Notes on Object-Oriented Programming in Python

Introduction

• Topic: Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) in Python
• Presentation by: Brill
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Key Concepts

• Object: An instance of a class, representing real-world entities.
• Class: A blueprint for creating objects, defining their attributes and methods.

Creating Objects in Python

1. Class Definition

   • Syntax: class ClassName:
   • Example: class Car: (note the capitalization)
   • Use pass as a placeholder initially if no content is provided.

2. Attributes and Methods

   • Attributes: Characteristics of the object (e.g., make, model, year, color).
   • Methods: Actions the object can perform (e.g., drive, stop).

   Example Attributes for Car:

   • Make
   • Model
   • Year
   • Color

   Example Methods for Car:

   • drive(self) - prints "This car is driving."
   • stop(self) - prints "This car has stopped."

The __init__ Method

• Purpose: Initializes objects (constructor in other languages).
• Syntax:

  def __init__(self, make, model, year, color):
      self.make = make
      self.model = model
      self.year = year
      self.color = color
  

• Self: Refers to the current object; no need to pass it when creating an object (Python does this automatically).

Creating Instances of a Class

• Object Creation:

  car1 = Car("Chevy", "Corvette", 2021, "blue")
  

• Accessing Attributes:

  print(car1.make)  # Output: Chevy
  

• Using Methods:

  car1.drive()  # Output: This Corvette is driving.
  car1.stop()   # Output: This Corvette has stopped.
  

Creating Multiple Objects

• Reuse the class to create additional instances:

  car2 = Car("Ford", "Mustang", 2022, "red")
  

• Test attributes and methods:

  print(car2.make)  # Output: Ford
  car2.drive()      # Output: This Mustang is driving.
  car2.stop()       # Output: This Mustang has stopped.
  

Conclusion

• Class as Blueprint: A class defines how objects are created and what they can do.
• Attributes & Methods: Help define the properties and behaviors of objects.
• Reusability: Classes can be reused to create multiple objects with varying attributes.

Additional Information

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