Quiz Review Lecture Notes

Introduction

• Lecture is a review of a quiz on the urinary system.
• Emphasis on matching terms with definitions or descriptions.
• Suggestions for study: write down answers and full terms on paper.

Key Terms and Concepts

Vocabulary Terms

1. Glomerulus

   • Also referred to as "ball of fen."
   • Matching clue: KK, glomus.

2. Renal Sinus

   • Space in kidney containing calyces.

3. Micturition

   • Process of expelling urine, also known as voiding.

4. Renal Papilla

   • Tips of the pyramid where urine drips.

5. Trigone

   • Smooth triangular area in the bladder.

6. Proximal Convoluted Tubule (PCT)

   • Site of most reabsorption (obligatory reabsorption).
   • 80% water, all nutrients are reabsorbed here.

7. Juxtaglomerular Cells

   • Release renin hormone.

8. Bowman's Capsule

   • Cup-like structure capturing filtrate.

9. External Urethral Sphincter

   • Voluntary muscle controlling urine flow.

10. Renal Pyramid

    • Comprised of collecting and papillary ducts.

Hormonal and Physiological Processes

• ADH (Antidiuretic Hormone)

  • Secreted by the pituitary gland.
  • Stimulates facultative reabsorption in the distal convoluted tubule (DCT).

• Transitional Epithelium

  • Tissue of bladder lining; important for exams.

• Detrusor Muscle

  • Specific muscle of the bladder.

Anatomy

• Renal Fascia

  • Tissue securing kidneys, along with perirenal fat.

• Fibrous Capsule

  • Covers the kidney.

• Renal Cortex

  • Location of nephrons.

• Tubular Secretion

  • Process of blood getting rid of unwanted ions in the DCT.

• Peritubular Capillaries

  • Surround PCT and DCT.

Additional Points

• Juxtaglomerular Cells Location

  • Found on the afferent arteriole.

• Interlobar Arteries

  • Located in renal columns.

• Retroperitoneal

  • Anatomical location of kidneys.

• Erythropoietin

  • Kidney hormone for red blood cell production.

• Urine Concentration

  • Dark urine: hypertonic; Light urine: hypotonic.

• Urea

  • Main nitrogenous waste in urine.

• Collection of Urine

  • Minor calyx initially captures urine in the urinary tract.

Conclusion

• Practice and review of quiz material is essential.
• Urinary system understanding requires knowledge of terms and processes.
• Encouragement to study and utilize the review for better quiz performance.