Flashcards for:
Motion Chapter Lecture Notes

Displacement is the shortest distance between the initial and final positions of an object. Unlike distance, displacement can be positive, zero, or negative. It is a vector quantity and its units are meters.

The area under a velocity-time graph signifies the displacement of the object during the given time period.

Speed is calculated using the formula: Speed = Distance / Time. Speed is always positive or zero, it is a scalar quantity, and its units are meters per second (m/s).

The slope of a velocity-time graph can be determined using the formula: Slope = Δy / Δx (change in vertical axis divided by change in horizontal axis). It represents acceleration.

The slope of a distance-time graph indicates the speed of the object. It is calculated using the formula: Slope = Δy / Δx (Vertical axis change divided by horizontal axis change).

A velocity-time graph provides information about an object's velocity over time. A linear graph indicates constant acceleration, a graph parallel to the time axis indicates uniform motion, and the area under the graph provides the displacement.

Average speed is the total distance covered divided by the total time taken and is always positive. Average velocity is the total displacement divided by the total time taken and can be positive, zero, or negative.

Distance is the total path covered by an object. It is always positive or zero, cannot be negative. Distance is a scalar quantity and its units are meters.

Uniform circular motion occurs when an object moves in a circle with constant speed. It is not considered uniform motion because, despite constant speed, the direction changes continuously, leading to continuously changing velocity and hence acceleration.

The three equations of motion are: 1. v = u + at; 2. s = ut + 1/2 at²; 3. v² - u² = 2as. Here, 'v' is final velocity, 'u' is initial velocity, 'a' is acceleration, 't' is time, and 's' is displacement.

Speed is the distance covered per unit time and is a scalar quantity. Velocity, on the other hand, is the displacement per unit time and is a vector quantity, meaning it has both magnitude and direction.

In the context of motion, 'v' represents the final velocity, 'u' represents the initial velocity, 'a' represents acceleration, 't' represents time, and 's' represents displacement.

A distance-time graph represents motion information compactly. There are three types: a linear graph for uniform motion, a non-linear graph for non-uniform motion, and a graph parallel to the time axis indicating a stationary object.

Uniform motion occurs when an object covers equal distances in equal intervals of time. Non-uniform motion occurs when an object covers unequal distances in equal intervals of time.

Acceleration is the rate of change of velocity. It is calculated using the formula: a = (v - u) / t, where 'v' is the final velocity, 'u' is the initial velocity, and 't' is the time taken. Acceleration can be positive, zero, or negative, and is a vector quantity with units of meters per second squared (m/s²).