how's it going function very welcome to today's leaving surf regional geography lesson where we're going to be talking about the distribution of the population in Brazil so we've already covered the population distribution in the north and west region now we're going to look at the population distribution in Brazil and the same as northern West guys the population in Brazil is distributed unevenly there are areas of Brazil that have a very very high population density with lots of people living in them and then there are areas that are probably most and have very very few if if not nobody living in them okay and to answer your question so just this very very straightforward what you have to do first thing we have to do name her chosen region this is Brazil the non-eu region and described a population distribution and density in the region which are going to do explain the factors affecting so what factors are affecting the population distribution or density well in Brazil we've got some physical factors such as the climbers and the rainforest and we've also got some human factors such as the availability of services government policy and migration okay so just Erika is first of all Brazil very very straightforward and what might influence the population distribution in Brazil well the first thing we mentioned there was the climate and the rainforest okay so like if there's the center private reserves so if we look up here at this kind of region here the center and north of Brazil contain lots and huge huge amount of forest and particularly Amazon rainforest okay and these areas are just uninhabitable okay it's such a vast area of forest it's also kind of private I kind of protected you cannot build stuff there okay as well up here the climate is very very harsh and very very dry so it's uncomfortable and it's not good for farming okay as you can see you guys on a map here we can see down the the north east and south east coast is where the majority of the resilient population is okay so 70% of brazil's population live along this area here I'm gonna look at why now okay so presenters population of more than two hundred and seven million people and as you can see from our map guys this population is distributed unevenly across the country over seventy percent of Brazilians live close to the south eastern and northeastern Atlantic Colts the case off here guys to the race of Brazil as the Atlantic Ocean and these most Brazilians live along here along the coast okay so in these areas the population densities on average are over a hundred and sixty people per square kilometer which is quite high okay that is quite high okay and though there is one exception to this so in the center of Brazil they've got a capital city called Brasilia okay that's one guys a lot of people get caught out with that if they're asked for Brazil's capital Issei like Rio de Janeiro or são Paulo it Schneider doles the population the capital city of Brazil is Brasilia okay and Brasilia guys is located about here that's Brasilia dere okay and Brasilia is kind of an exception to the rule and Brasilia is not along the South it's not along this kind of south eastern northeast coast and we're gonna look at why this is later on okay Brasilia has a population of just over 2.4 million people so that's half the population of Arlen's live in a single city in Brazil Brasilia okay and now if we move from the east to the west so the center west and northern regions of Brazil have very few people in them with a population of about under 10 people per square kilometer like that's you know 10 people per square cloud we're on absolutely tiny amount of people okay and that's guys if you look at our map here that's these areas here these mid sections and the North up here and why is this the case this is the case because the vast Amazon rainforest which covers this area Kade makes it uninhabitable hence wireless nobody does no one really living there okay and now despite this these these large areas so the kind of north and mid areas here these make up about sixty four percent of the land in Brazil yes only about 15 percent of the population live here so these areas here guys like look at even on a map you can see these kinda white area here the reason why it's white because there's no one living there and makes up most of Brazil sixty four percent of Brazil yet it only contains 15 percent of the population so it gives you an idea as to how kind of vast the rainforest is in Brazil and it's made it uninhabitable okay and the population distribution in Brazil is changing rapidly and it's changing rapidly because of rural to urban migration so if you go back about a hundred years a lot of people lived in the rural areas around here and these people moved into the cities along the east coast why do we for the cities along the East Coast well again guys push factors okay so push factors pushing them away from the rural area things like poverty and you know no jobs no educational services and then things that are pulling them pull factors pulling them into the cities again education health care ja that's better socially okay so that's rural to urban migration the population distribution of Brazil is changing from rural to urban and by by 2015 88% of the population was urban okay it became urban so eighty eight percent of brazil's population live in towns and cities not in the countryside again why because the court decided is just so remote so destitute there's nothing there okay and so human factors in the population distribution okay so what what human factors have led to brazil's population to be distributed the way it has been okay well if we this is a bit of a history lesson here as well so we'll go back to the age of expirations okay Brazil was colonized by the Portuguese so provided a map here okay so Brazil was colonized by the Portuguese who came from the east okay and the Portuguese settled along the east coast here and they set up the the what are now the major cities okay they were to set up them as small little kind of villages along here and these have grown since into the major city so that's a big thing there the Portuguese settled on the East Coast what are gonna make sense a settle on the East Coast because it's the closest to Portugal okay and and the settlements they set up here said likes of Rio de Janeiro Salvador relief these are no the main kind of cities in Brazil okay and as a result of this guy so as a result of the Portuguese setting up these cities along the east coast you know five six seven years ago the East Coast is by far the most economically vibrant place okay so the East Coast has got a lot of Economic Development and the southeastern Brazil is an economic core region and this means basically guys it's a region of high economic performance loads go big businesses and companies set up here okay and the GDP so the gross domestic product in this region is tree hundred percent greater than in the north okay the gross domestic product is basically diminutive in common area mix okay if we want to say polo against a parallel we say polo as a city that we would have lost it already and this is the kind of industrial of business Heartland in Brazil okay so this area has lots of job opportunities and it for everybody you know for people who are skilled unskilled who have really good college degrees there's something for everyone to say a polo okay here it goes and this is a picture here of the skyline and so pale on you you can just see how vast it is like the amount of you know tall buildings and skyscrapers they have a lot of big companies there and also a lot of smaller scale companies that provide unskilled work okay so that's big big factor guys economic it's a neat state the south east of Brazil is an economic or region why is this well the earliest settlements were set up here by the Portuguese during the Age of Exploration and these have grown into major cities okay as a result of this what is there are lots of rural to urban migration 88% of brazil's population now eleven these things here in - in cities okay and rural to urban migration has led to a high population density in the south east poverty and droves so there are push factors guys in the rural areas there's lots of poverty and lots of droves okay so if you live in a rural area you know it's very difficult to make money at of farming there because there's drugs okay and and in particular guy is the northern parts of Brazil so up here these parts and assists so far the most arrivals okay and poverty and droves and Ordinaries are push factors factors to push people away and these lead people to migrate to the south east okay so guys they've looked down here after our map the southeast our major city Sao Paulo Rio de Janiero are all alone here okay and another human factor that has led to the uneven population distribution in Brazil is government policy and when I say government policy I mean that the government in Brazil realized about a hundred years ago time Taylor problem they have a problem because all the major time the cities in Brazil are allowing the East okay and there was nothing here in the middle there is nothing here in the middle and in terms of a town or a city for people to live in and to work from so they said you know what we'll do we'll build a city here and they built this city here called Brasilia which is now brazil's capital and brasilia is quite a new city a k so that's an example of government policy so government the government have built a literary builder city and that city lots of people have moved in that city making the population distribution around brasilia uneven okay because there's no living in the areas around brasilia and everyone lives in in brasilia okay so if we go back to our map here guys and here we have brasilia here you can see there's a kind of a real big cluster of population here okay and so government policy is another factor affecting the population distribution okay and the capital city of Brasilia as we know a new enough city was built between 1957 and 1960 now it's obviously they've been adding onto it ever since done okay and this was a planned city guy so again why do they plan to build a city in the interior of Brazil here well they plan to build a city here because there was nothing else here there was just you know vast areas of rainforest and kind of barren farmland stays that will build a city here okay and this city was kind of meant to act as a gateway to the interior area of Brazil okay so it was like a gateway to the rest of Brazil okay it was like the kind of midpoint and the city I know a new city attracted lots of migrant workers the government also was relocated to Brasilia and if the if your government apartment gets relocated to a city there's loads and knock off jobs or in the civil service okay so as a result as those our civil servants here loads of businessmen here and what else is here well you've got lots of food processing finance IT and banking okay and again why are these companies these companies are here because the population of Brasilia is 2.4 million there's gonna be a lot of educated people there people that are you know well able to work ok if you look to the right to slide here guys you can see this is this is Brasilia today it's a really really nice city and you know and you can see there it's got really modern architecture and I've just showed you how modern the city is okay it's writ to really well-planned city you can see here you've got a big open Park and lots lots of nice buildings ok and that just shows you how modern the city is ok and apparent act or first of all let's do a quick recap on our human factors okay so what human factors have influenced the population distribution in Brazil well if we looked at first for the first main one and the Portuguese colonizers journeys of exploration stay set up all the major cities in Brazil along the east coast why because it was easy that it was easier for them to get there from Portugal there's the closest part of Brazil to Portugal okay as a result what happens to these these cities have grown into major industrial core regions okay so as a result they're the wealthiest areas they've got treat 300 percent more GDP than the Amazon rainforest pasture Brazil as a result what happens here is not sorority or migration people move from the poor they're pushed away from the poor areas such as up here and the rainforests are pushed away from those and under pull towards the city where those jobs education and you know health care better social life etc okay what else has influenced Brazil uneven population distribution in Brazil government policy so the government built the city right here called Brasilia and the idea was this was like a gateway to the rest of Brazil it was like the kind of a city that they'd build in the kind of rural prouder Raziel to give it a bit more vibrancy okay as I saw lots of people have moved here and what's the population of Brazil easy to stay 2.4 million about how the population of Ireland as well what else didn't have here well as the center of government the government are based here as a result it's gonna be lots of civil service jobs as well there was businessman I team and manufacturing all these things and provide jobs for educate I don't educate people okay and the final factor influencing population distribution in Brazil is a climbers okay and the climate of Brazil is quite harsh in some areas okay so much of Brazil's interior is a tropical and equatorial climate with rainforests and this is on a track different settlement so look up here guys here we have a rainforest in the Amazon and this covers large parts of the interior and northern parts of Brazil and it's you know look look there I'm also trying to build a city there if the clear that rainforest it's in really hot humid conditions you've got rivers you've got dangerous animals you've got diseases you know people just don't want to go through that area so as a result nobody lives there it's an unattractive area for settlement okay and the hot water which is an average 32 degrees and 88% humidity like guys for any who anybody who's ever experienced high levels of humidity it's absolutely hell you know sweat non-stop and 88% repeat is a believable level humility okay these conditions are uncomfortable to live in so as a result you've got lots of insects and dangerous animals and diseases there so nobody lives there as a result okay in other northern regions the hot dry climate and thorny vegetation make it difficult to live and causing a low population there so go to back to our map guys look up north up north here there's very very very few people here okay again hot climate dry climates and thorny vegetation main meaning it's difficult terrain to live in okay and as a result of this the cooler tropical climate along the the northeast and southeast become comfortable more preferable areas to live in a cake because you've got all the major cities you've got a better climbers and more opportunities ok folks thanks very much sure