Centrifugation

Introduction

• Centrifugation is a process carried out through a centrifuge.
• It is used to separate fluids based on their density.

Importance

• Separates materials quickly and accurately.
• Primarily used in dairy and laboratory sectors.

Centrifugation Process

1. Prepare a Homogeneous Sample: First, it is necessary to make a homogeneous sample.
2. Place Sample in Tube: Pour the sample into the specified tube.
3. Insert Tube into Holder: Secure these tubes properly in the sample holder.
4. Close Cover: Cover for safety.
5. Start Machine: Set the spin time and speed.

Main Principle

• Sedimentation: Heavy particles settle down.
• Centrifugal Force: This force acts outward from the center.
• Gravitational Force: Earth's gravity which always acts.

Uses

• Dairy Industry: To separate milk for butter and cream.
• Laboratory: To separate blood components, especially plasma.
• Sewage Treatment: In waste water management.

Machine Components

• Lid/Cover: Used for safety.
• Control Panel: Controls time, speed, and temperature.
• Rod: Connects motor and head.

Working Process

• On switching, the machine starts rotating slowly.
• Upon completion of the set time, the machine stops and the supernatant liquid separates.

Influencing Factors

• Particle size, density, speed, and viscosity of the sample.

History

• The dairy centrifuge was introduced in 1864.
• First used in laboratories by F. Meischter.

Conclusion

Centrifugation is very important in laboratories and industries, especially in the dairy industry. With its help, mixtures can be easily separated based on their density.