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Why is 'Business vs. leisure travelers' a relevant example in the context of evaluating arguments?
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It demonstrates identifying gaps between premises and conclusions, such as assuming different behaviors without sufficient evidence.
List four common trap answer patterns in weaken questions.
"Too Weak", "Out of Scope", "Opposite Effect", "Irrelevant Relationships"
After identifying the evidence, what should you concede and what should you challenge in weaken questions?
Concede the evidence but challenge the conclusion.
Why are assertions of causality deemed both strong and difficult to prove?
Because causality requires a direct link which is often hard to incontrovertibly establish.
What types of logical reasoning questions can the skills learned from weaken questions be applied to?
Strengthening and paradox questions.
How should you evaluate the space between evidence and the conclusion in weaken questions?
Identify why the conclusion does not necessarily follow from the evidence.
What percentage of all logical reasoning questions are weaken questions?
9%
Why is the word 'most' important in weaken questions?
It suggests that the answer must have the strongest impact on weakening the argument.
Explain the 'Term Shifts' trap answer pattern in weaken questions.
It involves a shift in terms from the argument to the answer choice, potentially misleading the evaluator.
What are two weakening tactics for arguments involving causation?
Providing alternative causes; examples of cause without effect or effect without cause.
List five phrases typically used in the question stem to indicate a weaken question.
"most seriously weakens", "casts the most doubt", "most seriously undermines", "weakens", "casts doubt on"
What is the first step in approaching a weaken question?
Find the conclusion.
What is a key reasoning structure that involves comparing two different things at a single point or across time?
Comparison
What does the 'Degree Issues' trap answer pattern refer to?
Answers that are too weak compared to alternatives provided, hence not sufficiently weakening the argument.
What strategy should you use first when eliminating wrong answers in weaken questions?
Eliminate out-of-scope answers before dealing with those that differ in degrees of impact.
What is a key language cue to help find the conclusion in an argument?
Words like "but", "because", "should".
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