Stereochemistry One-Shot

Introduction

• Important for B.Sc. first-year Organic Chemistry
• Previously completed Structure and Bonding
• Links to video, PDF notes, and Telegram group are available

Stereochemistry

• Isomerism:
  • Same molecular formula but different structure
  • Two types: Structural Isomerism and Stereo Isomerism

Structural Isomerism

• Chain Isomers:
  • Different order of Carbon bonding
• Position Isomers:
  • Different position of functional groups
• Functional Isomers:
  • Different functional groups

Stereo Isomerism

• Difference in spatial arrangement of atoms
• Geometric Isomers: Cis and Trans forms
• Configuration and Conformation Isomers

Geometric Isomerism

• Same structural formula but different arrangement of atoms around a double bond
• Cis-Trans Isomers:
  • On same side but different spatial arrangement

Optical Isomerism

• Four different atoms bonded to a carbon
• Mirror images that are not superimposable
• Dextrorotatory and Levorotatory Rotation:
  • Right (Dextro) and Left (Levo) rotation

Racemic Mixture

• Two enantiomers in equal proportion
• Optically inactive

R-S and D-L Configuration

• RS Configuration:
  • Absolute configuration, priority according to atomic number
• DL Configuration:
  • Indicates optical rotation

Meso Compounds

• Optically inactive even though there is a chiral carbon

Conclusion

• Important topics discussed in the chapter
• Other subjects will be discussed in the next lecture