Overview
This lecture covers the Supreme Court case Wisconsin v. Yoder, its facts, constitutional principles, decision, and its impact on religious freedom and compulsory education laws.
Case Background
- Three Amish families in Wisconsin withdrew their children from public school after eighth grade due to religious beliefs.
- Amish families believed further public schooling conflicted with their values and preferred vocational training at home.
- Wisconsin law required children to attend school until age 16, so the parents were fined for early withdrawal.
- The case moved through the courts until reaching the U.S. Supreme Court in 1972.
Constitutional Principle
- The central issue was whether Wisconsin's compulsory education law violated the First Amendment right to free exercise of religion.
- Amish parents argued the law infringed on their religious practices.
- The state contended it had a compelling interest in ensuring children's education.
Supreme Court Decision
- The Supreme Court unanimously ruled in favor of Yoder and the Amish families.
- The Court determined that the state's interest in compulsory education did not outweigh the right to free exercise of religion.
- Chief Justice Warren Burger stated that the state's interest was not absolute and could not suppress other significant interests.
Significance and Impact
- The case set a precedent for balancing state interests with religious freedom.
- It influenced future cases concerning religious rights versus state laws.
- The decision spurred growth in the homeschooling movement.
Key Terms & Definitions
- First Amendment — Part of the U.S. Constitution protecting freedoms regarding religion, expression, assembly, and the right to petition.
- Free Exercise Clause — Section of the First Amendment preventing government interference with religious practices.
- Compulsory Education Law — Legislation requiring children to attend school up to a certain age.
Action Items / Next Steps
- Review the related Supreme Court cases for further study.
- Study the impact of Wisconsin v. Yoder on homeschooling and religious freedom cases.
- Prepare for exam questions on balancing individual liberties and state interests.