Simplenursing.com - Hyponatremia Lecture

Introduction

• Presenter: Nurse Mike
• Platform: simplenursing.com
• Resources: Free quiz & study guides available (link provided in video)

Hyponatremia Overview

• Hyponatremia: Low sodium levels in blood
• Definition: Sodium < 135 mEq/L (microequivalents per liter)

Main Causes of Hyponatremia

• Primary Mechanism: Draining sodium from the body into the urine (PO)
• 4 Ds: Drains
  • NG Tube: Nasogastric tube
  • Diuretics: Medications that increase urine output
  • Diarrhea: Loss of fluids and electrolytes
  • Diaphoresis: Profuse sweating
  • Key Concept: Fluids leaving the body carry electrolytes

Additional Causes Using SADH Acronym

1. S: Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone (SIADH)
   • Mechanism: Water retention
   • Effect: Dilutes sodium in the blood
   • Term: Hemodilution (low liquidy lab values)
2. I: Intoxication of Water
   • Mechanism: Excessive water intake
   • Effect: Hemodilution leading to low sodium
3. A: Adrenal Insufficiency (e.g., Addison’s Disease)
   • Mechanism: Sodium wasting due to adrenal crisis
   • Effect: Increased urine output
4. D: Diuretics
   • Examples: Thiazides, Loop Diuretics (e.g., Hydrochlorothiazide, Furosemide)
   • Mechanism: Potassium and sodium wasting

Conclusion

• Lecture wraps up
• Teaser for next video

Additional Notes

• Light humorous moment: Mention of affordability issue and personal joke from Nurse Mike