Computer Components Overview

Motherboard

• Main circuit board of the computer.
• Connects all other components.
• Facilitates communication among parts.
• Considered the heart of the computer.
• Relatively inexpensive compared to other components.

CPU (Central Processing Unit)

• Known as the brain of the computer.
• Low data storage but excels in processing power.
• Handles complex mathematical operations and large data lists.
• Runs most programs; all computer processes pass through the CPU.

Hard Drive

• Primary storage location for data.
• When space is low, hard drive is almost full.
• Slower data access compared to RAM due to spinning disks and data sharing through small wires.

RAM (Random Access Memory)

• Temporary data storage, faster than hard drives.
• Allows quick access to information needed by the CPU.
• Essential for smooth operation, especially during loading screens in games.
• Data is wiped when the computer is turned off; not for permanent storage.

SSD (Solid-State Drive)

• Functions as a hard drive but offers faster access and increased durability.
• Newer technology; often more expensive.
• Can be used alone or alongside hard drives in some systems.

Graphics Card

• Handles complex calculations for 3D graphics.
• A dedicated unit for rendering images and managing screen display.
• Some CPUs have integrated graphics cards, but these are generally less powerful than dedicated ones.

Power Supply

• Converts electricity from an outlet for computer use.
• Must provide sufficient power for other components.

Case

• Houses all computer parts.
• Common formats: mini-tower, mid-tower, full-tower.
• Case selection should follow component size decisions to ensure fit.

Cooling System

• Essential for managing heat from CPU and graphics card.
• Types include air cooling and liquid cooling, each with benefits and drawbacks.

Wireless Card

• Enables Wi-Fi connectivity for internet access without Ethernet cables.

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