Good day students! Welcome back to Maesrang Techie YouTube channel! We are now in the new topic of third quarter. If you haven't watched our previous lessons, please check the links in the description box below. Week 5 lesson is all about the factors affecting the climate.
Check out our learning objective. Explain how different factors affect the climate of an area. So, what are you waiting for?
Prepare your ears, jot down notes, and most importantly, keep on watching! plan to go to a picnic or go to a beach, what are the things that you consider? Most probably, you will consider the time, place, and of course, the weather.
Weather affects your day-to-day activities. As we continue with our lesson, let us differentiate weather from climate. Can you guess this 4 picks 1 word?
That is right! This is weather. When we say weather, it is the condition of the atmosphere at a specific place and time.
What you see outside is the weather condition. For example, you wake up in the morning and you see the rays of the sunlight that lit your room. Therefore, your weather from that time is a beautiful sunny day.
In addition, weather may change from time to time or day by day. Let us discuss first the factors affecting the weather. The first one is temperature.
It is the degrees of hotness or coldness of a place. Temperature is affected by solar radiation reaching the Earth's surface. We can measure the temperature of a place using thermometer.
Second is wind. It is the movement of air in the atmosphere. We measure it with wind vane that tells the direction of the wind and anemometer that measures the temperature of the air. measures the wind speed.
Next we have air pressure. It is the force caused by the weight of air in the earth's surface. Even tiny air molecules have some weight and the huge numbers of air molecules that make up the layers of our atmosphere collectively have a great deal of weight.
To put it simply, it is the force exerted by the air and we can measure it with barometer in millibars. Next factor that may affect the weather is humidity. It is the amount of water vapor in the air. If there is a lot of water vapor in the air, the humidity will be high. The higher the humidity is, the wetter it feels outside.
It can be measured by hygrometer. Lastly, we have precipitation. It is the water falling from the atmosphere in the forms of rain, snow, or hail.
Forms of precipitation. precipitation depends on the temperature of the place where it falls. It can be measured using rain gauge.
And those are the factors that may affect the weather condition of a certain place. We have the temperature, wind, air pressure, humidity, and precipitation. Let's move on to our next topic. Can you guess again this four picks one word?
That is right. This is climate. Now, let us proceed to climate.
It is the general pattern of weather in a certain area over a long period of time. To tell the climate of a certain area, scientists study its precipitation and temperature for a period of 30 years. That is why climate is the average weather condition of the place for a long period of time.
Like weather, climate is the average weather condition of a place for a long period of time. has several factors that may affect. The first factor that may affect the climate is latitude.
Latitude is the distance to the north and south from the equator. It is the imaginary line that is parallel to the equator. Latitude determines the variety of climatic zones on earth. Our planet earth is divided into three major climate zones, namely tropical, Temperate and polar zones. Tropical regions are the low latitude.
Low latitude located near the equator. Temperate regions are the middle latitude. And polar zones or polar regions are the high latitude.
high latitude you have noticed that they are not equal why because earth's axis is tilted in 23.5 degrees sun's rays strike vertically in the places near the equator or in tropical regions. This makes the temperature higher in these areas and Philippines is near the equator. That is why we are a tropical country. Temperate regions have four different seasons, while the polar regions have low temperatures resulting to a cold climate. Take note of these, class.
Places that are near the equator have high temperature. Places that are far from the equator have low temperature. Or we can say, as the latitude increases, temperature decreases.
Let's proceed to the second one. And that's... That is altitude.
Why is it that during summer, many people visit Baguio City? Obviously, the reason is the cold climate there. Do you think the altitude of the place might affect the climate?
Yes, altitude is the height above sea level. The air temperature decreases as the altitude increases. Places with higher elevations have cold climates just like Baguio City. Every 1,000 meter, there is drop of 6.5 degrees Celsius. The decrease in air temperature is due to the decrease in air pressure.
Another example is Mount Kilimanjaro located in Africa. Africa is a place near the equator. Therefore, we expect high temperature.
However, how is it possible that the peak of this mountain is covered by ice? That is because of altitude. The mountain stands on the top of the mountain.
stands 5,895 meters above sea level. Again class, the higher the place is, the colder the temperature or temperature decreases as the altitude increases. Third factor is bodies of water. The climate of the place is influenced by the surrounding bodies of water.
Let's have an example. Look at the picture. It shows the British Isles and the the part of Russia near Moscow.
Being in the temperate region, both places have four seasons. Even though both places are the same latitude, the northern tip of British Isles has a more moderate climate due to the neighboring bodies of water. The British Isles experiences average maximum temperature of 17 degrees Celsius and an average minimum temperature of 0 degrees Celsius. degree Celsius.
Moscow, on the other hand, has an average maximum temperature of 21 degree Celsius and very cold winter with an average of negative 8 degree Celsius. Land heats and cools faster than the sea. Coastal areas have lower temperatures than inland areas. So take note class, places that are far from the bodies of water have extreme temperatures.
climates as there are no immediate bodies of waters that will help to circulate the movement of cold air and warm air next is topography it is another factor that affects the climate and one of topographic features of an area is mountain let us take a look of this picture moist wind coming from the sea flow up the mountain because temperature decreases as the altitude water vapor eventually condenses and there is precipitation. Since this is the side of mountain facing the wind, it is called windward side. The wind often loses its moisture content by the time it reaches the peak and thus flowing down on the other side called leeward side, air starts to absorb heat and becomes warm and dry. As a result, the area near the leeward side becomes dry and has less precipitation.
The dry region on the leeward side is called rain shadow. Vegetation in this region includes desert plants and grassland. And lastly, we have ocean currents. Ocean currents have also an important role in changing the climate of a certain area. Warm currents from the equator towards the sea.
Howard's poles carry water. On the other hand, cold currents travel from the poles towards the equator carry cold water. When ocean current carries cold water, the air above it becomes colder.
When this ocean current moves coastal region, the temperature of that area becomes lower. On the other hand, ocean current that carries warm water makes the air warmer. When this current goes toward a landmass, the temperature of that place become higher. To sum it up, ocean currents that bring along cold water to inland make the climate cold.
On the other hand, ocean currents that take along warm water to coastal areas make the climate warm. Again class, the five factors affecting the climate, latitude, altitude, bodies of water, topography, and ocean currents. And that ends our lesson this week. I hope you learned something new today.
Thank you so much for watching. Please don't forget to like, share, subscribe, and turn on the post notification button for updates. If you want a shout out, comment down below.
Shout out to Denise May Alban Leonard John Fidelino and Arcilie Andrew Bonilla Thank you so much for watching. watching thank you again class see you on my next video bye