hello and welcome to our lecture road to Rebellion you can probably tell where this is going uh today we're going to look at what virtual representation is and what they meant by no taxation without representation we've done a little bit of that but we're going to go for a deeper dive on this and we're going to look at the types of taxes that they think the colonial legislatures can pass and the types of taxes they're okay with Parliament passing so we'll be defining internal versus external taxes and revenue or money raising versus trade regulating taxes and we'll also look at how colonists about England to rescind taxes or laws they didn't like and what tactics were most effective now as part of grenville's plan of Imperial reform Britain issued the Stamp Act in 1765. this was a tax on paper and anyone who bought nearly any paper product would have to pay it so lawyers and newspaper editors in particular were not pleased it disproportionately affected their livelihoods Benjamin Franklin warned it would affect printers more than anybody now some historians argue that the stamp actress Britain's worst mistake in managing the colonies historian Jill lapor argues printers more than anybody could fight back one printer printed an allegory in which a tearful Liberty cries to her dying brother Gazette with a Gazette a newspaper so Liberty is crying and dying to to Gazette saying quote unless thou revive as quickly I shall also perish with thee and our lives we were not divided in our death we shall not be separated so because newspaper editors have to pay this tax it is seen as an attack on freedom of the press and freedom of speech it is also the very first internal tax imposed on the British North American colonies the first internal tax so as opposed to an external trade Duty that applies to Imports or exports this applied to products made in the colonies that never left the colonies and colonists argue that it violated their long-held colonial rights because for 60 plus years they hadn't had to pay an internal tax passed by parliament so they argued Parliament didn't have the right to do that because of benign neglect Parliament usually leveled external taxes while the colonial legislatures levied internal taxes making it worse this was also a measure to raise revenue this was a revenue raising tax about making money it's not about regulating trade which Collins to Greed Parliament have the right to do so for all those Decades of benign neglect Parliament hadn't passed a revenue raising tax on the colonies so colonists argued based on precedent based on benign neglect Parliament no longer had the right to pass either a revenue raising or an internal tax on these colonies if it's Revenue raising or internal they say only their local Colonial legislatures can pass that so colonists argue no taxation without representation that only the bodies were they already have Representatives can pass internal and revenue raising taxes while Britain responds with virtual representation as we saw last lecture the parliament represented the entire Empire not just those who voted for them eight Colonial legislatures passed resolutions condemning the measure and they're largely ignored now as we'll see these colonists especially in Boston are some very very dramatic people if you didn't get that from dying Liberty crying out to Gazette this is what the stoop actually looks like this is the stamp you had to buy if you wanted to print a newspaper have a college degree any kind of diploma a marriage certificate any kind of paperwork in court this is what you had to buy this is how the colonists picture it like I said they're a little dramatic so take a look at the next clip and what exactly went down with the Stamp Act