So hello everyone and good evening everyone, I hope my voice is reaching everyone properly. In this particular video we will discuss the Union Budget 20225 which was presented today. However, the budget had already come in its interim form and we will discuss it in this video. People have already discussed when interim form was introduced. We had seen that in the year of interim budget which is the election year, the entire budget is brought in that year because till then it is not decided as to who will form the government. Till the elections are not held, the budget session which happens in a normal year is your raffle. Let us assume that it starts in February and it ends till last April or till the first week of May. It ends this year, whether the budget sector is getting started late or not, has it started now, in the week of July, I have told you about it because it was an election year and in the election year, it is the budget, that is, you can speak. That the budget is given by the government on a temporary basis and after that the full government that is formed brings its budget and what is its scope and I told you that now here first we have to understand some basics and after that we will move ahead. What were the important things in this particular budget? Here we are going to take a little perspective. Good evening to everyone. Here we are going to take a perspective that would be the exam perspective. There are a number of things to discuss. Give all the things PDF, I had shared Parmar SSC, they will discuss, so why is the budget presented? You understood all the things. Well, actually the word budget is not mentioned anywhere in the Constitution. Many of you know some things. You will know here or you will know many things because we have already discussed it there in Economics if you were in the batch or we have also discussed it in the ongoing Pawai Q series but considering that it is okay, we If you are reading about the budget then we will cover all the things here and in the last place I am going to tell you about capital budget, revenue budget, capital expenditure revenue variable, all those things which are very important, direct tax, indirect tax, among them. What is the difference, we will see those things in the last, then if we talk about the budget, then as I told, it is nowhere mentioned in the Constitution, it is an important thing, Annual Financial Statement, this word is mentioned in our Constitution and in which article it is mentioned. It is mentioned under the article number 112 of the Constitution. What is the mention under article 112? What happens is that the expenditure of the government is shown that is expenditure and the income of the government is shown that is rest. Many people have this doubt. What is the difference between the Economic Survey and the Budget? So the Economic Survey is presented before the Budget and its main purpose is It is to show that what was the previous financial year, now what is the financial year, all the things which we are talking about now or will do are done in a financial year i.e. financial year, now what is the financial year, then the financial year starts. It starts from the 1st of April and it ends in the 31st of March. Well, when you get the job, when you start paying taxes, it will hit you right on the nerves. Financial Year What is the previous year, so this is about the previous financial year. It does the economic survey and whatever budget is made, it discusses somewhere in our next financial year, how much expenditure the government is going to make on what, from where and what are the sources of revenue. If we talk about the government budget, then the most Who presented the number of times? If you are asked this, then it has been presented by Murarji Desai ji. Murarji Desai ji has presented it and how many times has it presented it. He has presented it 10 times 10 times and in that also if Kankut Times is asked that continuously. Morar ji Desai has presented Conceive Kankut Wali six times continuously and our Finance Minister currently is the first full time female Finance Minister of our country and is the second female Finance Minister after Indira Gandhi. But she was not full time, that Indira Gandhi is fine, so Nirmala Sita Raman will become our first full time female finance minister, so Nirmala Sitharaman ji has presented this for the seventh consecutive time. Sitharaman ji has presented this for the seventh consecutive time. But if you ask the most then Murarji Desai will most probably be you. Let us assume that if the government does not fall currently, which is NDA government or Modi government, then Nirmala Sitharaman ji will easily surpass the record of Muraj ji Desai because our normal We know the number of years the government lasts, Lok Sabha lasts for 5 years, if there is no confidence motion or something like this or the Prime Minister does not resign, then our government lasts for 5 years. Please tell in which case, this is the only case. In the case in which the time period of the Lok Sabha can be extended for one year, at a time, which case is that, then it is obvious that it will happen 12 times because after presenting this budget, he has presented the seventh budget. We have given more and will present four. Okay, then they will become 11 and if the last financial year also comes, then at least if we do 11 then we will pass sir, which is what P Chidambaram has done nine times. Okay, that is P Chidambaram. He has presented it nine times and our Pranam Mukherjee has presented it eight times. It is clear what used to happen earlier that the General Budget i.e. the General Budget and the Railway Budget were presented separately. This practice was established by the Acworth Committee in 1921. It is true that this practice was started by the Acworth Committee itself which had said that it should be presented separately, but in 2016, our Vivek Devoy Committee, which was formed, said that no, merge it and since then this budget which is general. Budget and Railway Budget are being presented only after merging. Here I will tell you the stages of Budget, what are the stages of presenting the Annual Financial Statement. If you have any doubt then you can ask and after that We will start with our comfort by eating delicious halwa etc. Okay, so what are the stages, what are the stages, PDS and PDS are deaf or is it deaf? When you give interview for UPSC, you have to fill the deaf detail application form, so anyway, wave or You can remember it clearly, no matter how I tell you, see, the first stage is where the budget is presented. This is the stage part. In SSC, not that many questions are seen from the stages. Yes , you can see them in CDS etc. Okay, considering that now if you are reading the budget then let's understand a little bit, I am not going to go too deep and not so much that I will finish the motu immediately. Okay, so first of all the budget is presented. Now as it has been presented today, discussions etc. will start from tomorrow onwards. Okay, there will be discussion, there will be scrutiny. Okay, who will do the scrutiny? Departmental related standing committees should do that. I told you that there are two types of parliamentary committees, one which is formed temporarily, we call them ad-hoc committees and the ones which are formed permanently, we call them standing committees. In standing committee we also read standing financial committee. There are three types and you know those three types, one is Public Accounts Committee, that is Public Account Committee, Procurator is Estimate Committee and Committee on Public Undertaking. In this, please tell which is the biggest committee among the three and in that committee, the members are only Lok Sabha. Donations can come from Rajya Sabha only. Donations cannot come from Rajya Sabha. In this, voting is done on demand for grants. Now the demand for grants is not going very deep. What is the actual ministry that asks for money? In a way, it is called a grant. If voting is done on that then we call it Demand for Grant. What happens is your passing of appropriate juice of the budget. Now what is this Halwas? You must have heard of Halwa ceremony, actually when the budget session starts, the budget starts. When the session starts, then before that i.e. let's say two weeks before or the day before, this type of halwa is made. In a big pan, very delicious halwa is made by adding dry fruits and ghee and all this. You can see how. Ma'am is saying okay and this halwa is fed to those who are standing, those who are imprisoned or are imprisoned after feeding halwa, why so that those who are developed in the preparation of the budget, directly and indirectly? All the people will be blinded, they cannot come in contact with the X environment, so that they cannot leak anything, because if the information about the budget is already leaked, then whoever knows it will We will see how we can earn a lot of profit from it in a wrong way. Do you also know that in some things If the tax has increased or decreased on something, then if we assume that the tax has decreased on something, it is okay, then let these people tell me that brother, if the tax on something has decreased, then you can make profit for yourself and then you can make someone else profit by taking money, so that's why All things are done like halwa etc. by feeding them they are blinded. That is called as halwa ceremony. Alright, let's start now and water has come. We can understand your pain. If the same water has come in our mouth too then Drink water and let 's start now Features of the Budget 2024 25 Let Us Start Intermed was presented by Nirmala Sitharaman ji So there we saw that these four major castes now cast does not mean that cast, you understand this Caste here means Farmer, Poor Women and Youth. These were the four main castes. These were the four main aspects on which the interim budget was presented. I would highly recommend that you take a look at that too. The link to the one for the interim budget is now in the description. You won't get it , but I will record it when it goes out, I will post it or pin it in the comments, so both of you can watch it. If the government had changed, then it was not that important, but since it is the same government, then the things that we have done in the interim. I saw a lot of things in the budget, you will get to see them here, but now you will see them, I would advise you to watch that video also, it is a rough video of one and a half hour, it is okay, so what is the theme of the budget, to give employment to the people and skills. Meaning, especially skill development of the youth, focus on MSMEs, micro, small and medium which are our enterprises and if we look at what has been focused on the middle class, then first of all we will start the productivity on the farmers who are called our Annadata here. And to increase the resilience variables, a lot of things will be done to make the agricultural research self-reliant such as some high yielding and climate resiliency varieties will be introduced. Total 109 high yielding and climate resiliency varieties will be introduced. You know that climate change Crops get ruined due to this , crops can resist it for a long time. Such high yielding varieties will be introduced. We have already read this term. If you remember, when we read about Green Revolution, we saw that How HYV that is high yielding variety seeds was introduced? Full form has been asked by SSC. What is the meaning of HYV? Well, you must know that earlier we used to import vetch under PL 480 Public Law 480, but Then we have introduced HYV seeds and from it we are producing string, especially that string variety of wheat and rice. Seats will be introduced. FPOs which are our farmer producers organizations will be promoted. How are these organizations like SHG type? You must have heard about self-help groups where some farmers meet here and what happens to them is that their capabilities increase when they form an organization among themselves, then it is good for oil seed, true as mustard ground. Self-reliance will be provided for nut sesame soybean and sunflower. Comprehensive review of agricultural research setup to bring focus. So the main thing is that there will be a lot of focus on research and development. One crore farmers across the country will be initiated in the agriculture sector. What is farming? We call it another name also [ __ ]'s method, it is [ __ ]' s method. Actually, there was a Japanese researcher, an agriculturalist, who developed this method. We call it that it means that we should not use pesticides more on the crop. There is no need to put too much mannose etc. in the soil, you have to let it grow on its own, you can use some natural things, it is a similar to kind of Judd BNF which we call Zero Budget Natural Farming. You know, where you do not have much involvement, it is growing naturally for you and in this the focus is also on the life stock so that if you do not have good income from agriculture then the live stock which is your cows and buffaloes are all there. If there is a good income from them, then this is natural farming, then under this, 1 crore farmers will be given initiative by certification branding in the next two years, 10000 need based bio input resource centers will be set up, these bio in pit research centers where all these things will be done through natural farming. That can be promoted like some such bacteria which will help in it like if fertilizer is not applied. For that, let us assume that turtles etc. are earthworms. Please tell in the comment which phylum of animal kingdom do the earthworms belong to, then they will be provided through financing of shrimp farming, processing and export of these bio input resources. Will be facilitated through NABARD What we know about NABARD is National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development and here you should recall the NABARD SHG program which was started in 1992. When was NABARD established on 12th of July. Here you should recall the static things. We have to keep linking because SSC asks mostly questions or questions are asked in similar manner in other exams too. On 12th July 1982, B Samman Committee was formed on its recommendation and this is NABARD itself which is RRB that is Regional Rural. Shrimp does the work of supervising the banks, i.e. shrimp production, under which revolution does it come, does it come under the Blue Revolution, okay, you should know this thing, then there is something else here, I thought I had asked you, let's go, no one goes ahead. Increase in DPI that is digital public infrastructure for coverage of farmers for their lands in their digital crop survey will be conducted in 400 districts and will be issued Jan Samarth based Kisan Credit Cards What are Jan and what is Jan Samarth and what is Kisan Credit Card Kisan Credit Card is known from the name itself and you must have heard that it is a scheme for giving credit to farmers, which was launched in the year 1998. It was launched in 1998, which Commercial Banks, Small Finance Banks, Regional Rural Banks, that is, RRBs and Cooperatives, they work to provide credit to farmers for any agriculture. What is Jan Samashta? This is a digital portal, under which keep in mind, here I write separately what is Jan Samashta, Jan Samashta is a portal, okay, under which you can assume that there are 13 credit linked schemes, under which credit linked government schemes are given, under which credit money is given. Agriculture, 13 credit linked government schemes are given to those who are our farmers, they are given a single 13 credit lint government schemes have been brought on the platform and the name of that platform is Jan Samarth Platform. Is this potion clear to you? B7 Committee Blue Revolution SSG program is done. OK NABARD OK, more here I am. I am not going into deep, okay, more things can be told here like SHG was formed first, Seva That is Self Employed Women Association was formed in 1974, how much strength did it have, then it would have had more. We will not go deep here, okay, I think till now no one will have any doubt, we are a portal in my name, sir, good able reader, let's come to employment and skilling, now we have seen the farmers, now PM package, three schemes for employment are linked. There are three incentives directly linked to incentive employment. The first one is the first timers, those who are getting the job for the first time, they are getting one month wage, two new incentives in all formal sectors, these three installments up to Rs. 15000, your salary is Wherever you get a job, the government will automatically give Rs. 15,000 in three installments. Expected benefit raffle is Rs. 210 lakh. Youth Scheme B is the second. If job creation is in manufacturing, now we know. Please tell in which sector of the economy this manufacturing will come. In which sector ? I have taught you that we have three primary sectors, one is primary sector, secondary sector and third sector manufacturing comes in secondary sector which we know as blue collar jobs. Secondary sector is very less developed in India. Okay, a lot of people are employed, they are disguised as unemployed, there is a lot of development in the third sector and it also has a huge contribution in the GDP. It has the highest contribution in the GDP. In a way, we have taken a leap frog in the society. That we moved directly from the primary sector, which is also called the agricultural sector (synonyms), we moved to the tertiary sector, we did not develop manufacturing properly, so to develop it, the government took this scheme, this particular A scheme, Scheme B link to First Time Employees Incentive. To both employee and employer for EPFO contributions in the specified scales for the first four years, for the previous four years, both the employee and the employer have to pay the same i.e. the one who Here, incentives have been kept for both the employee i.e. the one who is taking the job and the employer i.e. the one who is giving the job. Expected to benefit 30 lakh youth for the first four years. This benefit will benefit approximately 30 lakh youth. Government will reimburse EPFO. Contributions of Employees up to 2,000 per month for two years for all new hires. Now what is EPFO? EPFO is whatever is registered under the Employment Provident Fund Organization, that is, because of the formalized sector, we run two sectors, one is the formal sector and the other is the informal sector. Formal sector where all the businesses etc. are registered, that is formal sector, so what will the government do? Will it reimburse EPFO contributions of employers? Up to two employers means those who are giving jobs up to Rs 3000 per month for two years. What happens when you do the job? If you take a job then what happens to you, you have to contribute to EPFO which you get later at the time of retirement and the person giving you the job also has to do it, then what will the government do? 3000 per month for 2 years. The government has said that the government will give a contribution of Rs 3000 from the site of the employer who gives the job. This thing is fine for 2 years. There are three schemes in this, the remaining 20 lakh youth will be skilled over 5 years. They will be skilled in the period of 1000 industrial training ITIs which are industrial training institutes will now be upgraded. Course content and design are not that important. The skill is on the edge with the needs of the industry. Because we know, you can tell in the comment. Let me tell you which type of unemployment can you relate to this, that is, when do we see this type of unemployment? Just think a little bit about facilitating higher participation of women in the workforce, then the aim is to increase the participation rate of women in the workforce. Loans up to Rs. 7.5 lakh with a guarantee from a government promoted fund expected to help 25000 students every year, loan up to 75 lakh will not be that important but still look at the financial support for loans up to Rs 10 lakh for higher education, so what is all this? That the one who wants to take education will get the support of up to Rs 10 lakh. The people who have written about structural unemployment here are absolutely right. We are right that everyone is facing structural unemployment, which is called structural unemployment, so what happens in it is that there is a skill gap in it. There is a gap in the skills that the industry is demanding and what you have, that is why you are not getting employment. That's it. Unemployed unemployed is called structural unemployed unemployed. Okay, here I ask you a question. Female. Talking about workforce participation rate, it is a hot question. Hot question means a very important question, so don't understand anything else. According to 2011 census, what is the female workforce participation rate and what is the male workforce participation rate? This is a very important question which is repeatedly asked recently. In all the SSC exams I have been asked, tell me how much is female and how much is male, then keep in mind that the female work force participation rate is 25.5 and that of males is 53 26 or let's say 2 but rough. Let's see in rural and urban also, if this issue has come here then it is like this because I have taught you all the things, in rural the ruffle is 30.0 which is fine and in urban how much is 53.0. If I am telling for the mails then it means. There is a considerable gap, let's move forward now, inclusive human is right for all of us, inclusive human resource development and social justice, Purvodaya, Purvodaya means the states of the East, how many states, keep in mind, which states are these, this is Bihar, Jharkhand, West Bengal, Orissa and Andhra now. Understand carefully that Chhattisgarh is not included in this, Chhattisgarh is not included in this, that is, these five states will be covered under the Purvodaya Mission, our Finance Minister said this and at the same time, there was a lot of tinge, if you must have seen the budget which was presented then. The time started was at 11 am and how long did the rally last? If I am not Rang 1 hour 26 minutes. Well, the video is of one hour 28 minutes but as far as I know, it lasted for exactly 1 hour 26 minutes. If we calculate it easily, it was like this. Okay, so Amritsar Kolkata Industrial Corridor will be developed with a development with development of an industrial node at Gaya. An Amritsar Kolkata Industrial Corridor will be developed and which will be a central node at Gaya. This much of Bihar will be cleared, allocation of more Donate 3 Lakh Crore for Scheme Benefiting Women and Girls and one more thing which should be mentioned further, although Andhra Pradesh has been mentioned but Bihar has been given to Andhra Pradesh in abundance and it is not a matter of common sense for you to guess in this. Why would Bihar and the entire country have got all those things here? Because the government is in place, there is a big contribution of Bihar and Andhra Pradesh in it. Do you know that the government that is in place is Bihar and Andhra ? It has been formed only with the support of the state, so the cabinet does not have that important ministry as the supporting government of NDA, so it is obvious that it has got a very good location, okay, so you have to keep this thing in mind, this one which is the second one. The point is, this one is important and this one is important. I told you which are the five states. More than 100 branches of India Post Payment Bank will be setup in the North East region. Okay, these will be setup in the North East region of India Post Payment Bank. Branches Andhra Pradesh Reorganization Act Now this act came in 2014 under which we know how a new state Andhra was created by bifurcating Andhra Pradesh and that was Telangana and two states became Andhra and Telangana and Hyderabad. Was the common capital for the 10 years, Andhra had to build a new capital by 2024, which has not been done yet in Andhra because there was a change in the government in between, so now we know which new capital has been announced, when the government It has just been set up, that's why Chandrababu Naidu ji had announced that Amaravati, which he had in a way invaded, that Amaravati would be the capital of Andhra, so that was the vision, but as mentioned, there was a change in the government. So again now this will be made the capital and Rs 15000 crore will be given for it by the Central Government Polavaram E-Gration Project, it will be completed as soon as possible by the funding from the Central Government and this may ask you a question on which river. So this is in the Godavari River which is also known as the Dakshin Ganga which is the longest and the largest river of the Southern India and the Pennines Southern India. Its Tributaries You can recall how we had remembered M.S. Parap. Hua Person and World War One Hai Nahi Manjra Sabari Pen Ganga Pranhita Purna Vardha Ven Ganga and Indravati Whose Tributaries Are These Godavari's Moving Forward Essential Infrastructure True as Water Power Railways and Roads in Ku Partha Node on the Visakhapatnam Chennai Industrial Corridor and and You should know this Vakal node and where is the Vakal node and where is the corporate node, you can ask on which particular industrial corridor it is right and do not forget that what I told you is Amritsar Kolkata Industrial Node and where is its main node. It will happen in Gaya, it will happen in Bihar, okay now let's come to manufacturing and services, who has been focused here, what has been given to MSME that is Micro Small and Medium Enterprises, till then please tell us when do we celebrate MSME Day, Polavaram is Int. Going to be completed, now let's see Nikhil ji whether it is completed or not, but if it is going to be completed, it should be done because the government in Central and the government in Andhra are both in the alliance, Credit Guarantee Scheme for MSME, so the opposition was worried about this. Had tinged that what is the meaning and actual, not that Himachal Pradesh was also given a good amount of funds when there were floods there and there is a BJP government there too, hence the people voted for the Credit Guarantee Scheme. MSME New Assessment Model for MSME Credit: This is important, which one is this one? It is very important in Orange that the limit has been increased under Mudra loan, earlier it was Rs 20 lakh i.e. Rs 10 lakh, now it has been increased to Rs 20 lakh in Tarun category, which means this. Questions were asked from Mudra Scheme in CGL 2022 and in all the recent SSC exams , be it CPA or CHSL, questions were asked in that also. What questions can be asked from it? See again, I have told you many times earlier. So what is its full form? Micro Unit Micro Unit Development and Refinance Agency. Its full form is Development and Refinance Agency. When was it launched? It was launched in the year 2015. Who funds it? The question that was just asked was CPO or Sorry in CHSL, it was asked in CPO itself whether one does sit in CPO or selection post and this is 100% done by Small Industrial Development Bank of India. Whose head quarter is located in Lucknow and was established in 1990. If we talk about Mudra under SEBI Sorry B Act, then three types of loans are given in it and it was launched to promote the MSME, Shishu Kishore and Tarun three. Types of loans are given: Under Shishu, loans up to Rs 50,000 and Rs 50,000 are given. Under this, if we talk about teenagers, loans ranging from Rs 0,000 to Rs 5 lakh are given under Tarun, under which currently it was Rs 5 lakh to Rs 10 lakh. Okay, it was Rs 10 lakh, now it has been revised to Rs 20 lakh. If you have repaid the old loan, then you have to keep these things in mind: When was it launched, who is financing, what is the full form, credit support to MSME during the stress. Period Scheme for Provide Internship Opportunity in 500 Top Companies. Internship opportunity will be created in the top 500 companies of India i.e. the top 500 companies in India in the next 5 years . What will be done for that? Allowance will be given. 5,000 per month, 5,000 per month and if you take a one-time assistantship like internship, you will be given ,000 and then 5 times every month, 5,000 will be given to you through the CSR funds. What is this? This is called Corporate Social Responsibility which companies usually do in this. They are there, that is, there are norms that if the turnover of the companies is above Rs. 100 crores and the net profit is up to Rs. 5 crores, then they are given the responsibility that they have to fulfill the social responsibility like you have done some social drives. If you have helped the disabled, have helped the poor, have done something for women, have done something for the children, then you have to invest some money from your profit there, then what will you do under that? Now the companies are given 10 But the assistance which is from sir funds will have to be given under this, this 5000 will be given by the government and 6000 will be given one time, out of which 10 per cent will be given under Internship Assistance Parks under the National Industrial Corridor Program, this data is important, okay. 12 10 11 In this way, which are those five states of ours? 12 Industrial parks will be setup under the National Industrial Corridor Development Program. Rental housing is not important. Okay and this is the full form of VGF Viability Gap Funding, if you ask. Critical Minerals Mission for Domestic Production, Recycling and Overseas Acquisition. Keep in mind that the Critical Mineral Mission has been launched, under which the customs duty etc. applicable on many minerals has been abolished, now we will see, okay. So the list of minerals is not here nor do you need to know that I had put two PDFs, so this PDF will be able to recognize which one is the second one, it has all the minerals in it Strength Ning of the Tribunal and Alate Tribbles to speed up Now you can recall any amendment from the Tribunal Can you recall any part of the Constitution then you should recall Which part is UPSC in which part Recall which part is UPSC in which part number Part number 14a is given in 14a regarding the tribbles which was inserted by 42nd amendment. 14a let's move ahead and now let's come to how the focus will be on urban development. So stamp duty will be reduced. Such a center is saying that it will tell the state that whenever a property is purchased, there is a stump duty. If it is being registered in the name of Memon, then reduce the stump duty further. You must have seen that whenever a property is registered. If yes, then the females of your house, mother, grandmother, etc. are remembered because the money spent on writing is less. When the property is written, that is why the properties that get the house etc. named are in the name of females only. If they get it done and it will attract less stump duty then it will be more promoted so that should be in their name Envisioning street markets, maybe you are not seeing it, let me tell you Envisioning a scheme to develop 100 weekly hearts for street food hubs in street In cities which are street cities, the heart will be developed in such a way where people come on weekly basis and all these things to eat there are fine. Transit Oriented Development Plan for 14 Large Cities with the Population of 30 Lakhs, then in the states with population above 30 Lakhs, 14 transit oriented development plans will be developed in this way for 14 cities and if water management will be done here in 100 large cities, then a little Data Remember, keep this PM Awas Yojana in mind, when was it lunched, by linking PM Awas Yojana to it in this way, he can ask you questions. Well, I have not even talked about NPS yet, NPS is not even there yet, the tribal one is there. I think it will be ahead, it is okay, no one will be ahead, so if we talk about PM Awas Yojana, it was launched in the same year in which Mudra was launched. It was launched by Mauha in 2015. Mauha means Ministry of Housing and Urban. In fact , 2.0 means like SSC GK 2.0 batch, yours is the upgraded version of SSC GK batch, it is the same. Needs of 1 crore urban poor and middle class families will be addressed with an investment of 10 crores. An investment of Rs 10 lakh crore will be made and 1 crore urban poor will get benefit from it i.e. houses will be developed for the people living in the urban areas. Okay, let's move ahead. Let's come now on energy security. How to achieve energy security? What will be the focus, Bharat Small reactors will be set up, Research and development will be promoted in this, Bharat Small Modular Reactor and New Technologies for Nuclear Energy, so we know that whatever nuclear energy is, it is by far the clean source of Energy as compared to other sources of energy like thermal: The thermal that we make from coal emits a lot of green house gases and it is our major source of energy but nuclear energy cannot be called a completely 100% clean source. Because of energy, what do we need for nuclear energy also, do we need a nuclear source like for example or uranium? Well tell me which are the mines in India which are famous for uranium. If it is extracted from the mines then there would be some impact on the environment. It is the same but when it is used to generate energy, it does not emit that much GHG gas. Okay, so with uranium, we know what we do with it. We read about it every day in the PVA series that 92 u235. What do we do with it? We make it hit by neutrons. Nuclear fusion takes place in it. Nuclear fission takes place. Fission takes place. Barium and Cryptonomicon give what we use as coolant. What do we use as control rods. If we have read all the things then this happens. What is big, big setup is very big, now small such setups will be developed so that it can be made more compatible. If it is small, then research and development can also be done in it well, so these have been named Bharat Small Reactors. Okay, your homework is that you are nuclear, whatever is our power plant, like the first shut setup was done in Tarapur and the one which was recently in the news was Kalpakkam in Tamil Nadu because the fast breeder reactor was installed there, so all You will see who will map up their location where, if we were lecturing on Piva's series then it is obvious that I would have got it located and I have also got it done for you, but now we are a little confined here, okay? If this is the thing, then you should keep this thing in mind. This is the most important thing that here in India, what is the small reactor associated with? How do we generate energy in nuclear energy? We generate energy from nuclear fusion. Energy from nuclear fission. And if we talk about mines then Jhar Suguda is located in which state? Please tell me Jhar Suguda mines. Now let's move ahead here. A joint venture between NTPC National Thermal Power Corporation and BHEL Bharat Heavy Electronics Limited will set up. They will set up a full scale 800 MW plant. Now see what is written about PM Surya Ghar Free Electricity Scheme. When the budget was presented, this scheme was also mentioned there. PM Modi had said that it will be implemented in Ayodhya. What will be done under this? 300 units of electricity will be given free every month to 1 crore households. How will roof top solar installations be done and under this so many registrations have been done so far, 1.28 lakh and 14 lakh people have applied. You do not have to memorize the data of registration and application here. You have to memorize this data. 1 crore house load and 300 units of free electricity will be given. You have to tell where the head quarter of International Solar Alliance is located. Now let's come to the infrastructure. This is us in the eighth page and I think our total 13 is something like page 121 Okay highlight the important things Do it, I am telling you important things like this thing is important, it is okay and both NTPC and BHEL will be found here, it is important, these two things, the data is important, so I am telling you this thing is okay. Under infrastructure, Rs 111 i.e. Rs 11 lakh 11111 crore is not for infrastructure but it is 3.4 per cent of GDP gross domestic product is 3.4, this much has been allocated for infrastructure. Rs 1.5 lakh crore has been allocated to states as long term interest free loan will be given to support resources. Allocation phase four of PMGSY will be that Gramin Sak Sadak Yojana will be launched to provide all weather connectivity to 25000 rural habitations. You should keep in mind that this is phase four of Pradhan Mantri Gramin Sadak Yojana to provide connectivity to 25000 rural habitations. This is not that important data, it is okay, look here, financial support will be given, Kosi Mechi Inter State Link and 20 other on going new schemes worth Rs. 11500 crore, Kosi is whose tributary of Ganga, we know that this is Ganga, Ramganga, Gomti, Ghaghra, Gandak, Kosi and Mahananda is fine, this Kosi is a tributary of Ganga and the one in Menchi is a tributary of Mahananda. It is a trans boundary river between India and Nepal. If this river flows in the middle of the boundary between India and Nepal, then they will be linked. This is not that important a fact, it is not as important as if I did not tell you that there was flood in Himachal, then assistance will be given for that and Assam, Uttarakhand and Sikkim will also be given grants etc. Now we will see under which head the grants will be given. Come in the revenue one, come in the capital one, you can tell, now I will tell you again, if you are regular in PYK series, then you know this thing, let's move ahead, infrastructure is very very important, most important. If there is anything then it is Vishnu Pad Temple Corridor to be developed and Mahabodhi Temple Corridor model at Kashi Vishwanath Temple Corridor where in Bihar I repeat again Vishnu Pad Temple Corridor and Mahabodhi Temple Corridor like Kashi Vishwanath Temple Corridor has been developed. In the same way, it will be developed on the same lines. Gaya is right in Bihar, where we saw that it will become the nodal center. The one that links Amritsar to Kolkata, which is our route, Gaya has been made the nodal center in this Vishnu. Pad Temple Corridor and Mahabodhi Temple Corridor will be developed in Rajgir which was earlier known as Rajgiri which we know used to be the capital at the time of Magadha. Comprehensive Development Initiative for Ajir will be undertaken which holds religious significance. For Hinduja Sa Rajar, keep in mind that Nalanda University has also been developed here. The development of Nalanda is judged as a tourist center based on reviving Nalanda University to its glorious structure. Now we have seen that our new Nalanda University which was the old one It was here, right, in Nalanda, where we saw how Bakhtiyar Khilji had destroyed that university. Then again, our PM, who was our President, APJ Abdul Kalam ji, had a vision for this, and now recently the PM. If Modi is right in inaugurating Nalanda University, then it will be further revived and a tourist center will be built there, then you can see how much focus has been placed on Bihar here and Andhra Pradesh has already seen Andhra Pradesh. And why was it kept under the Reorganization Act? Again you know, the focus will be on innovation research and development under which the research National Research Fund will be operationalized. What is this? Recently a question was also asked on this in SSC, that question was like this, it was exact, so I I don't remember but there was a question like this because a bill had just been passed regarding this, what was that name of yours, its name was Research National Research Bill 2023, which was presented in our winter session of the Parliament. Under which the SERB that is the Science and Engineering Research Board Act of 2008 was repealed and abolished. This particular bill has abolished the Research National Research Bill. Under this, this fund has been developed and a fund will be created under which Research and Development will be further promoted, this thing has to be kept in mind in the medical sector, private sector driven research and innovation at lesser scale with the financing pool, Rs 1 lakh crore for research and development in the private sector. To promote the given not important space economy, a venture capital fund of Rs. 100 crore has been set up here. To promote the space economy, we have already seen how Agnikul Cosmo, like us, you must have heard, is a Chennai based startup. In a way, it is participating well in the space sector, isn't it? And that is why we should participate in the space sector. Thousand crores of rupees of venture capital has been kept separately for the private sector. Okay, let's move ahead. What is the priority here? Well, that is the same thing, Next Generation Reforms, Rural and Urban Land Related Actions, Unique Land Parcel Identification Number and Bhu Aadhaar, this particular ID number will be given to all the lands, which will make it easier for many governments if they have to do something many times. Compensation has to be given many times. If the government runs such an infrastructure project, then compensation etc. has to be given or sometimes you see that land disputes also take place, so that all those things do not happen, for this, Unique Land Parcel ID is a way. It will be given from the mobile phone which is also called land base, everything is clear here and GIS mapping land records in urban areas will be digitized, that is, you will be able to see all the land records etc. sitting on the phone, everything is Geographic Information System. Under mapping, GIS systems will be digitized. What are cadastral maps, that is, those parts of land which are of a similar type, then we group them like this and call them installed maps. We are fine, this is a thing, but taxonomy of climate finance is not important. FDI Never Yes it is important NPS Vatsalya National Pension Scheme is run National Pension Scheme is run under which you can contribute something, at a certain age you get money, this scheme has now been brought for children, for children and their parents. Or the guardians can make contributions under NPS Vatsal when they turn 18 and hit that maturity, after that if they want to convert it into normal NPS then they can also be converted into normal NPS. So NPS Vatsal, keep this in mind. It has been latched and till now NPS was for 18 plus, now it has been latched for minors also, it is clear, the solution is fine, it is relevant and if we discuss a little about NPS here, then who regulates the pension? Fund Regulatory which is what we call Regulatory Development Regulatory and Authority that is PFRDA which comes under the Finance Ministry, it regulates it and it was launched in the year 2004, okay in 2004, okay let's move ahead, now let's come to what is taxed. Proposal Simplification and Tax In this we do not have to remember many things, we have to remember a few things, I will tell you actually because of tax etc. Let me tell you now, okay, let's see first, so what is there here that the custom duty is changed. Custom duty has been completely removed on three cancer medicines. Now what is this custom duty CD which we also call BCD. Here you will see written BCD. Basic custom duty which is applicable on import and export and not beyond that . Tax is levied, it is called custom duty, the government imposes it because there are many governments like brother, what are the foreign governments, the companies put the goods cheaply in a domestic market, so that the domestic market there gets destroyed as if Take a company from China that dumped mobile phones here at very cheap prices and uprooted a company like Micro Max. Because of that, what happens to the domestic market of the country, it gets destroyed, hence a little tax is also imposed. It is necessary to impose what are also called tariffs, although there are also anti-dumping duties specifically for that thing, but yes, the purpose of custom duty is the same, so BCD means basic custom duty which is levied at the time of import and export. If there is a reduced BCD, the on mobile fee was Rs 15. Earlier this custom duty was charged at Rs 20, now it has been reduced to Rs 15 in mobile fee, that is, it will become cheaper. It is general and from the exam level, I do not think that the custom duty is that important which is on gold and silver. It has been reduced to 6, okay and in platinum it is 6.4 but this is also not that important, you can see this too but the things are not that important, that is okay, these kind of facts are important for the general public oho. It is now 15, mobile phones will become cheaper but for us what we read earlier was important and you too are going to read this later. The thing is written here that the short term type of financial asset to attract tax will be Rs 20 and the long term asset will be taxed at Rs 12. Like some of you may be playing shares etc. or someone in your house. If you do it or even if you don't do it, then understand that it is done by doing a Forex trading, that is, where you do day trading or whatever you do, whatever you gain in the short term, any financial asset, I share it. I am giving an example, like suppose I bought a property for 20 lakhs, ok and sold it in a month for 30 lakhs, so it is a kind of, in a very short term, I got a capital gain, in a very short term, I got money. If there is a gain of Rs.20 then it will be taxed at Rs.20. Now it would have been taxed at Rs.15. How much would it have been at Rs.15? So if you change it from Rs.15 to Rs.20, that is, the government wants to disincentivize those who want to invest short term capital gains. It means you earn money in just one day, okay in a very short time and long term which used to be done earlier was at 10%, the government increased the tax to 12.5% but earlier the amount was given on capital gains. That you don't have to pay any tax on the money you earn up to ₹ 1 lakh, you don't have to pay any tax, now it has been increased to 1.25 lakh, you don't have to pay up to ₹ 125,000, angel tax has been completely abolished, it is a very Important point: What is angel tax? So the companies, especially the startups, tell me when do we celebrate Startup Day? What do the startups do? Those who take funding from foreign or anywhere, especially from abroad, how do they take funding for their shares? They sell their stake, for example, suppose I started a company, I and my friend, or if only I started it, then suppose I have the entire stake of Rs. 50. Suppose I started the company, or 100% stake in my name. Now I have to raise money to grow my startup. So what will I do? I will sell my shares. Brother, take 10% stake in my company and give me this much money. Okay, so what do companies usually do? If you sell your shares at a rate above the fair value, so that you can raise more money, then the actual price of your shares which is above its fair value, when you sell it at a higher value than that, then the extra money beyond that is taxed. It seemed that why was that called angel tax imposed, it was brought by Pranam Mukherjee when we were the finance minister in 2012, so that's what many people used to do that what is black money or money learning which we call, then what is through money learning. They used to give money to startups, they also got the share and what happened that the money from money lending was also used here, so it was used for all the things, it has been completely abolished. It has been provided for safe harbor rates for foreign mining and corporate tax which are foreign companies. Corporate tax is a form of tax, direct or indirect. Now let me tell you, it has been decreased from 40 to 35, that is, it has been reduced for us. Brother, it is not important which lab you come to, what will be the percentage of tax, like if you are between zero to ₹ lakh, then you do not have to pay any tax, it was the same earlier also, and earlier it was that it was between ₹ lakh and ₹ If you earn money up to ₹ lakh then you will have to pay tax on ₹ 5 lakh but now instead of ₹ 5 lakh it has been made ₹ 7 lakh . The money between ₹ 7 lakh to ₹ 10 lakh will be taxed on ₹ 10. Okay 10. Now it does not happen like that. Suppose someone is earning Rs 13 lakhs, then Rs 20 lakh will be charged on that Rs 13 lakhs. This does not happen. Well, it happens that there is no tax on your initial Rs 3 lakhs. Beyond that, suppose my income is Rs 13 lakhs. If it is, then the initial Rs 3 lakh will be removed, the remaining Rs 10 lakh is from 3 to 7 lakh, it will be on 5, in the case of 7 to 10 it will be on 10 and the remaining 3 is because I earn 13 lakh, so I earn the remaining 3. I am telling this just like that because earlier I used to think so, then ever since I started paying taxes, I have come to know that it is okay that this happens, let's move ahead now. Come Rupee comes from and Rupee goes from, now from here many things are important. Okay, where is the money coming from and where is the money going, this is our last point and we will understand it well till now we will clear things to everyone Sir 13 Earn lakhs, custom gift tax, these are direct taxes, let us first explain to you about the tax, then we come to the last point, our tax which is tax and two. There are two types of direct tax and indirect tax, we ourselves call it direct tax, we call it indirect tax, it is directly payable to the government, that is, it has to be paid directly to the government, on whom the onus is, that is, the one who has to pay the tax. It cannot be passed on, meaning like for example GST is it, it is a form of indirect tax Goods and Services Tax, it is levied on everything like you people buy a course, okay so I am included in that. GST has to be paid on 18th and if I want, I can transfer it to you, it will not be like that by telling you like you say that 000 is ₹1 and assume that ₹1 is ₹1, okay then consider that. Take ₹ 1 ₹ 1 is the fee for something, I have to pay ₹ 1 to the government, in that I will increase the course to you, increase the price of the course and sell it to you, okay, so all the companies do that, there are as many companies as there are, you can take whatever you want. There is GST in every product, so it happens like this, so what did I do, I got you to pay GST, we are the government directly, why does GST keep increasing a lot, because people feel as if you are buying a product from someone, then it is like this. You will feel that this company has made it expensive but why has the company made it expensive because it has to pay more tax to the government, then GST is a form of indirect tax, customs duty which we were seeing just now or BCT Basics Customs Duty, that is yours. There is indirect tax which is your excise duty which is the tax levied on the domestic industries which are producing here in India, it is called excise duty, so earlier there used to be many indirect taxes like VAT. Valued Tax But we know that under One Nation One Tax, all the indirect forms of taxes have been merged under GST from July 1, 2017 onwards. What are direct taxes, which have to be paid directly and what is this? Now you understand, many people keep asking, Sir, what happens is they keep increasing. Now I understand that if you earn up to Rs 3 lakh then there is no tax, like the income increased at Rs 5 and the income increased. And the tax rate increased and the income increased and the tax rate increased and the income increased and the tax rate increased Tell me in the comment that I told you about a curve that if you keep increasing the tax rate, keep increasing, keep increasing, then there will come a point where your tax The collection will start decreasing. Which curve tells you whose name starts with L and Lawrence Curve? If you wrote it then we are telling you then we are fine here, that is why we call direct tax as progressive tax rate progressive because it is It is progressive, as your income is increasing, we call it proportional because no matter what your income is, if your household income is Rs. lakh per year or Rs. 1 crore, if you purchase my course or you will buy Perleji biscuits. Or if you buy a laptop, you will have to pay that much tax, whether you have an annual income of Rs 1 lakh or Rs 1 crore, that is why it is called proportional tax and sometimes we also call it regressive tax and because it is progressive, that is why it is Which is marginal tax, it is always greater than the average tax. Marginal tax rate is greater than the average tax rate. If you understand this then it is fine. Otherwise, for this you will have to watch Pawai's series. It is fine because it is a little deep and he Don't understand right now, okay, I have already explained this in Piva's series, but let me try to explain, if you understand then it's okay, okay, my income is 12 lakhs, okay, let's say 12 lakhs is my income, first of all the tax is zero. The rate is read, then 5 10 15, then find out the average of 5 10 15, 15, 10 25 and 25 5 30 divided by 3, so the average came out at 10, I paid the average tax rate at 10, didn't I pay at 12? Average tax rate up to lakh Now, let's say I am earning Rs 13 lakh, now let's say Rs 13 lakh, then the extra Rs 1 lakh I will pay on top of that at Rs 20 is called marginal, the extra margin I earned is worth Rs 1 lakh, beyond that I get I had to pay Rs 20 but my average was Rs 10, that is why we call marginal tax rate, it is higher in direct tax than the average tax rate. What are the examples in this? So, first of all, income tax is the corporate tax which businesses have to pay. Gift tax is fine, gift tax is done, wealth tax, income tax or wealth, gift tax, custom, when I am saying sorry custom, corporate tax, all this. It is okay for you, tell me which of these we know as paper tax, then this income tax and your gift tax, we also know them as paper tax, this is the thing you have to keep in mind. Now let's move ahead, where is the money coming from and where is it going? The money that comes to the government is called its revenue and the money that goes out is called its expenditure, that is, the expenditure is okay. Now it is called income tax. 19 But now the government is getting most of the money from Boeing. Where does all this come from? Okay, let's see right now . Most of the money is received from Boeing. 27 But it is income tax and corporate tax. But in reality, if we only If we take only taxes, then most of the income comes from tax, the contribution comes from GST and other taxes, but corporate tax is also at 17 and the union excise duty that is levied, which is yes but domestic production is taking place. But the tax that is levied is called excise duty, it is at Rs. 5, that is fine, where is the rest going? If we look at the most money, then if we look at the most money, then it is the states' share of the taxes, just like the government collects GST, the central government. So, the state's share also has to be paid in it, so it goes there at the age of 21, after that, if we look at the interest payment %, what is this? If the government takes a loan, then it has to pay interest on it, so that is this. Okay, then if we talk about the Central Sector Scheme which is being run at 16, it is not centrally spun, it is at 8, it is twice the Central Sector Scheme, where the Central Sector Scheme is running at 100%, now you can assume that Major Major in it It means that till the age of 51, whatever money will be given by the Central Government, the major contribution will be given by the Central Government. The money given by the Central Government, above the age of 50, is called Central Sector Scheme, where the minor contribution is from %. We call it Centrally Sponsored Scheme of the Central Government, it is okay, now let us come to where the expenditure is the highest, then in defence, you can see that 4,54,000 means a lot, we spend a lot in defence, there is a need for a little of it too. Okay , considering the bordering countries like China and Pakistan, in our rural development, you do not need to memorize the data, just keep a little order in mind, defense, rural and agriculture are our top three expenditure then allocation to major scheme, how much was done in MG NREGA and the next one. How much will we do this year? We did Rs. 60000 crores and the target is Rs. 86000 crores for the next year. Just tell us in the comments. Have you read about NREGA today? Well, you have already read it in P's series. Have you read it even today? When did this NREGA Act come? Was it launched and when did this NREGA become MG NREGA, the rest is in this and you do not need to take much care, otherwise everything is fine and NREGA, this act came in 2005, it was launched on 2 February 2006, Wetland. On the day and second of October 2009, what was created from NREGA, what was created from NREGA, this was created from NREGA, MG NREGA, Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act, let us move ahead and now here is our last page, this is the last page of 177th number. The page is last, it is written Reciter Venue Reciter, Capital Reset is written here, Expenditure is written here, Revenue Expenditure is written here and Effective Capital Expenditure is written here. Understand this a little carefully, what is this? The money which is given to the government. We divide what comes and what goes out like two heads. Many of you will know all these things, it will be very easy for you because I have taught this many times but because this is the core of the budget and the budget itself. We are doing this, so let's see that there are two types of receipts and expenditure, what are they, here we present it in such a way as I taught you earlier, so that makes it easier for you, then this is You have one side of revenue, which we call revenue and the other side of capital, which we call capital, or money will come in it, how do I explain it to you from the pocket, this is your left pocket, this is your right pocket, this is your left. If money is coming in the pocket then from the Revenue Reciter pocket either money can come or it can go. If it is coming then Reciter is going then in Expenditure Right one money is coming then again Reciter Capital Recert and if money is going then Expenditure i.e. Capital Expenditure Capital Income Capital Expenditure Revenue Income and Revenue Expenditure Okay, now I have also told you that the money here It comes with great frequency, so there is tax and non-tax, so the money received by the Government of India through tax goes to the Revenue Receipt, where will it go to the Revenue Receipt and that is completely fine, how is the non-tax money like it has become a toll tax. Or do we accept that the interest rate is the interest payment, like the loan given by the government, the government gets the interest on it and the interest comes on the revenue side and where else will it come on the non- tax side? Okay , so all this. First of all, what will come in tax? The amount of direct tax and the indirect tax which I have taught you about a while ago, everything will come here, your toll tax money, interest payment, all this is complete. Money comes in this, what kind of expenses are there? So the expenses which the Government of India pays to its employees, the pension it gives to them, the interest paid by the Government of India on loans, all this goes from here because this is the frequency type of money that comes. If the government sells the capital of its asset, it sells the asset as if it has disinvested. Disinvestment means disinvestment i.e. it has sold its stake. Suppose there was a public sector undertaking and it sold its stake. Someone does the spectrum allocation, is it ours, did the spectrum allocation happen or is it a coal block? If someone sells it then it is called asset sale. One example of that is spectrum and coal block. These are also examples of that. Is disinvestment okay or not? If it has taken a loan, what is it, has it taken a loan ? If the government does not take the loan every day, it takes it sometimes, then the person taking the loan will go into it, what kind of expenses will it be? So the asset was being sold here by the government. Capital Expenditure is also called as Capex, in short it is our developmental expenditure which is for the development purpose of Government of India like it is setting up schools, schools have become colleges, it is setting up hospitals, it is building hospitals, it is building roads. Now if the road is being built, there will be toll booths built in between. The money that will come from it is a kind of asset for the Government of India. It is capital. The asset is going here, the asset is coming here, what is happening here, the asset. Here the asset is being created. From here the asset is going. Either the asset is going or the liability is increasing. How is the liability increasing? You have taken a loan, you will have to repay it. If the loan is your liability, you will have to repay it in the future. So your liability is increasing. What is here is that you are creating an asset, you are creating capital. If you are repaying the loan, then you are eliminating your liability. So either the asset is created here or So the liability goes away, it gets cleared, so much loan will be taken, Capital Recessor, if money is going, then Loan That is clear to everyone till here, if anyone has any doubt then tell them because the same things are written here, the revenue budget and capital budget, all the things are correct and here the last thing is to understand what is fiscal deficit and what is the government's decision . How much fiscal deficit target has been kept for 204 25 because this is very important because many people were approximating that the government will keep the target at 5.1 but the government surprised by keeping the fiscal deficit target at 4.9. On GDP, this is very important for the financial year 2024 25. The government has set a target of 4.9 percent of fiscal deficit. What is fiscal deficit right now? Why is it important because it was announced in the interim budget at 5 1 percent. But 4.9 has been made in the actual budget that has been presented. What is fiscal deficit ? So fiscal deficit shows how many borrowings the Government of India has done. It is a deficit, that is, the government's expenditure is more. Expenditure is more. So the total expenditure of the Government of India means add both the Revenue Expenditure and Capital Expenditure minus the total depositor, but there is a catch in it. There is a catch in FD, the catch is that the loan in it is your depositor, but if seen in actual, it is Why there is no income because you will have to repay it, you will have to repay it, it is okay one day, if you cannot sit on the loan, then it may seem as if the money has come but in actual. The money has not come, it has created its own liability which you will have to pay, then write the total rights excluding bangs or subtract the total reciting borrowings, write anything, write the total reciting borrowings or subtract the borrowings, that is, this The government is only showing this to your Boro Engs. It is okay that the government usually presents the fiscal deficit as zero. It is okay, usually the meaning of presenting the FD as zero is that it presents the total deficit as zero, that brother, look, it is zero but the fiscal deficit. You can get to know how much Borong you have kept because through this you have to reduce or remove Borong. Do not keep the Borong. In the receipt it says FD, do not keep it. It means that now your actual status will be known to the Government as to how much Borong you have kept. Now its target has been kept at 4.9 which was kept at 5.1 in the budget i.e. 20 basis points. 20 basis points means it has decreased to 0.2. The thought is over here. Okay, more in different ways. There are expenditures and there are deficits. Let's ask for a week what is the primary deficit and what is reduced in the fiscal deficit and I had asked you a question in that in the tax section that which tax is that or what is the tax rate? If you keep on increasing, then your tax will decrease. That is the Laffer curve, which kind of curve is formed. The curve is bell shaped, it is hour shaped, it is formed in such a way that if you keep increasing the tax rate, if you keep increasing, the tax will increase. Tax collection but then increase the tax rate too much, then people will think that why are we paying, why are we earning, when the entire tax has to be given to the government, then the tax collection will start decreasing. What is Lawrence Curve, that inequality curve. That's right, it is Lawrence curve, this Lawrence curve is inequality curve and Gini efficient where row means perfect equality and one means perfect equality and if we talk about what is in FD here. If there is a reduction, then it has to be reduced in the FD. The government pays the interest on the loan. It is called interest payment. This is the end of the lecture. I think it was our one hour lecture on the interim budget. Let's take a look at the important schemes in it. Because if more changes are seen then that also becomes important. You are right and one thing will not be asked whether angel tax is given under which particular section of Companies Act. Gini is absolutely correct in efficient section 56 of Companies Act. This is given right, it is levied under the Companies Act of 2013 and under the IT Act, Income Tax Act of 1961. Let me write here that it is levied under the Income Tax Act of 1961 and There is a mention in Section 56 of the Companies Act. It is good to see. Good means that there is no fiscal deficit at all and the Government of India is not bored but it is okay but something or the other is still there. Sir, you have made the slide very interesting and attractive. Sir, we have not made it. This is fine, this has been made by the Government of India and I have attached it directly, this is not the slide that I have made. All credit goes to the Government of India. All credit goes to the Government of India. It is fine. Please tell me the strategy of GK for CSE Mains, how to do it Nim Bhardwaj. The video will come most publicly tomorrow. Don't worry about Sisal Mains, I am also worried. Mostly it will come tomorrow. I did not understand the last two topics. Where should we study from? Nishank Singh Rajput. If you do not understand this then it means that you are very basic, basic, basic. I have covered in FRB. Sir, I have covered it in the FRB Free Revision Batch which is there . Do not make notes of it. Friend, I have shared the PDF on your telegram. If it is ok then it is ok then you can see it there. I have shared a PDF. If you have already done this then you will do it from this same PDF which is the same PDF which I have taken the screenshot of the slide. Okay, so do it from there. Don't make notes. Don't memorize everything of everything. It's okay, don't memorize everything. Whatever little things I have said, do them now, it is not that the sizzle will drip in 2024, okay, look at this a little, it's okay, look at this a little, and there is no need to take it too much to heart, okay , sir, I have come alone after a tour. I did not meet you alone, I did not say that you took me too, let's meet brother, let's meet tomorrow in the ohi ohi lecture, ok at 9 am in the Piva series lecture at 9 am, I will share the rest of it in pdf, Parmar SSC Telegram. The link of which is given in the description. It must be magic jaggery, yes it came, I wrote 'Jar Suguda', 'Nar Suguda', today I taught the coal mines, so I thought about it, 'Jhar Suguda' came out of the mouth, ' It came out of the mouth', 'It's okay, magic jaggery must be mines, yes, what or t badi' Yes, there will be magic jaggery mines. Okay, where are the magic jaggery mines in Orissa? Yes, there will be magic jaggery mines. There must be magic jaggery mines. Okay, magic jaggery mines. If there is magic jaggery, then Jhar Sagada is good. There, magic jaggery will be in Jharkhand. Okay, Jadoo Guda, so here in Jharkhand, you get uranium reserves, Jhar Suguda, so we had read that coal reserves are found in Jhar Suguda, okay, and the Jhar Suguda is in Orissa , Larat Gift Tux. What happens when you Let's say I have gifted a car to someone. You must have seen many big rich people gifting cars. All these things happen in weddings, so it seems like it is a good gift, thank you . Manan ji is also for labor