hello everyone this is your first lesson under earth and life science subject ninosas in your eye which is about the origin of the universe from the tiniest particle punta sapiena i'm going to show you here some pictures because we need first to define unbinding universe this is earth and we live on this rocky planet and this is part of the solar system together with seven more planets we call it solar from the latin word sol meaning sun and the solar system it is part of the milky way galaxy together with 200 million stars and the milky way galaxy it is one of more than a 125 billion galaxies that make up what yes the visible universe ortonata observable universe according to our definition right here the universe is the whole cosmic system of matter and energy of which earth and therefore human races apart so as in everything from the atomic level up to the biggest stars in galaxies yes parchin and universe union creation myth that is number one and number two is scientific theory origin of the universe let us start with creation myth according to the definition it is a symbolic narrative when we say narrative story and when we say symbolic then that story stands for something else and that something else is the beginning of the world as understood by a culture so it is something that concerns the existence of the universe as understood by a culture or we can say that as understood by a particular religion so alibaba is a genesis the creation of the entire cosmos took place in six days the biblical creation tells that god created the universe now in creation myth cannot consider when we say sacred banal participation on supernatural forces spiritual being a god a transcendental being considering a secret now characteristics so number one all creation myths are ideological of course etiological etiology it is the study of causation or the origination of something so on original universe what might have caused the creation of the universe by a supernatural force or forces perhaps an obeying intention and supernatural being and it is also philosophical and theological in the way it is elaborated because an existential philosophy of life that's among adherence and of course theological note that theology it is the study of god and lastly it it assumes a spiritual world is that there is someone or something or can be many of them that has or have the dominion or rule over the material world yes meron material world in the experience by our senses and there is also this spiritual world kung sandi dwell human experience okay and before we end up the discussion about creation myth i have this question to you um okay so what do you think about it so let us proceed at the next part which is about scientific theories about the origin of the universe let us start with the theory that is most accepted by the scientific community about the origin of the universe which is about the big bang theory it was proposed by alexander friedman essential mathematician and physicist at the george there was nothing and nowhere but due to random fluctuation in an empty void there was a great expansion can you imagine that there was nothing and nowhere accost it takes no time random if everything is created from the random flaw from random fluctuations i think it is just good to ponder on this small thing and put a spice of you know philosophy now going back so remember that this is not an explosion but an expansion has but in the again it was an expansion the vacant sending space time and matrix in all directions they are moving further apart so if the universe is expanding into something by theory and after millions of years by human hydrogen gas they clamp together and that's a great pressure in gravity because in the work nigerian gravity is among the fundamental forces of nature kasama young weak strong electromagnetic four fundamental forces of nature they form among stars in galaxies so ayun allaman di natin and masters are mostly hydrogen okay so we go back to the beginning big it stopped working now what if the big bang is the end of the previous universe and after the big bang creation universe then perform only into singularity form universe in international cyclic modern universe young bigbang and existed being shifting periods destruction and creation universe all right and we are done with the expanding universe theory now proceed into another alternative theory and origin of the universe it was proposed by thomas gould fred hoyle and hermann bonding on midnight 20th century so the theory proposed that the universe is unchanging in time and uniform in space is that steady theory i agree that the universe is expanding the answer is yes now how come now universally expanding peril and i'm unchanging the say i is a perfect cosmological principle okay so the universe is homogeneous and isotropic in space and time the same as it always has and always will and the universe appears to be just the same so it appears to look the same in a larger scale okay so a magrilla lamuna tigers a given definition zomai mas definitions it also views continuous creation of matter at the same rate that old ones become unobservable so dito nasa hoping observe young universe belong expanding and unchanging recessional velocity among astronomical objects expansional universe now theory expansion new amount of matter in a given region of space theory uh universe i am changing constant universe isotropic continuous creation of matter at eins theory will are in creation at destructional universe so it does not predict the future okay it is among evidences [Music] which contradicts the evidences okay let us proceed to the inflation theory it was proposed in 1980s by andreas albrecht allen guth paul steinhardt and andre lien the inflation theory proposed a period of exponential expansion of the universe prior to the more gradual big bang theory uh inflation theory is actually a extension on its standard big bank theory it was uh able to solve the limitations of big bang theory in the ninja challenge don't say standard b by theory because i'm a genuine flatness problem which is a geometry in the universe and your horizon problem the halden say uniformity now cosmic microwave background the tradition pero hindi nabuna proposed in 1960s by jen by john schwartz so indeed the assembly of particle type is replaced by a one-dimensional fundamental building block called stream ethereum is replacements of fundamental building blackmail fundamental building block where we can still think of a string as particles in a larger scale for strings to be recognized as just particles particles properties like you must okay again we can still think of a string as particle sparrow not a larger scale natalya and there is only one type of string but this string can vibrate into different ways and interact with other strings so starting illustration we have here graphite which is made of carbon atom carbon atoms chemistry okay and then proton at neutron a deeper union fundamental uh made of strings just like ordinary strings but a lot of physics are going on there okay it only is 330 i might aim it on a connect on general relativity in einstein which is studying the world of the very large engine quantum mechanics studying the world of the very small incompatible pakis unifying well it will be a breakthrough sufficient science and that's all for our lesson the origin of the universe i hope you learn and thank you so much you