Understanding Bipolar Montage in Neurofeedback

Aug 27, 2024

Neurofeedback and Bipolar Montage Training

Introduction

  • Conference moderated by Rob for ISNR on January 15th.
  • Presentation by Richard focusing on neurofeedback, particularly bipolar montage training.
  • Aim: To simplify neurofeedback concepts and address confusion in the community.

Background

  • Neurofeedback: A technique used to train brain activity.
  • Bipolar Montage Training: Previously underutilized in neurofeedback, gaining attention recently.
  • Historically used due to limitations of equipment from the 70s to the 90s.
  • In contrast with monopolar techniques, which became popular with the advent of QEEG and z-score training.

Key Concepts

  • Bipolar Montage: Not a method, but a setup of electrodes where two sites are compared.
  • Simplification of Equipment: New Mind amplifiers and software are designed to simplify the learning process for clinicians without electronics background.
  • Linked vs. Unlinked Ears: New Mind software links ears by default; must be unlinked for bipolar montage.

Technical Aspects

  • Amplifier and Software Setup:

    • Use one channel and set reference and ground.
    • Unlink ears in software for accuracy.
  • Training Protocols:

    • Typically involve inhibiting a wide range (e.g., 1-40 Hz) while enhancing a narrower band.
    • Adjustments based on client response; critical to monitor physiological feedback.

Historical Context

  • Evolution of Techniques:
    • Shift from traditional EEG to advanced techniques due to technological advancements.
    • Influence of pioneers like Sue Othmer and Seburn Fisher in shaping modern protocols.
    • Introduction of coherence training and later infraslow frequency training.

Recent Developments

  • Seburn Fisher's Protocols:

    • Focus on therapy combined with neurofeedback.
    • Utilizes a mix of traditional and innovative techniques.
    • Emphasizes clinician’s role in therapy over the neurofeedback itself.
  • Infraslow Frequency Training:

    • Application in trauma treatment with notable physiological effects.
    • New methods involve fewer side effects and improved outcomes.

Practical Application

  • Session Control:

    • Adjust frequencies to find optimal training points.
    • Importance of understanding amplifier dynamics and signal processing.
  • Workshops and Learning:

    • Participation in workshops recommended to fully grasp complex methodologies.
    • Continual learning and adaptation of protocols based on empirical evidence.

Conclusion

  • Complexity and Confusion:

    • Neurofeedback involves complex concepts that require technical understanding.
    • Simplified systems are available, but advanced methods can offer additional benefits.
  • Future Directions:

    • Ongoing discussions and clarifications in the field needed.
    • Encouragement for professionals to seek further training and education.

Next Steps

  • Further exploration of bipolar montage and its effects in upcoming sessions.
  • Emphasis on community engagement and feedback to refine understanding.