hey everyone nurse Mike here from simple nursing.com today we're breaking down SIADH and diabetes incipitus the key differences made simple but before we jump into it for my simple nursing members let's make sure this info actually sticks so grab your SIDH and DI study guides from your membership and be sure to follow along this will make it way easier to remember all the key points all right guys let's wrap up siadh versus DI syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone versus diabetes incipitus so in SIADH we stop urinating and we get SI soaked inside with low liquidy labs and in DI we diares or basically drain a lot of fluid so we get DI dry inside with high and dry lab values guys a lot of anx questions come from this so it's important to know that it all revolves around ADH the antid-iuretic hormone created in the posterior pituitary at the base of the brain our memory trick for this guy is ADH adds to H2O this guy keeps fluid in the body and not in the body now the synthetic form of ADH or basically the man-made or drug version ends in prein like desmoprein or basop prein guys it's given to decrease urine output and also helps to press up the blood pressure so I just think it's pressing on the veins but caution headaches are a huge priority since ADH adds the H2O guys our labs end up low and liquidy leading to hyponetriia that low sodium below 135 we're talking swelling in the brain leading to seizures and then to death so the big enclelex key word here is headaches guys write that down or even confusion or agitation usually those are the first signs of that low sodium hyponetriia so let's break these down one by one for siadh just think C for Spanish which basically means yes so yes ADH yes add the H2O so the body gets really soaked with fluid now guys this is super simple just use our memory tricks the seven S's for SIADH our first S is for stop urinating we get low urine output and this means sticky stinky and thick urine this means keyword high urine specific gravity guys over 1.030 this means we've stopped urinating so whatever does come out is thick like paste now think SI for soaked inside or basically swollen inside we get really low liquidy lab values with key words here hypo or low ceramos mmolality and hyponetriia or low sodium guys always huge enclelex favorites write those down so again the enclelex is going to try and trick you so SI think soaked inside guys low liquidy labs key words again decreased blood camos mmality and decreased sodium below 135 next S is again for ENLEX favorite guys sodium that is low i'm going to keep on harping this because the Enclelex loves to test you on this so swelling in the brain with cerebral edema and seizures and death often the earliest signs big ENLEX key word here guys headache headache headache but also confusion and agitation next S is again for seizures from that low sodium so guys we set up seizure precautions for SIADH with that low sodium huge priority next is for severely high blood pressure since SIADH we stopped urinating and now we're swelling inside guys blood pressure will be up as well as edema will be up which brings us to our last test guys we stop urinating out so we stop fluid in now that's pretty simple right but the key word here guys is that we add salt to prevent those seizures from that low sodium so we'll stop all IV fluids except if we need to give that 3% saline or that sodium chloride via IV and lastly we can always give diuretics to drain that slow and fluid-filled body but guys that didn't even come up once throughout the 10,000 enlex questions we surveyed to build this script so diuretics are probably not a main intervention here okay now switching gears here let's jump over to DI or diabetes incipitus so the memory trick for DI is die ADH die guys ADH is dead so we can't add to H2O the body ends up urinating like all over the place peeing like a big circus elephant so guys this is super simple the patient in DI will just look very dehydrated and literally the exact opposite of that swollen SI ADH so guys remember the seven Ds of DI so DI think diaresing or draining fluid with high high urine output guys up to like 20 lers at a time so we get very diluted urine so very low low specific gravity less than key word here 1.005 that's a huge enclelex term we saw this a lot so think about all that urine coming out guys what's happening on the inside well yeah you're getting dehydrated so high and dry labs so guys think DI for dry inside high dry labs here so Enklex key words write these down hyper or high blood serum osmolality and hyperetreia that high sodium over 145 guys big enlex number right there again they're going to try and trick you so again di dry inside high and dry labs very thick pasty blood with increased sodium and increased blood serum osmolality basically meaning you're going to have really thick blood now the next few D's we drink a lot of water guys patients are going to have increased thirst you also have dry dehydrated bodies with dry mucous membranes and poor sluggish skin tur as well as a big one here guys decreased increase blood pressure write that one down now our last D and another Enclelex favorite here D for desmopressin or ADH in drug form also called vasop prein so guys remember this adds the H2O it's ADH so desmopressin think it decreases urinary output and also increases blood pressure by pressing on the veins now a huge caution here guys it causes death again from that low sodium so remember since desmopressin decreases urinary output it can also decrease sodium causing deadly headaches which again leads to seizures now the causes of SIADH and DI are very similar both revolve around damage to the brain so guys anything that puts pressure on the pituitary since ADH is made in the pituitary so for DI remember D for damage to the brain like tumors trauma and even brain surgery this can cause increased ICP or basically increased intercraanial pressure which squeezes the pituitary now the big difference from SIADH is the ENLEX key words here guys write this down small cell lung cancer and even carcinomomas and also ectopic tumors in the lung that secrete ADH our two other S's again are from brain damage so severe brain trauma like NDI and even sepsis or infections of the brain like menitis and even viral pneumonia now for nursing care in both conditions guys we strictly monitor eyes and O's both input and output basically meaning how much fluid's going in versus how much is going out now guys this is huge since it will tell us if the drugs we're giving are working to correct the issue so a great indicator is Enclelex keywords guys daily weights not weekly weights don't let the enclelex trick you here guys daily weights since typically weight gain means water gain and that really goes for any condition so guys if the patient is losing weight rapidly or suddenly it usually means they're losing water rapidly or suddenly or they're gaining it vice versa so guys it's no bueno on the Enclelex all right guys that wraps it up for SIDH versus DI in this next segment we're going to be breaking down the top four missed enclelex questions in this segment so let's do it what does the nurse expect to find in a patient with syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone guys select all that apply so before you even look at the options look at SI ADH syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone guys I recommend to always draw out the little figure the little fat dude and guys remember we stopped urinating so we have low urine output with very sticky thick urine high specific gravity also if you guys drew out your little fat dude we have soaked on the inside for SI guys low liquidity labs so sodium is going to be low we're going to have seizures so let's look at our options here number one we have low blood osmolality yes guys low liquidity labs that's what we're looking for option number two here increased serum osmolality no guys that's DI dry on the inside we have low liquidity labs option number three low specific gravity no guys in SI we have very sticky thicky urine high specific gravity okay what about option number four hyponetriia yes low liquidy labs and number five is also a yes guys decreased urinary output since in SI we stopped urinating when caring for a patient in SI ADH what does the nurse expect to implement select all that apply guys the keywords here is SIA ADH and expect to implement so before we even look at the options guys the easiest way to tackle this is the S's in SI i'd recommend drawing a big circle with arms and legs for SIADH it shows that our patient is really swollen and stopped urinating so let's recall the S's of SIADH guys we stopped urinating out so now we have sticky thick urine on the outside with high specific gravity and guys since we stopped urinating out we stopped the fluid in so we get swollen on the inside guys with low sodium as well as seizures so let's select all that apply guys option number one IV maintenance fluid guys normal sailing no guys we stop the urine out so we stop the fluid in we don't want to add to that swelling number two fluid restriction yes since we stopped urinating guys we stopped the fluid in how about sodium restriction no guys we have low sodium in SI very low liquidity labs we need to add the sodium okay how about option number four here seizure precautions yes guys remember the S's we have seizures with that cerebral edema from that low sodium and how about option number five we monitor strict eyes and O's guys that's definitely yes always for both SI and even DI and lastly if you chose number six you are completely wrong measure weights weekly no guys we're measuring daily enclelex will try and trick you guys weight gain means water gain not weekly always daily want more insider tips and tricks for Enclelex style questions well our simple nursing membership has exit prep lectures and thousands of questions covering every nursing school and enclelex topic a client with a brain tumor develops diabetes incipitus which data should the nurse expect to find guys keywords here diabetes and cipotus and expect to find select all that apply now guys before you even look at the options always recall what the heck is DI well DI we're diarasing or draining fluid guys high urine output so we have very diluted urine and guys in DI we get dry insides so high dry labs and opposite of SIS which we get soaked inside guys low liquidy labs so the easiest way to tackle this is to draw a little stick figure and show that he's very dehydrated in DI so let's look at our options here dark urine with high specific gravity guys nope that is not DI we're draining out a lot of fluid we get a lot of diluted fluid with low specific gravity remember Si ADH has the sticky smelly thicky urine option number two how about high blood osmolality yes guys we get DI we are dry on the inside high dry labs how about option three weight gain no guys DI we're draining water so we have water loss we get weight loss option four is correct here increased thirst because DI we get dry okay so we have draining fluid guys fluid loss option five sodium below 135 no guys that's low sodium di we get dry inside dry labs so high sodium over 145 and guys the last option is wrong urine output below 30 mls guys that's the bare minimum so we have high urine output guys di is draining a lot of fluid that wraps it up for our question breakdown now if you didn't know how to break down this question or maybe you just need another review on DI versus SIDH we have a little wrap-up video right over here thanks for watching did you know you can unlock beautifully handcrafted study guides packed with key points and memory tricks from all our videos plus you'll get access to over 1,200 exclusive videos not on YouTube all neatly organized by nursing school topic to make that complex nursing knowledge actually stick you'll also gain thousands of practice 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