Module 1.2: Output Devices

May 29, 2024

Module 1.2: Output Devices

Types of Output Devices

  • Visual Output
    • Soft Copy
    • Hard Copy
  • Sound Output
  • Touch Output
  • Other Outputs

Display Devices

  • Benefits
    • Immediate feedback
    • Interaction between user and computer
    • Easily changeable/updated content
    • Enlarged text for visually impaired users
  • Drawbacks
    • Not permanent
    • Difficult to share (unless large monitor or data projector)
    • Can cause eye strain
    • Lack of privacy
    • High replacement cost for expensive monitors

Factors to Consider When Choosing a Display Device

  • Resolution
    • Number of pixels (horizontal x vertical)
    • Higher resolution = better picture quality
  • Aspect Ratio
    • Width of display in relation to height
    • Common formats: widescreen, letterbox
  • Contrast Ratio
    • Ratio of brightest color to darkest color
  • Response Time
    • Time for a pixel to change (measured in milliseconds)
  • Ports
    • HDMI (video and audio)
    • VGA (video only)

Printers

  • Types
    • Color Laser Printers
      • More reliable, easier to maintain
      • Better for black and white, bulk printing
      • Higher initial cost but cheaper long-term
    • Inkjet Printers
      • Cheaper initial cost
      • Better for photo quality
      • Higher long-term cost
    • 3D Printers
      • Create physical 3D objects using modeling software
      • Features: filament, print head, bolt plate
    • Advantages & Disadvantages
      • Faster production, cost-effective, quality control, unlimited design
      • High electricity use, high purchase cost, special material required, potential for misuse

Wireless Technology in Output Devices

  • Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, NFC
  • Enables wireless printing, video, sound

Interactive Whiteboards

  • Advantages
    • Write on the board and save notes
    • Better interaction and participation
    • Use various multimedia formats
  • Disadvantages
    • Requires dim lighting
    • May be difficult to read and use
    • High cost and maintenance
    • Teachers’ reluctance to adopt new technology

Drivers

  • Definition: Software that allows a computer to communicate with hardware devices
  • Plug and Play
    • Automatically detects and configures devices

Input and Output for Physically Challenged Users

  • Visually Impaired
    • Braille Keyboard and Display
    • Magnification Devices
    • Large Key Keyboards
    • Braille Printers
  • Hearing Impaired
    • On-screen notices, flashing screens
    • Vibration devices
    • Increased volume for hearing impaired (not for deaf)
  • Motor Control
    • Eye tracking, head movement devices
    • Large keyboards, track balls, joysticks
    • Examples: Puff-suck switch, foot mouse

Health Issues Related to Input and Output Devices

  • Poor posture and prolonged usage can cause:
    • Sore neck, backache, headaches, repetitive strain injury (RSI)
  • Suggestions
    • Sit with proper back support
    • Use height-adjustable desks
    • Take breaks and move around
    • Avoid high headphone volume
    • Adjust monitor settings to reduce eye strain