mu'adh radiallahu anhu, there's two quotes, some people say, Sa'ad radiallahu anhu tarif al-tabari, there's another quote from another person. This is what Sa'ad ibn Mu'adh radiallahu anhu said to him. After the Prophet ﷺ kept asking, give me shura, give me shura, and Muhajirin were standing. But he's specifically awaiting the Ansar for their comments. So Sa'ad ibn Mu'adh radiallahu anhu, he said, He said, by Allah, it seems as if you're intending us, O Messenger of Allah. And the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam said, yes. And said, He said, we've believed in you, and we've accepted what you brought as the truth. And we've witnessed that what you brought is the truth. and We've testified that what you brought is the truth. وَعَطَيْنَاكَ عَلَى ذَلِكَ عُهُودَنَا وَمَوَاثِيقَنَا And we've given you our covenants and our promises to you on that, that you know the truth. It said, عَلَى السَّمْعِ وَالطَّاعِ We've given you our covenants and our promises to you on that, in our promise and our covenant to listen and obey. He said, so go forward. He said, go wherever you want, O Messenger of Allah, and we will be with you. He said, by Allah, that if you were to go into, he's telling him, go in any direction. He said, if you're going into the sea, if you went into the sea, we would all go with you and not a single one of our men would stay behind. They would all follow you, O Messenger of Allah. And then he said, وَمَا نَكْرَهْ أَن تَلْقَى بِنَا عَذِبًا عَدُوَّنَا غَدًا إِلَّا لَصَبْرٌ فِي الْحَرْضِ صِدْقٌ فِي الْلِقَاءِ لَعَلَّ اللَّهُ يُرِيكَ مِنَّ مَا تَقَرَ بِي عَيْنُكَ So he said that by Allah that tomorrow would not please us, that you would meet any enemy except that we're with you, having patience for what's going to happen in the battlefield, and being truthful at that front line. And then he finished off his statement, لَعَلَّ اللَّهُ Perhaps Allah will let you see in us that which will please your eyes. And the Prophet ﷺ, when Sa'd ibn Mu'adh r.a said this, he became very happy, ﷺ. His face illuminated and he became energized by the statement of Sa'd r.a. Notice the Prophet ﷺ didn't force them. They came to this conclusion in their choice on their own. Defend the Prophet ﷺ. They came to this conclusion. And then the Prophet ﷺ, he said, He said, He said, Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala has promised me One of the two They're either going to have the caravan Or they're either going to have victory over them And he said, by Allah I already from now See the masari'is like the corpses Like already that they've been defeated And Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala revealed to the Prophet That Allah has done this In the battle of Badr, there was a mushrik. There was a mushrik that wanted to join with the Prophet ﷺ. A mushrik, someone who associated partners with Allah. Now, in Mecca, remember we mentioned there was like, you know, Abu Talib is defending the Prophet ﷺ, the poetry, and there's people there. Now, here in the battle of Badr though, interestingly, there's a shift. This mushrik actually wanted to join the Prophet ﷺ's army. And the Prophet ﷺ forbade him from joining the army. And he... he said, ارجع, he said, this isn't Sahih Muslim, he said, go back, he rejected him from joining the army, and he said, فإني لا أستعين بمشرك على مشرك. He said, I don't seek the assistance of a polytheist over a polytheist. Right? So there's more to the issue than what we're just saying in the Meccan period, there's more to the issue after that. Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala, this battle of Badr, Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala says about it in the Quran, وَلَوْ تَوَاعَدْتُمْ لَخْتَلَفْتُمْ فِي الْمِعَادِ that if you had, had made an appointment for this battle, like if the mushrikeen and the Muslims said, you know, we'll meet you at this place at this time, then there would have been like a miscommunication and the battle wouldn't have happened. But Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala says, وَلَاكِ لِيَقْضِيَ اللَّهُ أَمْرًا كَانَ مَفْعُولًا That it was the decree of Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala that this battle would take place in the desert and the plains of Badr like this. Before the battle, obviously, you know, tomorrow is the battle and the Muslims are, you know, there's this nervous Nervousness, right? Before a battle tomorrow, the person might die. They might die shaheed. They might be killed in the battle and so on. And there's a lot of emotion. A person doesn't sleep during that time. Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala says in the Quran, اِذْ يُغَشِّيكُمُ النُّعَاسَ أَمَنَةً مِّنْ The companions, radiallahu anhum, tomorrow they're going to fight in the battle and they all went like they rested peacefully. وَإِذْ يُغَشِّيكُمُ النُّعَاسَ أَمَنَةً مِّنْ Like Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala, the nu'as. that tiredness, even though like some of you haven't done any work other than eating lunch, you might feel tired, right? But the companions, رضي الله عنهم, the battle is tomorrow and they're like dozing off. They're dozing off and it's a sign that a person is at peace. Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala says, أمنة منه It's like a peace and security that Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala brought to their hearts before the battle the next day. And again, they're heavily outnumbered and they're not prepared for the battle. It's not like... they had gone and prepared and all of this stuff. They're not prepared for the battle. In the verse that continues after that, وَيُغَشِّكُمْ نُعَسَمَنَةً مِّنْهُ وَيَنَزِّلُ عَلَيْكُمْ مِّنَ السَّمَاءِ مَاءً لِيُطَهِّرَكُمْ بِهِ وَيُذْهِبْ عَنْكُمْ نِجْزَ الشَّيْطَانِ وَلِيَرْبِطَ عَلَىٰ قُلُوبِكُمْ وَيُثَبِّتَ بِهِ الْأَقْدَامِ the night before the battle of Bedr, it doesn't normally rain in those days. It's desert, obviously. The rain came down that night. So you imagine tomorrow's the battle of Bedr. The companions of the Alarm, they're dozing off. And someone mentioned earlier about the water shortage at the Battle of Badr, right? So when they arrived at Badr, when they arrived at Badr, the Prophet ﷺ set up camp. And one of the companions, رضي الله عنه, said, is this like a place that Allah revealed to you? Or is this just like the strategies of war? And the Prophet ﷺ said, it's just the strategies of war. And so the companion said that this is not a place to camp. And then he told the Prophet ﷺ that we should camp by the waterhole. So by the water of Badr, that's like there was a well. And when the mushy king... when they'd come. If they didn't have water, if they tried drinking water, they'd be killed and so on and so forth. And it's interesting, subhanAllah, you'll see like the mercy of Islam. The Prophet ﷺ lands and just a normal fighter goes up to the Prophet ﷺ and asks him, you know, is this a strategy of war or did Allah reveal this? Like to show you the shura, you know, they had the courage and they were taught by the Prophet ﷺ. They had an opinion, they would bring it to the leader. They weren't like intimidated to the point where everybody just... just kept quiet, right? They would go straight to the leader and tell them and give their feedback. And obviously, if they gave feedback, it was like proper feedback. And the reason I'm saying proper feedback, because some people give feedback and there's no intelligence in their feedback. You know, they're just like kind of like off the top of their head, you know, what I think is this. But if someone puts improper thought into something, of course, bring it and present it. If you haven't put proper thought into it, like think about it a little more. So. During the night, Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala, the rain came down. And in the morning, some of the companions had wet dreams. And they needed to take a bath. And they say that, this is like they'll say a latifa, to show you how peacefully they slept. Like they slept and they had wet dreams and so on. And in the morning, they took a bath. Like what a beautiful rest that they had, that Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala is preparing them the next day. It would be a very difficult battle. that they would take place, and they're expecting that many of them will be killed shaheed the next day. Even though we know that the Muslims, very few of them were killed shaheed in the Battle of Badr, but the night before, that this is the expectation, that they're going to stand their ground and defend Islam, even if they're all going to die the next day. رضي الله تعالى عنهم Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم, he would line up, line up the companions in a battle. So when Muslims are praying in salah, the Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم actually used to go down. up and down the aisles, making sure everybody was straight. So the salah, the way people line up in salah, is very similar to how they would line up in a battle, in a front line. You know, they're standing like shoulder to shoulder and so on. Nobody's stepping forward, nobody's stepping back. They're perfectly aligned like this. And so the Prophet ﷺ, before the alignment, he's giving a speech to companions about paradise and the hereafter and so on, and encouraging them. says, this is in Surah Al-Anfal verse 65 verse 65 where Allah says this verse where Allah says O Prophet encourage and motivate the believers to the fighting so the Prophet, you'll see one of the qualities of a leader is he's a motivator he can influence and motivate people to do action. So the Prophet ﷺ is giving them a speech, encouraging them. And at the end of this speech, the Prophet ﷺ said, Now get up. قُومُوا إِلَى جَنَّةٍ عَرْضُهَا السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضِ He said, stand up for a paradise whose expanse is the heavens and the earth. So one of the companions, رضي الله عنه, he said, بَخٍ بَخ Does anyone know what بَخٍ بَخ means? What would you translate it as? بَخٍ بَخ بَخٍ بَخ It's not stingy. It's not stingy. That's bakhil. Yes? Fine, fine. Or you'd say like, you're like, nice. What would you guys say? You saw something really nice? That's smart. That's brilliant. See, you feel the power just leaving when you say that. I noticed there's two audiences that any speaker would love to speak with. One of those audiences is an Egyptian audience. So if you're giving a speech. speech in Egypt They were like, Allah! While you're talking, they're like, you say something and they're all excited. And you guys know Abdul Basit when he reads Quran, right? Like how awesome is it to read and you have an audience that's like, or Sheikh Kishk, he's like, من الواحد? And everyone's like, Allah! This is in Jummah Khutbah, right? It's like a pumped up Jummah Khutbah. That's an Egyptian audience. I noticed another audience that does that, that does that, that you'd love to speak to, is an African American audience in the US. because while you're speaking like mmm yeah amen brother tell me mmm right they go with you and it excites the teacher and then you're in London and it's like it's just quiet and silent did they understand what I said yes inshallah miktah So he said to him, بَخٍ بَخٍ Which means like, it's like, like it's like saying that. So the Prophet ﷺ said to him, he said, مَا حَمَلَكَ عَلَىٰ قَوْلِكَ بَخٍ بَخٍ The Prophet ﷺ said to him, what made you say بَخٍ بَخٍ? and Bach. Right? The companion, radhi Allah, he said, he said, because the Prophet ﷺ was just speaking about Jannah, arduha as-samawatu wal-arth, a Jannah whose expanse is the heavens and the earth. And then this companion said, la wallahi ya Ya Rasulullah, إِلَّا رَجَاءً أَكُونَ مِنْ أَهْلِهَا He said, the only thing that made me say this by Allah is my desire and hope to be of one of those people who enter Jannah. And the Prophet ﷺ said to him in response, أَنْتَ مِنْ أَهْلِهَا You will be from amongst the inhabitants of Paradise. رضي الله تعالى عنهم أجمعين So they would line up the companion, the Prophet ﷺ would line up the companions, and there was a companion, رضي الله عنه, who was a man who was standing out from the line, and the Prophet ﷺ had a stick with him, and when he passed by him, he poked this companion in the stomach, and pushing him backwards, like get back in line. This companion, رضي الله عنه, he said, you hurt me, Ya Rasulullah. This is a battle. We're about to start fighting. And you know, you're complaining that you got poked. And so this companion, radhiallahu anhu, said, Yeah, you hurt me, Rasulullah, and I want retaliation. And the companions, like, obviously, like I said, it's a battle. They're not going to just let somebody retaliate against the prophets of Elias and Am. And then the prophets of Elias and Am, this is before the battlefield. The prophets of Elias and Am gave him the stick, uncovered his stomach, so that he could poke the prophets of Elias and Am back. And this companion, he took the stick, and he stepped forward, and he hugged the Prophet ﷺ. And he gave him that hug, and he said, he said, tonight might be my last day on earth. And right when this battle begins, I might die today. And he says, so I wish that the last thing that I felt in this life was the skin of the Prophet ﷺ. So this is his opportunity to do that. Sallallahu alayhi wa sallam. How much they love the Prophet ﷺ. The Prophet ﷺ, as the companions were preparing for the battle, the Prophet ﷺ was in his tent and he was praying to Allah ﷻ. And the Prophet ﷺ's dua to Allah Azza wa Jal was, Allahumma, this statement, O Allah, should this group of Muslims be defeated today, you will no longer be worshipped. إِن تُهْلِكْ هَذِي الْعِصَابَ فَلَن تُعْبَدْ Su'aban. That if this group is defeated, you'll no longer be worshipped. And that's why I said the understanding before this battle is that this is the last stand. That they haven't prepared for this battle, yet they're going to defend Islam with their lives. And the Prophet ﷺ is making dua to Allah ﷻ. The Prophet ﷺ, when he would make dua, he would raise his hands. The Prophet ﷺ would raise his hands up really high. So he'd raise his hands up really high, they would say, until the Prophet ﷺ would raise his hands. the whiteness of his underarms would show. So sometimes you know when some people making du'a they have their hands like low like this. Prophet would raise his hands and raise his hands very high so he's making du'a to Allah. As you raise your hands up they have shawls, right? They're covering their upper body with a shawl and the shawl is falling down off of his shoulders. He's crying making du'a to Allah such as this du'a that we mentioned and Abu Bakr is taking the shawl as it's slipping off the Prophet's putting it back on his shoulders and Abu Bakr radiallahu anhu saying to him he said like At peace, O Messenger of Allah, إِنَّ اللَّهَ نَاصِرُكُ وَمُنْجِزُ وَعَدَكُ Allah is going to grant you victory and fulfill His promise to you. Now, this is in the battle of Badr. Abu Bakr رضي الله عنه is consoling the Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم. In the Hijrah... When they were in the cave, we were talking about how many times Abu Bakr was mentioned. When they were in the cave, Abu Bakr was very fearful. And the Prophet ﷺ said to him, لا تحزن إن الله معنا Don't be grieved or don't be sad. is with us. Did we talk about this in Surah Al-Baqarah? Okay, so you already got this answer, right? The difference between the two. The difference between the two. In the battle of Badr versus the Hijrah. In the Hijrah, the Prophet ﷺ is consoling Abu Bakr. In the battle of Badr, Abu Bakr is consoling the Prophet ﷺ. The difference between the two is this. In the Hijrah, the Prophet ﷺ had prepared for it. And in the battle of Badr, the Muslims weren't prepared. The Prophet ﷺ knows that when someone comes unprepared, cause and effect, they will lose. Cause and effect. We said that earlier about how Muslims, they're always like, where's the effect, where's the effect? And there's no cause brought to get that effect. So Muslims are always looking for a miracle. And we realize and we understand in Islam, these miracles, they don't just come down, the Muslims have to do effort. And so if something happens, it's because we didn't put the effort into it. And so once the cause happens, you put in the effort. the causes, possibly the effect won't happen, that's why you put in all the cause, and then you make du'a to Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala, you place your trust in Allah, and then possibly the effect will happen but the cause always has to be there in the battle of Badr the cause wasn't there and so the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam is making du'a to Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala and Allah supported the army with an army of angels in the battle of Badr in the beginning of the battle to show you you like the courage of these battles that at the beginning of the battle you'd have the leader of one army go out and fight the leader of the other army one-to-one combat one of them's gonna die like how amazing would that be instead of two countries going to war just their leaders fought just them nobody else just let them fight whoever loses you know that's it and interestingly as i said that the arabs they would only choose the most courageous imagine if they chose a leader and he went out for the these battles and someone killed them. Okay, good riddance. He got killed. They don't care. They only have the most courageous people leading their armies and so on. So three of the mushrikeen, they came out and three of the ansar came out. So from the mushriks, they were saying, we have nothing to do with you. We want our brothers, our cousin from the muhajireen. So the three people were, the three from the mushrikeen were Utbah ibn Rabi'ah. Second one, and he was fighting Hamza. the uncle of the Prophet ﷺ. Second one was Al-Walid ibn Utbah, and he was fighting Ali r.a., the cousin of the Prophet ﷺ. And Shaybah ibn Rabi'ah was fighting Ubaidah ibn al-Harith r.a. And so you see Al-Walid ibn Utbah in the battle of Badr, that is Khalid ibn Al-Walid's father. That's Khalid ibn Al-Walid's father. And Abu Jahl is also in this army. They started the battle. Hamza r.a. killed Utbah. Ali r.a. killed Al-Waleed and Shaybah greatly injured Ubaidah and Ubaidah also injured Shaybah it was kind of like a draw between the two Abdur Rahman ibn Auf r.a. in the battle he was saying, I said this earlier that when they get older in age they actually become stronger they become more disciplined and I was saying last weekend about how they're in their 40s, 50s and these are the people that carried the message Abdur Rahman ibn Auf r.a. had In this battle, he had one of the Ansar. There was two boys. They're both named Mu'adh. They're both named Mu'adh. And they were very young. And he was saying to himself, I wish I had some older people on my side. Because they're like... they're too young, and you know, during the battle, he needs people defending him, and so on. So one of the young Ansari's, he said to Abdur Rahman, radiallahu anhu, he said, you know, uncle, he's like, yes, he's like, can you tell me who Abu Jahl is? He's like, why would you like to know? He said, because I heard he used to harm the Prophet ﷺ. And today he's coming. And he said, so I would like to be the person who kills him today. He's like, okay. I'll let you know when I see him. And he was whispering to him because this companion, radiallahu anhu, wanted the honor of killing Abu Jahl. It's like an honor to kill the enemy of Allah. And then the other one, on his other side, he's saying, uncle, he says, yes. He said, can you tell me... Tell me who Abu Jahl is? And he said, why would you like to know? He said, because I heard that he used to hurt the Prophet ﷺ in Mecca. He said, I would like to be the one who kills him today. So now you see these two companions, رضي الله عنهم, they have high standards. They're not just going in the same direction. to the battlefield, oh Allah, please don't let me get hurt, don't let my finger get cut, or something like that. That's not their goal. Their goal is, out of all the people in the battle, who can they get the most reward for taking out? And so, when these two boys ask this to to Ibn Rahman ibn Auf, he became very excited to have them by his side. Like now he felt like kind of like, okay, if these are, this is the kind of standards that they have, then, you know, I don't mind that, you know, they're younger and so on. Then when the battle started, Abu Jahl is in the army and then he says to him, see that person who's like, you know, studded with all that armor and everybody's around them and it's the most intense part of the battle. It's the most intense. He's like, you see that area? They said, yes. He said, that guy in the middle that everybody's defending, The whole army is defending. That's Abu Jahl. The most defended person. He said, as soon as he said this, both of them took off like arrows from a boat. They charged Abu Jahl. They went into the heat of the most intense part of the battle and they killed Abu Jahl. In fact, they both came back and they were killed, Shahid, from their injuries and so on. But they came back to the Prophet ﷺ both saying that they had killed Abu Jahl. And the Prophet ﷺ said, took their swords and looking at their swords and how much and and um and he concluded that one of them had killed abu jahl and not you know the other one had not had like a full injury you know what i'm saying and parts of their limbs are cut off in that attack and so on but they were still they killed abu jahl the prophet said allah alaihi salam as he's making dua to allah subhanahu wa ta'ala and allah subhanahu wa ta'ala revealed revealed in the quran that allah subhanahu wa ta'ala would give them assistance بِأَلْفٍ مِّنَ الْمَلَائِكَةِ مُنْزِدِينَ that with one thousand angels coming down. And so Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala, the angels had never before taken part in a battle. And they never took part in a battle after the battle of Badr as well. Only battle that Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala sent them down to fight and participate in was in the battle of Badr. The battle of Badr. In Surah Muhammad, in Surah Muhammad, it mentions about the angel and the angels coming down and fighting alongside the companions. In authentic hadith, they said that we knew who the angels killed and whom we killed with our swords. Because when they killed someone with a sword, when you kill with a sword, it has like a type of mark. But they'd say when the angels would strike the mushrikeen, it would have a burn with it. Kind of like a lightsaber or something like that. It would have a burn with it and they would know that this person was killed by one of the angels. And they would say that in the battle, they would hear the, you know, they would hear sounds of the angels saying like, Go, Hayzum, and so on. These are like the angels in the battle of Badr fighting alongside the Muslims. The battle of Badr, actually, it didn't take many hours. The battle of Badr was over, you're talking about in a few hours, something like three hours or so on. And the mushrikeen, they abandoned, they retreated, and many of them were captured and so on. Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala... revealed in the Quran سَيُهْزَمُ الْجَمْعُ وَيُوَلُّونَ الدُّبُرُ The multitudes will be defeated and they will return their backs, turn their backs and flee. This was revealed, this verse was revealed in Mecca. سَيُهْزَمُ الْجَمْعُ That the gathering, the multitudes will be defeated and they'll turn their backs and run away. Umar رضي الله عنه asked the Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم about this verse and there wasn't an answer to it but when in the battle, battle of Badr when he saw the people you know this this the multitudes of the Mushrikeen coming to fight them and they were defeated and they turned their backs and fled Omar knew that it was talking about the Mushrikeen and it was in the battle of Badr. Ibn Abbas who said on that day a Muslim was chasing a disbeliever and he heard over him the swashing of a whip and the voice of the rider saying go ahead Hayzoon he glanced at the polytheist who had now fallen down on his back The Ansari came to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and related what had happened. The Prophet ﷺ replied, You have told the truth. That was the assistance from the third heaven. This is in Sahih Muslim. Allah ﷻ says about the Battle of Badr, وَاذْكُرُوا إِذْ أَنْتُمْ قَلِيلٌ مُسْتَضَعَفُونَ فِي الْأَرْضِ تَخَافُونَ تَخَافُونَ أَنْ يَتَخَطَّفَكُمُ النَّاسُ فَأَنْتُمْ Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala says, وَذْكُرُوا And we took this in the Surah Al-Baqarah class where when it says, وَذْكُرُوا when it said remember, that means remember and be thankful to Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala for this blessing. And this blessing of the victory of Mecca is a blessing that we all share in. The fact that Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala granted victory to our messenger sallallahu alayhi wa sallam وَاذْكُرُوا and remember إِذْ أَنْتُمْ قَلِيلٌ مُسْتَضَعْفُونَ when you were few in number مُسْتَضَعْفُونَ and you reckon that you were weak in the land so the Muslims they were like they had gone to Medina and Medina was like a small town and so on and everybody was saying oh these Muslims are like nothing تَخَافُونَ أَن يَتَخَطَّفَكُمُ النَّاسِ that you were afraid that the people would just come and like snatch you away that they would like just take you away تَخَطَّفَكُمُ النَّاسِ So Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala Provided a safe place for you And He gave you and provided for you From the good lawful things So that perhaps you would be grateful to Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala When it came to the prisoners of war And it came to the prisoners of war So now in this battle Abu Jahl had been killed And he was killed Al-Waleed, Al-Rabi'ah, all of these key chiefs of the Mushrikeen had been killed. So you imagine the news, huge news, all their leaders, boom, boom, boom, boom, one after the other, they had all been killed. So the messenger is coming back to Mecca, and he's saying, Al-Waleed is dead, Atba is dead, Al-Rabi'ah is dead, and Abu Jahl is dead. He's going through the whole list, and it's like they can't believe that the Muslims not only did Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala grant victory to them, but they took out like all their chiefs. in one battle like this, even though they had gone out into a thousand and so on. Now they had prisoners of war. What to do with the prisoners of war? The Prophet ﷺ took shura from people. Abu Bakr r.a. said, ransom them. Umar r.a. said, kill them. And Umar r.a. is not saying kill. He's saying not only kill them, but like each person from like the muhajireen are going to kill like their own. And the Prophet ﷺ, like it's a very intense opinion. right and Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala says in the Quran it's in surah al-alfal that it's not for the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam to have like prisoners and hold prisoners until he makes like yuthkhina is like and it's like establishes like they know who the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam is but the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam before that had chosen the opinion of Abu Bakr and they ransomed them. They ransomed the prisoners of war. And that was when the Prophet's daughter, Zainab, she ransomed her husband with the jewelry of Khadijah that she had been given on her night of marriage. And so that's when the Prophet all these years, the Khadijah, when he saw the jewelry and he started crying, remembering Khadijah, all these years that he'd been without her. It's been about seven years that he was on the ship. passed away and the Prophet said to the companions that if you wish to free her prisoner and give her back her jewelry then do so and the companions of the Allah and they did that and the Prophet said to Zainab's husband he made a deal with him that he would send Zainab back like that she wouldn't be with him he wasn't Muslim and that he would send her and that's what he did when he went back to Mecca fulfilled his promise to the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam and he sent back Zainab And that's why we said those people who came, they tried stopping her, the daughter of the Prophet ﷺ, they wouldn't let her do hijrah. They attacked her with spears, she fell off, and she had a miscarriage. And the Prophet ﷺ sent the companions to go and kill those people who tried stopping his daughter ﷺ. Some of the nice things that you see in the prisoners of war, those who didn't have money to ransom, Prophet ﷺ allowed them to be ransomed if they knew how to read and write. That's the way it is. And they could teach it to the unsaudy children. So these are prisoners of war who just fought with the Muslims, but they know how to read and write. Muslims are saying to them, you can go, so long as we bring like ten of our children, they'll sit with you and you become their teacher. You teach them how to read, you teach them how to write, after ten of them know how to read and write, you can go. So education, very interesting. I hope, inshallah ta'ala, as you're doing your speeches, you'll pick up on points like that. Like their education and so on. And then in these battles, you also had poets. poets who were defending the Prophet ﷺ with their poetry. So of these poets, one of the best poets was Hassan ibn Thabit. And he was known as Ashadhum. The toughest amongst the mushrikeen in his poetry was Hassan ibn Thabit. His brother Zayd ibn Thabit, if you ever heard of a companion, was told to learn multiple languages. Zayd ibn Thabit was the one who compiled the Qur'an. He was in charge of the compilation of the Qur'an. to book form, and that was the brother of Hassan ibn Thabit. Hassan ibn Thabit, obviously, was one of the best of the companions in poetry and in defense of the Prophet ﷺ. Other companions who were known for their poetry, Abdullah ibn Rawaha, Abdullah ibn Rawaha, and another companion by the name of Ka'b ibn Malik, and that was the Battle of Badr. One year after that came the Battle of Uhud. And before Before the battle of Uhud, I will give you a break.

Five was Khandaq. Sixth year was Hudaybiyah, the Treaty of Hudaybiyah. Hudaybiyah. And you have in the eighth year. Eighth year was conquest of Mecca.

Was conquest Mecca. Tenth year was like farewell Hajj, and death of the Prophet ﷺ was a few months after that. Very soon after that.

So as you can see, in the short amount of time, there was a lot of things happening, right? Badr, Ahad. Khanda, Hudaybiyah, conquest of Mecca.

There are other battles there that I'm not going to be, battle of, for example, Khaybar and so on, we're not going to be speaking too much about, but also there are other battles there. Why were they fighting in the battles? Some of these earlier battles, like the battle of Badr for example the intention wasn't to go out to the plains of Badr to fight in a battle that wasn't the intention even it just happened that the Meccans had come with an army and then a battle took place but then it escalated after that and so on purpose of the battles number one is freedom of religion if the Mushrikeen were in charge which was the case in Mecca they were in charge and they were not allowing people to to believe in what they wanted to believe in.

So these battles are giving people the freedom to choose for themselves and not being forced to accept this or that, but they would have the ability to choose for themselves. Secondly, number two, purpose of the battles is protections of homes of worship. Protections of homes of worship. As Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala says, وَلَوْ لَا دَفْرُ اللَّهِ النَّاسَ بَعْضَهُمْ بِبَعْضٍ لَهُدِّمَتْ صَوَامِعُ وَبِعْهُمْ وَصَلَوَاتُهُمْ وَمَسَاجِدُ that Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala would push some people away with others, that there would be many, and Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala says, synagogues and churches and all of these places where Allah's name is mentioned, that they would have been destroyed. Meaning the people would have no freedom of religion, no purpose, no protection of the homes of worship.

Number three, لِتَكُونَ كَرِمَةَ اللَّهِ هِيَ الْعُلِيَةَ So that the statement, the word of Allah would be the highest. And so they asked the Prophet ﷺ, there's many reasons people would go out for battle. Some people would go out to show off, like their courage, poetry about like Arab fathers and so on and so forth.

Some people would go out to the battle for patriotism. They want to defend their country and so on. Other people go out because of the war spoils. They're like bounty hunters and you know what I mean, like mercenary people that just go out for the money. And then they asked the Prophet ﷺ, which of these is in the path of Allah?

Which is this, like jihad for the sake of Allah? And the Prophet ﷺ said, مَنْ قَاتَلَ لِتَكُونَ كَلِمَةُ اللَّهِ He said, whoever fights so that the word of Allah is the highest, then he is the one who is truly in the path of Allah. Alright, so there's another word, there's this thing called, Okay, two words, I want to write that down too.

In the terminology that they use, Ghazwa is something that the Prophet ﷺ participated in. And Saria is... is a military expedition that the Prophet ﷺ was not involved in.

Like he wasn't there. As-Sariyyah, how many took place in these 10 years? There was no fighting before the Hijrah to Medina. None of the Muslims had fought in a battle. It was after the Hijrah to Medina, that's when they started defending and offensive as well.

There were 38, 38 As-Sariyyah. 38 As-Sariyyah, which is like these military expeditions that the Prophet ﷺ was not there. 38 and the Ghazawat right, the Ghazwa there were 27 27, so we're talking about some of the major ones that happened like major battles took place but all together they were 27 times that the Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam left Medina in this 10 year period, Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam the Muslims, how many fighters did they have in Medina? they did a census you guys have census right here? they did a census in Medina and it came out that they had 1,500 fighters.

All the people who were able to fight were 1,500 in Medina. And that actually made the people of Medina very excited. They said, if we have 1,500 fighters, Mashallah, that's awesome.

So it was like hand-to-hand combat. The Battle of Badr, it has other names. Battle of Badr.

We're now beginning with the Battle of Badr. Second year of history. Battle of Badr has some other names.

One of the names is Al-Uthma. Number two is Badr Al-Qital. Number three, Yawm Al-Furqan.

So three names of the Battle of Badr, Al-Uthma, Badr al-Qital, and Yawm al-Furqan. So the Battle of Badr, someone actually asked a question last week about that the Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam was cutting off caravans. or they say ambushing caravans, and someone might think that, oh, you know, how can the Muslims ambush caravans, and so on and so forth.

The caravans would go up to Hashem, right? So from Mecca, here's Mecca, Hashem is north, and Yemen is south. So when the Meccan caravans would go up to Hashem, they'd have to pass through like the Medina area, right? And in this area, you have Bedr.

Bedr is here, it's about an hour from Medina by car. About an hour from Medina by car. So when they're going up to Hashem, the Prophet The opportunity for the Muslims To regain back That which rightfully belonged to them Okay, so now, let's just imagine This is a time of war And a lot of times when people think of Oh, you know, cutting off caravans and so on You might think of it during a time of peace Of which cutting off caravans Is obviously haram Right?

It's obviously haram So it's like you put on the wrong glasses It's a time of war of war, put on the war glasses. And once you see the war, at times of war, they're oppressing the Muslims. They've kicked them out of their homes. They give you an example of Suhaib al-Rumi. Under what right did they take his wealth?

For what right? They had no right. But they're like, we're not going to let you go with your money. And so he's like, just take it, right? And they stole his money.

So all these Muslims, they're just trying to escape from the people of Mecca so that they can worship Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala. And they left their homes, they left their property. That property was usurped and taken by Quraysh.

Right? Quraysh, without any haq, without any right, took this away from them. And now the Muslims, even the words of the Prophet ﷺ is like, take back what rightfully belongs to you. And it was optional as well.

It was optional. Those who wanted to go back and take that which rightfully belonged to them. So there was a small group of Muslims that were going to cut off that caravan of that which rightfully belonged to them.

And as well, it's a time of war. It's a time of war. It's not a time of peace.

That's why you see the Treaty of Hudaybiyah. That's when the peace treaty is written. And the Treaty of Hudaybiyah. Before this, this is war time. And so the Muslims went out to cut off the caravan.

The Quraysh, they're coming back from Hasham with their caravan and they got word that the Muslims were coming. Right? You know, they have scouts and so on and so forth.

They found out Abu Sufyan took the caravan, they avoided the Muslims and went to Mecca and returned back with an army ready to fight. So in this verse you'll see Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala says وَإِذْ يَعِدُكُمُ اللَّهُ إِحْدَى الطَّائِفَتَيْنِ أَنَّهَا لَكُمْ وَتَوَدُّونَ وَتَوَدُّونَ أَنَّ غَيْرَ ذَاتِ الشَّوْكَةِ تَكُونُ لَكُمْ وَيُرِيدُ اللَّهُ وَيُرِيدُ اللَّهُ أَنْ يُحِقَّ الْحَقَّ بِكَلِمَانِ وَيَقُطَعَ دَابِرَ الْكَافِنِينَ Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala promised them one of two groups. That either they would cut off the caravan.

The caravan is, you know, they're like, it's a business. It might have some people protecting it, but it's not an army. Or they would be going out and facing an army.

And Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala says, وَتَوَدُّونَ أَنَّا غَيْرَ ذَاتِ الشَّوْكَةِ And you wish that the one without strength, i.e. the one without power, the caravan would be yours. So now it's like, would you rather fight a caravan or would you rather fight an army that was like five times bigger than you? And so Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala said that they wished that it would be the caravan. But soon they were waiting there, waiting there for the caravan and then they realized that the caravan had passed them.

They had gone to Mecca and the caravan had been saved. The whole goal Abu Sufyan is trying to do is save the caravan, right? The caravan. has arrived in Mecca and it's safe. Mission accomplished.

But what did they do in Mecca now? Now their ego inflamed. They're like, how dare the Muslims do this to us? Who do they think they are?

And so everybody started encouraging each other in Mecca to go out and kill the Prophet ﷺ. To go out to Badr and fight them. وَيُرِيدُ اللَّهُ أَن يُحِقَّ الْحَقَّ بِكَرِيمَاتِهِ وَيَقْطَعَ ذَابِرَ الْكَافِرِينَ That Allah desired, that even though the Muslims had desired the character The one without strength, that Allah desired that the truth of Islam be established and recognizes the truth by his degree as he predestined and that the roots of the disbelief be cut. So that was Badr. The Muslims had in...

better 320 fighters 319 fighters 319 fighters and they weren't expecting to fight so they're not really geared up with the full armor that's needed in battle they don't have the same amount of like weapons and so on and so forth. And they're not truly prepared to fight an army. In Mecca, Abu Sufyan and so on, they came back with 1,000 fighters.

So three times the number of Muslims. They came back with 1,000 fighters, 200 horse fighters. And the Muslims, I think, had like one horse or so on.

Don't quote me on that. But they weren't really on horses. The difference between a horse fighter and an infantry, the horse is on higher up. And if the person can gallop through an area, he can just... just swing by and hit people with this sword, hit people with a spear and so on and so forth.

That is the horse fighter. And that's why they'll mention there was this many horse fighters and so on and so forth, because it's an advantage to the army. All the people from Mecca, they left out, they left to go to Bedr, especially like the aristocrats, aristocrats of Mecca, they would have to go out in these battles because it's a shame in these tribes that they live on battles, right? They live on battles. and when a battle's going on, it's not, you know, the way it is today.

They send out all the weak to go and fight the battles. And the aristocrats sit at home, basically. You guys know how that is, right? In those days, in order to maintain aristocrat status, you're going out for the battles. Right?

The aristocrats and the high nobility and so on and so forth, they're at the battles and, you know, and they're showing off at the battles and so on and so forth. It wasn't that you would have their emir or their... their chief or so on, like we said, they chose the most courageous of them. So if the courageous of them decides every time there's a battle, he's going to stay home and sit in his castle and so on and whatnot, then that's not going to be the leader. It's not going to be the leader.

When the people of Mecca went out, when they went out for the battle or they wanted to go out, they had a tribe that they frequently used to fight with. And that tribe was Banu Bakr. So Banu Bakr is a tribe that they frequently used to fight with. to fight with.

And now they were afraid if they went out from Mecca to go out for this battle, that Banu Bakr would come and attack them. So, shaitan came to them in the form of Suraqa ibn Malik. Suraqa ibn Malik was a very, like, aristocrat person and big chief and so on and so forth. We spoke earlier about Suraqa. Shaitan came to them in that form and encouraged the people of Mecca to go out as well.

Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala said, says this in the Quran, وَإِذْ زَيَّنَ لَهُمُ الشَّيْطَانُ أَعْمَالَهُمْ When shaitan beautified their deeds for them. So shaitan doesn't force anybody, but shaitan beautifies it. Where a person starts, if you've ever tried, you're thinking of committing a sin, or not, should I do it? And then you start to have this enlightened discussion in your mind of why this sin is good. So example, someone wants to deal with riba, right?

And they're like, oh, but if I don't do this deal, I won't get such and such a contract and then this contract will go to the Jews or it'll go to these people And so I have to you know, and all this it's beautified in your mind That is a discussion you and shaytan are having together All right, it's the beautification of sin did shaytan force someone to take it about no But shaytan would beautify it for a person and that's like these whispers And so shaytan, this is what he does And shaytan said to them وَقَالَ لَا غَالِبَ لَكُمُ الْيَوْمَ مِنَ النَّاسِ That there's nobody that can beat you. There's nobody that can beat you. Which is the inflaming of the ego, right?

Nobody can beat you. You're the man, you're the one, you're Quraysh. How dare he does this to you?

Who does he think he is? Trying to cut off your caravans and so on. وَقَالَ لَا غَالِبَ لَكُمُ الْيَوْمَ مِنَ النَّاسِ But now they're afraid Banu Bakr is going to attack them.

And Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala says, وَإِنِّي جَارٌ لَكُمْ What did we say? What was Jawar? Jewar mean? Who knows?

Jewar? Yes? Okay, so Jewar is protection.

Can the sisters get a point for that too? Jewar is protection. And a bag of crisps as well.

So shaitan is saying to them, He's saying that don't worry, go off for the battle, I will protect you. Like shaitan in the form of suraqa. And then Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala says, فَلَمَّ تَرَأَتْ الْجَمَعَانِ قَالَ إِنِّي بَرِيءٌ مِّنْكُمْ أَنْتَمْ When the two armies did connect, Then shaytan said to them, إِنِّي بَرِئٌ مِّنْكُمْ I have nothing to do with you people. And he said, I have nothing to do with you people.

إِنِّي أَرَىٰ مَا لَا تَرَوْنَ I see what you don't see. What does he see? He sees the angels descending. An army of angels coming to fight. He said, إِنِّي أَرَىٰ مَا لَا تَرَوْنَ He said, I fear Allah.

And he abandoned them in the battle of Badr and he took off. The Liwa'a is something that you... Actually, the Maghrib cup is called the Liwa'a cup.

The Liwa'a is... you have different flags on the battlefield. You have the white flag and you have the black flag. So there's a white flag and there's a black flag. The white flag has لَا إِلَٰهَ لَا مُحَمَّدُ رَسُولُ الله written with black letters and you have a black flag with لَا إِلَٰهَ لَا مُحَمَّدُ رَسُولُ الله written in white letters.

The white one is called the liwaa, and the black one is called a raya. Raya. Anybody named raya here?

Raya? No, raya means flag. And liwaa means flag.

But there's a difference between the two. If they say the liwaa was given to so-and-so, that means the leader gets the liwaa, and the smaller divisions get raya. The Liwa is given to the leader, so they'll say like, when the Prophet ﷺ died, Abu Bakr initiated 12 or 11 Liwa, meaning he gave like 12 flags, these white flags, to 12 different people. Khalid ibn al-Walid, Akrim ibn Jah.

All these people had these flags, right? And then underneath the white flag are divisions inside the army and they have a black flag with them. They have like, so this would be tribe so-and-so and tribe so-and-so and tribe so-and-so.

smaller tribes underneath the bigger white flag. And then in the battle, the other army would also have a flag like that. And when their flag goes down, that means they're losing.

Or if the flag is backing up, that means they're retreating. Or if it's moving forward, the whole army on a plane can see whether they're winning or they're losing based on the status of the flag. And it was a great honor to be given the flag.

The flag in the Battle of Badr was given to Mus'hab ibn Umair radiallahu ta'ala anhum. And to the Ansar It was given to Sa'd ibn Mu'adh The Ansar They had promised to defend the Prophet As they would defend their wives and their children There's a problem here in the Battle of Badr though What's the problem? Who knows the problem? Who knows the problem? What I said was They had promised to defend the Prophet Like they would defend their families and their children And But there's a problem with the battle of Bedr here.

There's a problem with the battle of Bedr. Yes, sister? There you go. That's the correct answer.

Sisters, is it tied now or are they up? They're one up. Okay, the answer is this. The agreement with the prophets that Elias and them was to defend in Medina. were not in the agreement to leave Medina and defend the Prophet ﷺ.

That was the problem. So it wasn't an offense. That wasn't really the issue.

The issue was their agreement is in Medina. It's not for outside of Medina. Medina.

It doesn't apply. Once you leave the borders of Medina, it doesn't apply anymore. The treaty with the Prophet ﷺ.

Do you understand? This is what the problem was. The Prophet ﷺ could have forced them to say, hey, defend me.

They didn't agree to that. But this is what the Prophet ﷺ did. He stood up amongst the companions, radiallahu anhum, and he's saying, do shura with me.

And so, they're agreeing. You know, Abu Bakr radiallahu anhum is saying, you know, we'll be with you, ya Rasulullah. And Umar radiallahu anhum is saying, the muhajireen are saying, and he's like, ashiru alayhi give me some shura, what should we do? He's not telling them, if he tells them they'll do it, but they didn't agree to it.

And so the Prophet ﷺ let them come to their conclusion. Sa'ad ibn Mu'adh radiallahu anhu, there's two quotes, some people say, Sa'ad radiallahu anhu tarif al-tabari, there's another quote from another person. This is what Sa'ad ibn Mu'adh radiallahu anhu said to him.

After the Prophet ﷺ kept asking, give me shura, give me shura, and Muhajirin were standing. But he's specifically awaiting the Ansar for their comments. So Sa'ad ibn Mu'adh radiallahu anhu, he said, He said, by Allah, it seems as if you're intending us, O Messenger of Allah. And the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam said, yes.

And said, He said, we've believed in you, and we've accepted what you brought as the truth. And we've witnessed that what you brought is the truth. and We've testified that what you brought is the truth. وَعَطَيْنَاكَ عَلَى ذَلِكَ عُهُودَنَا وَمَوَاثِيقَنَا And we've given you our covenants and our promises to you on that, that you know the truth. It said, عَلَى السَّمْعِ وَالطَّاعِ We've given you our covenants and our promises to you on that, in our promise and our covenant to listen and obey.

He said, so go forward. He said, go wherever you want, O Messenger of Allah, and we will be with you. He said, by Allah, that if you were to go into, he's telling him, go in any direction.

He said, if you're going into the sea, if you went into the sea, we would all go with you and not a single one of our men would stay behind. They would all follow you, O Messenger of Allah. And then he said, وَمَا نَكْرَهْ أَن تَلْقَى بِنَا عَذِبًا عَدُوَّنَا غَدًا إِلَّا لَصَبْرٌ فِي الْحَرْضِ صِدْقٌ فِي الْلِقَاءِ لَعَلَّ اللَّهُ يُرِيكَ مِنَّ مَا تَقَرَ بِي عَيْنُكَ So he said that by Allah that tomorrow would not please us, that you would meet any enemy except that we're with you, having patience for what's going to happen in the battlefield, and being truthful at that front line. And then he finished off his statement, لَعَلَّ اللَّهُ Perhaps Allah will let you see in us that which will please your eyes. And the Prophet ﷺ, when Sa'd ibn Mu'adh r.a said this, he became very happy, ﷺ.

His face illuminated and he became energized by the statement of Sa'd r.a. Notice the Prophet ﷺ didn't force them. They came to this conclusion in their choice on their own. Defend the Prophet ﷺ.

They came to this conclusion. And then the Prophet ﷺ, he said, He said, He said, Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala has promised me One of the two They're either going to have the caravan Or they're either going to have victory over them And he said, by Allah I already from now See the masari'is like the corpses Like already that they've been defeated And Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala revealed to the Prophet That Allah has done this In the battle of Badr, there was a mushrik. There was a mushrik that wanted to join with the Prophet ﷺ.

A mushrik, someone who associated partners with Allah. Now, in Mecca, remember we mentioned there was like, you know, Abu Talib is defending the Prophet ﷺ, the poetry, and there's people there. Now, here in the battle of Badr though, interestingly, there's a shift. This mushrik actually wanted to join the Prophet ﷺ's army. And the Prophet ﷺ forbade him from joining the army.

And he... he said, ارجع, he said, this isn't Sahih Muslim, he said, go back, he rejected him from joining the army, and he said, فإني لا أستعين بمشرك على مشرك. He said, I don't seek the assistance of a polytheist over a polytheist. Right?

So there's more to the issue than what we're just saying in the Meccan period, there's more to the issue after that. Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala, this battle of Badr, Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala says about it in the Quran, وَلَوْ تَوَاعَدْتُمْ لَخْتَلَفْتُمْ فِي الْمِعَادِ that if you had, had made an appointment for this battle, like if the mushrikeen and the Muslims said, you know, we'll meet you at this place at this time, then there would have been like a miscommunication and the battle wouldn't have happened. But Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala says, وَلَاكِ لِيَقْضِيَ اللَّهُ أَمْرًا كَانَ مَفْعُولًا That it was the decree of Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala that this battle would take place in the desert and the plains of Badr like this.

Before the battle, obviously, you know, tomorrow is the battle and the Muslims are, you know, there's this nervous Nervousness, right? Before a battle tomorrow, the person might die. They might die shaheed. They might be killed in the battle and so on.

And there's a lot of emotion. A person doesn't sleep during that time. Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala says in the Quran, اِذْ يُغَشِّيكُمُ النُّعَاسَ أَمَنَةً مِّنْ The companions, radiallahu anhum, tomorrow they're going to fight in the battle and they all went like they rested peacefully. وَإِذْ يُغَشِّيكُمُ النُّعَاسَ أَمَنَةً مِّنْ Like Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala, the nu'as.

that tiredness, even though like some of you haven't done any work other than eating lunch, you might feel tired, right? But the companions, رضي الله عنهم, the battle is tomorrow and they're like dozing off. They're dozing off and it's a sign that a person is at peace. Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala says, أمنة منه It's like a peace and security that Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala brought to their hearts before the battle the next day.

And again, they're heavily outnumbered and they're not prepared for the battle. It's not like... they had gone and prepared and all of this stuff.

They're not prepared for the battle. In the verse that continues after that, وَيُغَشِّكُمْ نُعَسَمَنَةً مِّنْهُ وَيَنَزِّلُ عَلَيْكُمْ مِّنَ السَّمَاءِ مَاءً لِيُطَهِّرَكُمْ بِهِ وَيُذْهِبْ عَنْكُمْ نِجْزَ الشَّيْطَانِ وَلِيَرْبِطَ عَلَىٰ قُلُوبِكُمْ وَيُثَبِّتَ بِهِ الْأَقْدَامِ the night before the battle of Bedr, it doesn't normally rain in those days. It's desert, obviously.

The rain came down that night. So you imagine tomorrow's the battle of Bedr. The companions of the Alarm, they're dozing off.

And someone mentioned earlier about the water shortage at the Battle of Badr, right? So when they arrived at Badr, when they arrived at Badr, the Prophet ﷺ set up camp. And one of the companions, رضي الله عنه, said, is this like a place that Allah revealed to you? Or is this just like the strategies of war? And the Prophet ﷺ said, it's just the strategies of war.

And so the companion said that this is not a place to camp. And then he told the Prophet ﷺ that we should camp by the waterhole. So by the water of Badr, that's like there was a well.

And when the mushy king... when they'd come. If they didn't have water, if they tried drinking water, they'd be killed and so on and so forth. And it's interesting, subhanAllah, you'll see like the mercy of Islam. The Prophet ﷺ lands and just a normal fighter goes up to the Prophet ﷺ and asks him, you know, is this a strategy of war or did Allah reveal this?

Like to show you the shura, you know, they had the courage and they were taught by the Prophet ﷺ. They had an opinion, they would bring it to the leader. They weren't like intimidated to the point where everybody just...

just kept quiet, right? They would go straight to the leader and tell them and give their feedback. And obviously, if they gave feedback, it was like proper feedback. And the reason I'm saying proper feedback, because some people give feedback and there's no intelligence in their feedback.

You know, they're just like kind of like off the top of their head, you know, what I think is this. But if someone puts improper thought into something, of course, bring it and present it. If you haven't put proper thought into it, like think about it a little more. So.

During the night, Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala, the rain came down. And in the morning, some of the companions had wet dreams. And they needed to take a bath. And they say that, this is like they'll say a latifa, to show you how peacefully they slept.

Like they slept and they had wet dreams and so on. And in the morning, they took a bath. Like what a beautiful rest that they had, that Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala is preparing them the next day. It would be a very difficult battle. that they would take place, and they're expecting that many of them will be killed shaheed the next day.

Even though we know that the Muslims, very few of them were killed shaheed in the Battle of Badr, but the night before, that this is the expectation, that they're going to stand their ground and defend Islam, even if they're all going to die the next day. رضي الله تعالى عنهم Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم, he would line up, line up the companions in a battle. So when Muslims are praying in salah, the Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم actually used to go down.

up and down the aisles, making sure everybody was straight. So the salah, the way people line up in salah, is very similar to how they would line up in a battle, in a front line. You know, they're standing like shoulder to shoulder and so on.

Nobody's stepping forward, nobody's stepping back. They're perfectly aligned like this. And so the Prophet ﷺ, before the alignment, he's giving a speech to companions about paradise and the hereafter and so on, and encouraging them.

says, this is in Surah Al-Anfal verse 65 verse 65 where Allah says this verse where Allah says O Prophet encourage and motivate the believers to the fighting so the Prophet, you'll see one of the qualities of a leader is he's a motivator he can influence and motivate people to do action. So the Prophet ﷺ is giving them a speech, encouraging them. And at the end of this speech, the Prophet ﷺ said, Now get up. قُومُوا إِلَى جَنَّةٍ عَرْضُهَا السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضِ He said, stand up for a paradise whose expanse is the heavens and the earth.

So one of the companions, رضي الله عنه, he said, بَخٍ بَخ Does anyone know what بَخٍ بَخ means? What would you translate it as? بَخٍ بَخ بَخٍ بَخ It's not stingy. It's not stingy.

That's bakhil. Yes? Fine, fine.

Or you'd say like, you're like, nice. What would you guys say? You saw something really nice?

That's smart. That's brilliant. See, you feel the power just leaving when you say that. I noticed there's two audiences that any speaker would love to speak with. One of those audiences is an Egyptian audience.

So if you're giving a speech. speech in Egypt They were like, Allah! While you're talking, they're like, you say something and they're all excited.

And you guys know Abdul Basit when he reads Quran, right? Like how awesome is it to read and you have an audience that's like, or Sheikh Kishk, he's like, من الواحد? And everyone's like, Allah!

This is in Jummah Khutbah, right? It's like a pumped up Jummah Khutbah. That's an Egyptian audience. I noticed another audience that does that, that does that, that you'd love to speak to, is an African American audience in the US. because while you're speaking like mmm yeah amen brother tell me mmm right they go with you and it excites the teacher and then you're in London and it's like it's just quiet and silent did they understand what I said yes inshallah miktah So he said to him, بَخٍ بَخٍ Which means like, it's like, like it's like saying that.

So the Prophet ﷺ said to him, he said, مَا حَمَلَكَ عَلَىٰ قَوْلِكَ بَخٍ بَخٍ The Prophet ﷺ said to him, what made you say بَخٍ بَخٍ? and Bach. Right? The companion, radhi Allah, he said, he said, because the Prophet ﷺ was just speaking about Jannah, arduha as-samawatu wal-arth, a Jannah whose expanse is the heavens and the earth. And then this companion said, la wallahi ya Ya Rasulullah, إِلَّا رَجَاءً أَكُونَ مِنْ أَهْلِهَا He said, the only thing that made me say this by Allah is my desire and hope to be of one of those people who enter Jannah.

And the Prophet ﷺ said to him in response, أَنْتَ مِنْ أَهْلِهَا You will be from amongst the inhabitants of Paradise. رضي الله تعالى عنهم أجمعين So they would line up the companion, the Prophet ﷺ would line up the companions, and there was a companion, رضي الله عنه, who was a man who was standing out from the line, and the Prophet ﷺ had a stick with him, and when he passed by him, he poked this companion in the stomach, and pushing him backwards, like get back in line. This companion, رضي الله عنه, he said, you hurt me, Ya Rasulullah.

This is a battle. We're about to start fighting. And you know, you're complaining that you got poked. And so this companion, radhiallahu anhu, said, Yeah, you hurt me, Rasulullah, and I want retaliation. And the companions, like, obviously, like I said, it's a battle.

They're not going to just let somebody retaliate against the prophets of Elias and Am. And then the prophets of Elias and Am, this is before the battlefield. The prophets of Elias and Am gave him the stick, uncovered his stomach, so that he could poke the prophets of Elias and Am back. And this companion, he took the stick, and he stepped forward, and he hugged the Prophet ﷺ.

And he gave him that hug, and he said, he said, tonight might be my last day on earth. And right when this battle begins, I might die today. And he says, so I wish that the last thing that I felt in this life was the skin of the Prophet ﷺ. So this is his opportunity to do that. Sallallahu alayhi wa sallam.

How much they love the Prophet ﷺ. The Prophet ﷺ, as the companions were preparing for the battle, the Prophet ﷺ was in his tent and he was praying to Allah ﷻ. And the Prophet ﷺ's dua to Allah Azza wa Jal was, Allahumma, this statement, O Allah, should this group of Muslims be defeated today, you will no longer be worshipped. إِن تُهْلِكْ هَذِي الْعِصَابَ فَلَن تُعْبَدْ Su'aban.

That if this group is defeated, you'll no longer be worshipped. And that's why I said the understanding before this battle is that this is the last stand. That they haven't prepared for this battle, yet they're going to defend Islam with their lives. And the Prophet ﷺ is making dua to Allah ﷻ. The Prophet ﷺ, when he would make dua, he would raise his hands.

The Prophet ﷺ would raise his hands up really high. So he'd raise his hands up really high, they would say, until the Prophet ﷺ would raise his hands. the whiteness of his underarms would show. So sometimes you know when some people making du'a they have their hands like low like this. Prophet would raise his hands and raise his hands very high so he's making du'a to Allah.

As you raise your hands up they have shawls, right? They're covering their upper body with a shawl and the shawl is falling down off of his shoulders. He's crying making du'a to Allah such as this du'a that we mentioned and Abu Bakr is taking the shawl as it's slipping off the Prophet's putting it back on his shoulders and Abu Bakr radiallahu anhu saying to him he said like At peace, O Messenger of Allah, إِنَّ اللَّهَ نَاصِرُكُ وَمُنْجِزُ وَعَدَكُ Allah is going to grant you victory and fulfill His promise to you. Now, this is in the battle of Badr.

Abu Bakr رضي الله عنه is consoling the Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم. In the Hijrah... When they were in the cave, we were talking about how many times Abu Bakr was mentioned.

When they were in the cave, Abu Bakr was very fearful. And the Prophet ﷺ said to him, لا تحزن إن الله معنا Don't be grieved or don't be sad. is with us.

Did we talk about this in Surah Al-Baqarah? Okay, so you already got this answer, right? The difference between the two.

The difference between the two. In the battle of Badr versus the Hijrah. In the Hijrah, the Prophet ﷺ is consoling Abu Bakr.

In the battle of Badr, Abu Bakr is consoling the Prophet ﷺ. The difference between the two is this. In the Hijrah, the Prophet ﷺ had prepared for it. And in the battle of Badr, the Muslims weren't prepared. The Prophet ﷺ knows that when someone comes unprepared, cause and effect, they will lose.

Cause and effect. We said that earlier about how Muslims, they're always like, where's the effect, where's the effect? And there's no cause brought to get that effect. So Muslims are always looking for a miracle. And we realize and we understand in Islam, these miracles, they don't just come down, the Muslims have to do effort.

And so if something happens, it's because we didn't put the effort into it. And so once the cause happens, you put in the effort. the causes, possibly the effect won't happen, that's why you put in all the cause, and then you make du'a to Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala, you place your trust in Allah, and then possibly the effect will happen but the cause always has to be there in the battle of Badr the cause wasn't there and so the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam is making du'a to Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala and Allah supported the army with an army of angels in the battle of Badr in the beginning of the battle to show you you like the courage of these battles that at the beginning of the battle you'd have the leader of one army go out and fight the leader of the other army one-to-one combat one of them's gonna die like how amazing would that be instead of two countries going to war just their leaders fought just them nobody else just let them fight whoever loses you know that's it and interestingly as i said that the arabs they would only choose the most courageous imagine if they chose a leader and he went out for the these battles and someone killed them.

Okay, good riddance. He got killed. They don't care. They only have the most courageous people leading their armies and so on.

So three of the mushrikeen, they came out and three of the ansar came out. So from the mushriks, they were saying, we have nothing to do with you. We want our brothers, our cousin from the muhajireen.

So the three people were, the three from the mushrikeen were Utbah ibn Rabi'ah. Second one, and he was fighting Hamza. the uncle of the Prophet ﷺ. Second one was Al-Walid ibn Utbah, and he was fighting Ali r.a., the cousin of the Prophet ﷺ. And Shaybah ibn Rabi'ah was fighting Ubaidah ibn al-Harith r.a.

And so you see Al-Walid ibn Utbah in the battle of Badr, that is Khalid ibn Al-Walid's father. That's Khalid ibn Al-Walid's father. And Abu Jahl is also in this army. They started the battle. Hamza r.a.

killed Utbah. Ali r.a. killed Al-Waleed and Shaybah greatly injured Ubaidah and Ubaidah also injured Shaybah it was kind of like a draw between the two Abdur Rahman ibn Auf r.a. in the battle he was saying, I said this earlier that when they get older in age they actually become stronger they become more disciplined and I was saying last weekend about how they're in their 40s, 50s and these are the people that carried the message Abdur Rahman ibn Auf r.a. had In this battle, he had one of the Ansar.

There was two boys. They're both named Mu'adh. They're both named Mu'adh.

And they were very young. And he was saying to himself, I wish I had some older people on my side. Because they're like... they're too young, and you know, during the battle, he needs people defending him, and so on. So one of the young Ansari's, he said to Abdur Rahman, radiallahu anhu, he said, you know, uncle, he's like, yes, he's like, can you tell me who Abu Jahl is?

He's like, why would you like to know? He said, because I heard he used to harm the Prophet ﷺ. And today he's coming.

And he said, so I would like to be the person who kills him today. He's like, okay. I'll let you know when I see him.

And he was whispering to him because this companion, radiallahu anhu, wanted the honor of killing Abu Jahl. It's like an honor to kill the enemy of Allah. And then the other one, on his other side, he's saying, uncle, he says, yes.

He said, can you tell me... Tell me who Abu Jahl is? And he said, why would you like to know? He said, because I heard that he used to hurt the Prophet ﷺ in Mecca. He said, I would like to be the one who kills him today.

So now you see these two companions, رضي الله عنهم, they have high standards. They're not just going in the same direction. to the battlefield, oh Allah, please don't let me get hurt, don't let my finger get cut, or something like that.

That's not their goal. Their goal is, out of all the people in the battle, who can they get the most reward for taking out? And so, when these two boys ask this to to Ibn Rahman ibn Auf, he became very excited to have them by his side.

Like now he felt like kind of like, okay, if these are, this is the kind of standards that they have, then, you know, I don't mind that, you know, they're younger and so on. Then when the battle started, Abu Jahl is in the army and then he says to him, see that person who's like, you know, studded with all that armor and everybody's around them and it's the most intense part of the battle. It's the most intense. He's like, you see that area?

They said, yes. He said, that guy in the middle that everybody's defending, The whole army is defending. That's Abu Jahl. The most defended person. He said, as soon as he said this, both of them took off like arrows from a boat.

They charged Abu Jahl. They went into the heat of the most intense part of the battle and they killed Abu Jahl. In fact, they both came back and they were killed, Shahid, from their injuries and so on.

But they came back to the Prophet ﷺ both saying that they had killed Abu Jahl. And the Prophet ﷺ said, took their swords and looking at their swords and how much and and um and he concluded that one of them had killed abu jahl and not you know the other one had not had like a full injury you know what i'm saying and parts of their limbs are cut off in that attack and so on but they were still they killed abu jahl the prophet said allah alaihi salam as he's making dua to allah subhanahu wa ta'ala and allah subhanahu wa ta'ala revealed revealed in the quran that allah subhanahu wa ta'ala would give them assistance بِأَلْفٍ مِّنَ الْمَلَائِكَةِ مُنْزِدِينَ that with one thousand angels coming down. And so Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala, the angels had never before taken part in a battle. And they never took part in a battle after the battle of Badr as well.

Only battle that Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala sent them down to fight and participate in was in the battle of Badr. The battle of Badr. In Surah Muhammad, in Surah Muhammad, it mentions about the angel and the angels coming down and fighting alongside the companions.

In authentic hadith, they said that we knew who the angels killed and whom we killed with our swords. Because when they killed someone with a sword, when you kill with a sword, it has like a type of mark. But they'd say when the angels would strike the mushrikeen, it would have a burn with it. Kind of like a lightsaber or something like that. It would have a burn with it and they would know that this person was killed by one of the angels.

And they would say that in the battle, they would hear the, you know, they would hear sounds of the angels saying like, Go, Hayzum, and so on. These are like the angels in the battle of Badr fighting alongside the Muslims. The battle of Badr, actually, it didn't take many hours.

The battle of Badr was over, you're talking about in a few hours, something like three hours or so on. And the mushrikeen, they abandoned, they retreated, and many of them were captured and so on. Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala... revealed in the Quran سَيُهْزَمُ الْجَمْعُ وَيُوَلُّونَ الدُّبُرُ The multitudes will be defeated and they will return their backs, turn their backs and flee.

This was revealed, this verse was revealed in Mecca. سَيُهْزَمُ الْجَمْعُ That the gathering, the multitudes will be defeated and they'll turn their backs and run away. Umar رضي الله عنه asked the Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم about this verse and there wasn't an answer to it but when in the battle, battle of Badr when he saw the people you know this this the multitudes of the Mushrikeen coming to fight them and they were defeated and they turned their backs and fled Omar knew that it was talking about the Mushrikeen and it was in the battle of Badr. Ibn Abbas who said on that day a Muslim was chasing a disbeliever and he heard over him the swashing of a whip and the voice of the rider saying go ahead Hayzoon he glanced at the polytheist who had now fallen down on his back The Ansari came to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and related what had happened. The Prophet ﷺ replied, You have told the truth.

That was the assistance from the third heaven. This is in Sahih Muslim. Allah ﷻ says about the Battle of Badr, وَاذْكُرُوا إِذْ أَنْتُمْ قَلِيلٌ مُسْتَضَعَفُونَ فِي الْأَرْضِ تَخَافُونَ تَخَافُونَ أَنْ يَتَخَطَّفَكُمُ النَّاسُ فَأَنْتُمْ Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala says, وَذْكُرُوا And we took this in the Surah Al-Baqarah class where when it says, وَذْكُرُوا when it said remember, that means remember and be thankful to Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala for this blessing. And this blessing of the victory of Mecca is a blessing that we all share in. The fact that Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala granted victory to our messenger sallallahu alayhi wa sallam وَاذْكُرُوا and remember إِذْ أَنْتُمْ قَلِيلٌ مُسْتَضَعْفُونَ when you were few in number مُسْتَضَعْفُونَ and you reckon that you were weak in the land so the Muslims they were like they had gone to Medina and Medina was like a small town and so on and everybody was saying oh these Muslims are like nothing تَخَافُونَ أَن يَتَخَطَّفَكُمُ النَّاسِ that you were afraid that the people would just come and like snatch you away that they would like just take you away تَخَطَّفَكُمُ النَّاسِ So Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala Provided a safe place for you And He gave you and provided for you From the good lawful things So that perhaps you would be grateful to Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala When it came to the prisoners of war And it came to the prisoners of war So now in this battle Abu Jahl had been killed And he was killed Al-Waleed, Al-Rabi'ah, all of these key chiefs of the Mushrikeen had been killed.

So you imagine the news, huge news, all their leaders, boom, boom, boom, boom, one after the other, they had all been killed. So the messenger is coming back to Mecca, and he's saying, Al-Waleed is dead, Atba is dead, Al-Rabi'ah is dead, and Abu Jahl is dead. He's going through the whole list, and it's like they can't believe that the Muslims not only did Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala grant victory to them, but they took out like all their chiefs.

in one battle like this, even though they had gone out into a thousand and so on. Now they had prisoners of war. What to do with the prisoners of war?

The Prophet ﷺ took shura from people. Abu Bakr r.a. said, ransom them.

Umar r.a. said, kill them. And Umar r.a.

is not saying kill. He's saying not only kill them, but like each person from like the muhajireen are going to kill like their own. And the Prophet ﷺ, like it's a very intense opinion. right and Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala says in the Quran it's in surah al-alfal that it's not for the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam to have like prisoners and hold prisoners until he makes like yuthkhina is like and it's like establishes like they know who the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam is but the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam before that had chosen the opinion of Abu Bakr and they ransomed them. They ransomed the prisoners of war.

And that was when the Prophet's daughter, Zainab, she ransomed her husband with the jewelry of Khadijah that she had been given on her night of marriage. And so that's when the Prophet all these years, the Khadijah, when he saw the jewelry and he started crying, remembering Khadijah, all these years that he'd been without her. It's been about seven years that he was on the ship. passed away and the Prophet said to the companions that if you wish to free her prisoner and give her back her jewelry then do so and the companions of the Allah and they did that and the Prophet said to Zainab's husband he made a deal with him that he would send Zainab back like that she wouldn't be with him he wasn't Muslim and that he would send her and that's what he did when he went back to Mecca fulfilled his promise to the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam and he sent back Zainab And that's why we said those people who came, they tried stopping her, the daughter of the Prophet ﷺ, they wouldn't let her do hijrah.

They attacked her with spears, she fell off, and she had a miscarriage. And the Prophet ﷺ sent the companions to go and kill those people who tried stopping his daughter ﷺ. Some of the nice things that you see in the prisoners of war, those who didn't have money to ransom, Prophet ﷺ allowed them to be ransomed if they knew how to read and write. That's the way it is.

And they could teach it to the unsaudy children. So these are prisoners of war who just fought with the Muslims, but they know how to read and write. Muslims are saying to them, you can go, so long as we bring like ten of our children, they'll sit with you and you become their teacher. You teach them how to read, you teach them how to write, after ten of them know how to read and write, you can go.

So education, very interesting. I hope, inshallah ta'ala, as you're doing your speeches, you'll pick up on points like that. Like their education and so on.

And then in these battles, you also had poets. poets who were defending the Prophet ﷺ with their poetry. So of these poets, one of the best poets was Hassan ibn Thabit. And he was known as Ashadhum. The toughest amongst the mushrikeen in his poetry was Hassan ibn Thabit.

His brother Zayd ibn Thabit, if you ever heard of a companion, was told to learn multiple languages. Zayd ibn Thabit was the one who compiled the Qur'an. He was in charge of the compilation of the Qur'an.

to book form, and that was the brother of Hassan ibn Thabit. Hassan ibn Thabit, obviously, was one of the best of the companions in poetry and in defense of the Prophet ﷺ. Other companions who were known for their poetry, Abdullah ibn Rawaha, Abdullah ibn Rawaha, and another companion by the name of Ka'b ibn Malik, and that was the Battle of Badr.

One year after that came the Battle of Uhud. And before Before the battle of Uhud, I will give you a break.

Transcript for:Key Battles in Prophet Muhammad's Life

Transcript for:
Key Battles in Prophet Muhammad's Life