Selecting Power Systems for RC Boats

Sep 17, 2024

Detailed Lecture Notes on Radio Control Boat Power Systems

Introduction

  • Series of videos on power systems for specific applications.
  • First application: Radio control boat power systems.
  • Objective: Understand steps to select the best power system for a radio control boat.

Steps to Select Power System

  1. Know the Hull Type
    • Different hull types affect performance:
      • Monohull
      • Hydroplane
      • Outrigger
      • Catamaran
      • Tunnel hull
  2. Measure Hull Length
    • Measured in inches.
    • Conversion from mm:
      • Formula: mm ÷ 25.4 = inches
  3. Calculate Wattage
    • Formula: Power (W) = 4.279 * (Hull Length (in))² - 163.1 * Hull Length (in) + 1901.5
    • Example: 34-inch catamaran gives approx 1300 watts.
  4. Determine Voltage and Current
    • Voltage primarily determined by battery selected.
    • Example: 2S battery gives 7.4 volts nominal, leading to 175 amps.
  5. Select Battery Pack
    • Recommended 6S battery setup: 22.2 volts nominal, 60 amps.
  6. Calculate kV Value for Motor
    • Maximum unloaded RPM: 22,500 - 33,000 rpm, pick 26,000 rpm for catamaran.
    • Formula: kV = RPM ÷ Nominal Voltage
  7. Select Brushless Motor
    • Motor wattage = calculated wattage * 1.4.
    • Motor size formula: Motor Size (g) = Wattage ÷ 4.5 (in runners), 3-3.5 for out runners.
  8. Select ESC (Electronic Speed Control)
    • Must match voltage and current requirements.
  9. Select Propeller
    • Use formula: Prop Diameter (mm) = 11.452 * (Wattage) ^ 0.1787
    • Keep pitch ratio of 1.4.
  10. Testing Setup
  • Run boat for short duration, monitor temperatures (max 60°C or 140°F).
  • Data log to verify performance and power draw.

Detailed Breakdown

Selecting the Hull Type

  • Understand performance variations among hulls.
  • Start with hull type known for power system selection.

Measuring Hull Length

  • Ensure accurate measurement in inches.

Calculating Wattage

  • Example shows how to compute wattage for a given hull length.

Voltage and Current Selection

  • Voltage affects current requirements for desired wattage.

Battery Pack Selection

  • Recommended to select a 6S battery for this setup.
  • Consider capacity and C rating for battery reliability.

Calculating kV Value

  • Importance of kV value based on hull type and performance needed.

Brushless Motor Selection

  • Ensure motor has adequate wattage and size for the setup.

Selecting ESC

  • ESC must match the voltage and be rated for more than the expected current.

Propeller Selection

  • Use calculated diameter as starting point; test different prop sizes for performance.

Testing the Setup

  • Importance of monitoring temperatures and current draw during test runs.

Conclusion

  • This lecture covers complex details on power system selection for radio control boats.
  • Future videos may cover power systems for RC cars and airplanes.