Overview
This lecture explores significant milestones in Deaf history, highlighting challenges, advancements, and the growing recognition of Deaf culture and rights worldwide.
Historical Foundations
- Ancient philosopher Socrates noted Deaf individuals communicated through gestures and movements.
- Aristotle claimed Deaf people could not be educated because they lacked hearing, influencing negative attitudes.
- In the 1850s, John Flournoy proposed a Deaf state in western U.S. territories to foster a Deaf community.
Institutional Advancements
- In 1864, President Abraham Lincoln signed the Enabling Act, establishing the National Deaf Mute College (now Gallaudet University).
- Gallaudet University became and remains a leader in higher education for Deaf individuals.
Modern Developments
- Deaf rights and recognition are increasing globally, with large communities like Hong Kong's 100,000 Deaf being recognized.
- The Sultan of Muscat established a territory specifically for Deaf people to live, work, and self-govern.
- Deaf churches are gaining formal recognition, strengthening community and identity.
Future Outlook and Possibilities
- Partnership between the Church and the Deaf community can raise awareness and support.
- New technologies and language platforms offer expanded opportunities for Deaf inclusion and communication.
Key Terms & Definitions
- Deaf — Individuals with significant hearing loss, often identifying as part of a cultural-linguistic community.
- Gallaudet University — The world’s first and only university specifically for Deaf and hard-of-hearing students.
- Enabling Act — Legislation signed in 1864 allowing the establishment of the National Deaf Mute College.
- Deaf culture — Shared values, norms, history, and language (such as sign language) of the Deaf community.
Action Items / Next Steps
- Review key events in Deaf history and their impact on culture and education.
- Explore current advancements in technology and inclusion for the Deaf community.