Histology Lecture Part 6: Nervous Tissue

Overview

• Last tissue type covered in the histology lecture series.
• Nervous tissue is part of the nervous system and comprises two main cell types: neurons and neuroglial cells (glial cells).

Neurons

• Function: Initiate and transmit electrical impulses to effectors such as muscles or glands or to other neurons.
• Types:
  • Motor Neurons: Transmit impulses to muscles.
  • Sensory Neurons: Carry signals to the central nervous system.
• Synapses: Junctions between neurons for transmitting signals.
• Structure:
  • Soma (Cell body): Contains the nucleus.
  • Axon: Long extension carrying impulses away from the neuron.
  • Dendrites: Shorter extensions receiving impulses.

Neuroglial Cells

• Function: Provide support, protection, and nourishment to neurons.
• Types:
  • Microglia
  • Astrocytes
  • Schwann Cells: Involve in forming the myelin sheath.
  • Oligodendrocytes: Also play a role in myelin sheath formation.
• Myelin Sheath: Insulates axons, speeding up impulse conduction.

Additional Details

• Neurons vs. Glial Cells:
  • Neurons are larger but less numerous.
  • Glial cells are more numerous and surround neurons.
• Locations:
  • Found in the brain, spinal cord, and nerves.

Future Topics

• Future lectures will cover detailed functions and types of neurons and neuroglial cells.

Conclusion

• This covers the basics of nervous tissue in histology.
• For further questions, reach out via email.