Classification of Plants

Main Categories

• Non-flowering plants
  • Do not produce flowers.
  • Examples: Moss, Fern, Conifer.
• Flowering plants
  • Produce flowers which become fruits containing seeds.
  • Examples: Monocotyledon, Dicotyledon.

Non-flowering Plants

Key Terms

• Non-vascular plants
  • Simple, small plants without a vascular system.
  • Difficult to distinguish leaves, stems, roots.
• Vascular plants
  • Have a vascular system for transporting water and food.
  • Easy to identify leaves, stems, roots.

Types of Non-flowering Plants

• Moss
  • Reproduce by spores.
  • Non-vascular, difficult to identify parts.
• Fern
  • Reproduce by spores.
  • Vascular, easy to identify parts.
• Conifer
  • Reproduce by cones.
  • Vascular, example includes Christmas tree.

Flowering Plants

• Importance of flowers for reproduction (produce fruits and seeds).

Cotyledons

• Cotyledon is a food storage area in seeds, crucial for germination.
• Monocotyledon: Seeds with one cotyledon.
  • Example: Corn.
  • Features: Parallel veins in leaves, non-woody stems, fibrous roots.
  • Examples: Paddy, Maize.
• Dicotyledon: Seeds with two cotyledons.
  • Example: Peanuts.
  • Features: Network-like veins in leaves, woody stems, tap roots.
  • Examples: Tomato, Durian.

Comparison of Monocotyledon and Dicotyledon

• Monocotyledon
  • One cotyledon.
  • Parallel leaf veins.
  • Mainly non-woody stems.
  • Fibrous root system.
• Dicotyledon
  • Two cotyledons.
  • Network leaf veins.
  • Woody stems.
  • Taproot system.

Conclusion

• Plant classification is simpler than animal classification.
• Look forward to more videos covering additional topics.

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