Lecture Notes: American Founding Documents and History
Overview
- Lecture Duration: 1 hour
- Current Page: 13 of Handout Session 9
- Focus: Crash course in American history, particularly founding documents
- Note: Recent government schools may not teach American history in detail
Migration and Early Settlement
- English migration to North America
- Settlers were originally English citizens
- Colonists lived in North America but were under English rule
Taxation and Declaration of Independence
- Reason for Taxation: England was at war with France and Spain
- King taxed American colonies to support the war
- Issue: Taxation without representation
- Colonists had no say in how their taxes were used
- Response: Declaration of Independence
- Severed ties with England
- Formalized intent to be independent from the Crown
Revolutionary War
- Fighting began before the Declaration of Independence
- 1775: British tried to confiscate American guns
- "Shot heard around the world" started the formal conflict
- The Formal Declaration of War: 1776
Treaty of Paris
- End of Revolutionary War: Treaty of Paris
- Neutral territory for the signing
- Outcome:
- U.S. gained property, a lodeal title
- England received trade and travel rights (e.g., Mississippi River)
- Described as a "divorce settlement"
Form of Government
- Pre-Constitution: Articles of Confederation
- Thirteen independent colonies united as a confederacy
- Title: Unanimous declaration of the 13 United States of America
- "United" is an adjective, not an identity
Misconceptions and Reality
- Misconception: America as a democracy
- Official documents might label foundational texts as democratic
- Reality: America is not a pure democracy
Conclusion of the War
- Perception of Victory:
- Not a straightforward military victory
- George Washington won few battles; mostly strategic retreats
- British Confusion:
- Unconventional warfare tactics by American forces
Additional Resources
- Book Reference: "The Cornerstones of American Democracy"
- Purchased from National Archive, Washington, D.C.
- Includes type and photographs of historical documents
These notes capture the key points from the lecture, providing a basic understanding of the early American historical context, forming documents, and the Revolutionary War.