Lecture Notes: Energy Systems in Exercise

Introduction

• Presenter: Matt from Movement System.
• Topic: Energy systems involved in exercise.
• Focus: Utilization of energy systems in different exercises, not detailed mechanisms.
• Importance: Understanding shifts in energy system utilization and training adaptations.

Key Energy Systems

1. ATP-PC Cycle

   • Fastest ATP production system.
   • Provides immediate energy (1-2 seconds of exercise).
   • Involves splitting phosphocreatine to form ATP.
   • Depletes quickly; limited duration of use.

2. Fast Glycolysis (Anaerobic Glycolysis)

   • Produces 2 net ATP per glucose molecule.
   • Converts glucose → pyruvate → lactate.
   • Supports activities like shot put, short sprints.
   • Mixed usage with ATP-PC system for events like a 100m sprint.

3. Slow Glycolysis (Aerobic Glycolysis)

   • Moderate ATP production and capacity.
   • Involves glucose breakdown through Krebs cycle and oxidative phosphorylation.
   • Used in moderate duration activities (30-90 seconds).

4. Oxidation of Carbohydrates

   • Full oxidation through Krebs cycle and oxidative phosphorylation.
   • Produces 38 net ATP per glucose.
   • Requires oxygen; slower but yield more ATP.
   • Primary in distance events (800m to multiple miles).

5. Oxidation of Fats

   • Involves lipolysis and beta oxidation of fatty acids.
   • Produces over 200 ATP but requires significant time and oxygen.
   • Becomes more dominant in very long-distance events.

Exercise Examples

• Shot Put: Relies primarily on ATP-PC system.
• 100m Sprint: Mix of ATP-PC and anaerobic glycolysis.
• Long Runs (Marathon): Combines aerobic carbohydrate metabolism and fat oxidation.

Summary

• Energy systems contribute differently based on activity duration and intensity.
• Training adaptations influence which systems are utilized.
• Fats are a major energy source in prolonged endurance activities.

Conclusion

• Encourage further inquiry and discussion.
• Recommended to watch related videos for detailed mechanisms.
• Join discussions on Strength and Conditioning Study Group on Facebook.
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