hello everyone today we're going to talk about the philippines in the 19th century as results context rizal grew up in the 19th century an age of vast changes in europe spain and even in the philippines during this period the glory and power of spain had spread in many parts of the globe we cannot fully perceive results thoughts without learning the social and political surroundings of the 19th century 19th century was considered as the birth of modern life as well as the birth of many nations and states around the globe it is the period of major changes that affects man and society it was considered as the age of enlightenment this period gave birth to the different revolution that took place and gave a huge change to the philippians and even to the world the industrial revolution this generally applied to extraordinary transformation in the method of production transportation and communication through the substitution of the manual labor to machines during the 19th century we all know the galleon trade the galleon is the steam ship they use to trade products from acapulco mexico that travels along pacific ocean to the philippines this is the route of the galleon from acapulco passing pacific ocean going to the philippines and from philippines we also export products to acapulco and spain but it will take months and months to import and export products not until the opening of swiss canal swiss canal is a man-made canal found in egypt it is the shorter channel of importation in exportation that leads to a lot of possibilities and change to our country these are the effects to the economy of the philippines in the industrial revolution life prospered due to the vigorous economic activity in the colony modern methods of agriculture were introduced the means of transportation and communication improved emergence of the middle class more filipinos able to study in europe and acquired material wealth and improved social life and as effect of industrialization this led to french revolution french revolution changes the political tone of that period it is the period of political and social upheaval and radical change in history with a governmental structure was transformed to absolute monarchy and lastly the american revolution it is the political upheaval during the last half of the 18th century the american revolution had given the world in the 19th century the idea that colonized people can give their independence from their colonizer from these different revolutions the economic and political situation of the philippines greatly affected one of this is the abolition of guardian trade for it does not only limit the exchange of product from philippines to spain but it opens the philippines to the world trade and the development of agricultural land prosper but it doesn't only give a positive impact it also have its negative for the principalias and mestizos were the only ones benefited from the agricultural development if we will try to look at the social stratification of the philippines during the spanish colonization we have here first is the peninsulares or the spaniards were born in spain and settled in the country they were considered the highest class in the society and occupied the highest position in the government next class the peninsulares are the insulares or insulares are spaniards born in the philippines they also enjoy the luxuries in the philippines the third class are the creoles creoles are the mixtures of spanish and native filipinos under the crayolas was the illustrators or the well-educated filipinos in the principalia or the land owner the lower class or the lowest class was the natives or it was known to be the india's amidst all the social political economic reforms rizal's family belonged to the middle class and was considered as illustratos or the affluence the children were able to study in exclusive school in manila and even abroad the educational system during spanish time has its own defects for it only emphasize on religion the absence of academic freedom racial discrimination and limited curriculum as what have been mentioned the opening of swedish canal also opened the opportunity for the middle class family to send their children to study in spain and there's a lot of filipino wanted to study in spain in as they gain knowledge and education it opened their minds that what the spaniards are doing is not right in this rise of the reform movement in the birth of our hero jose rizal in 1861