Units and Measurement

Introduction

• Welcome everyone to Science and Fun.
• Today's topic: Laws of Motion.
• In the first four lectures we covered:
  • Units and Measurement
  • Motion in a Straight Line
  • Motion in a Plane

Laws of Motion

• The first part of the Laws of Motion: Force and the Laws of Motion
• Force is defined as: A push or pull on an object.
• Effects of force:
  • Brings a stationary object into motion
  • Stops a moving object
  • Changes the direction of motion
  • Changes the speed of motion
  • Changes the shape and size

Types of Forces

• Balanced and Unbalanced Forces
• Balanced Force: When the net force is zero.
• Unbalanced Force: When the net force is not zero.

Newton's First Law

• An object remains at rest unless acted upon by an external force.
• An object in motion remains in motion unless acted upon by an external force.

Newton's Second Law

• Force = Mass × Acceleration (F = ma)
• It shows the relationship between force, mass, and acceleration.

Newton's Third Law

• For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.

Law of Conservation of Momentum

• The total momentum before and after a collision remains the same.

Effects of Forces

• Forces are of different types, such as: balanced forces, unbalanced forces, rigid force.

Friction and Its Types

• Definition of Friction: The force that opposes motion.
• Types of Friction:
  • Static Friction
  • Kinetic Friction
  • Rolling Friction

Effects of Friction

• The amount of friction is determined by:
  • Type of force
  • Nature of the surface

Banking of Road

• Raising the height while turning the road so that maximum speed is possible.

Conclusion

• By studying these laws and concepts in-depth, we can understand the world of science.
• Get ready for future studies.
• The next session will discuss work and energy.

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