Lecture Notes: Reports on Ants and Dinosaurs

Introduction

• Presented by two students from Madam English School.
• Focus on observation and research reports.
• Listening test includes two reports.

Report 1: Ants (Presented by Lucy)

Key Points:

• Species: Over 12,000 species, primarily in tropics.
• Common Types: Black ants, carpenter ants, red ants, fire ants, weaver ants.
• Social Insects:
  • Form colonies with thousands of ants.
  • Colonies control large areas.

Colony Structure:

• Members:
  • Queen Ant: Responsible for reproduction, lives up to 20 years.
  • Worker Ants:
    • All female, do not produce eggs.
    • Care for queen's eggs and ensure safety.
  • Male Ants:
    • Short lifespan, only role is to mate with queen.
    • Usually die two weeks post-mating.

Summary of Worker Ants’ Jobs:

• Serve the queen.
• Care for the queen and her offspring.

Questions Based on Report 1:

1. What is the report about? (Ants)
2. What are the types of ants? (Black, carpenter, red, fire, weaver)
3. Why are ants called social insects? (Form colonies)
4. Who are the members of one ant colony? (Queen, worker, male)
5. What are the worker ants' jobs? (Serve queen, care for eggs)

Report 2: Dinosaurs (Presented by Steve)

Key Points:

• Classification:
  • Divided into avian dinosaurs (birds) and non-avian dinosaurs.
• Origin:
  • First appeared in the Triassic period, ~230 million years ago.
  • Extinct but studied through fossils.

Types of Dinosaurs:

• Diet: Herbivores and carnivores.
• Size:
  • Most were large, but some like raptors were small.
  • Tallest Dinosaur: Brachiosaurus, 14 meters tall.
• Characteristics:
  • Lizard-like skin, some had bony armor.

Social Behavior:

• Dinosaurs traveled in groups.
• Tend to build nests and live together.

Questions Based on Report 2:

6. What is the second report about? (Dinosaurs)
7. How can we learn about dinosaurs? (Through fossils)
8. What is the name of the dinosaur with a small body? (Raptor)
9. How tall was the tallest dinosaur? (14 meters)
10. What did dinosaurs eat? (Herbivores and carnivores)

Conclusion

• Review of two distinct topics: ants and dinosaurs.
• Focus on social structures and behaviors in both species.