okay um there was a request for a video on the review of the quiz so I'm going to do that right now it it shouldn't take long uh so I'm doing it actually after class uh and we'll go through it and and maybe my explanations will help you remember it okay so most of this is matching so it's all matching actually so it's just remembering the names ball of fen and capillary so here comes the clues with vocabulary words fenon strated capillary is an important thing to remember about well it says KK and KK is not on the on the list right here so but if you remember this was the glomus okay the ball of fenr caps was the glow Marist the answer was KK so that's the glow this if you you know I mean good thing to do would be to take out a piece of paper and don't mess up your quiz take out a piece of paper and write down the answers okay write them down don't just look at the letters write down the whole word that would be the right way of going over your quiz so the first one here is glom marless okay the space of a kidney contains calluses the space of the kidney that contains calluses oh that's a tough one the space where the calluses are with a renal sinus okay that one I would imagine was a little sneaky one where you find the ma the calluses the major and minor calluses that was in the space of the kidney called the renal excuse me the renal sinus the process of EXP spelling urine oh that was that fancy word mition okay there it is mition was number three the the process of getting rid of urine we sometimes use the word voiding urine but the the anatomical physiological name is mition the tips of the pyramid where urine drips how many times tonight did you hear me say tips tips tips okay and the tip of course are the renal Papa okay that should be number four renal Papa okay the smooth triangular bladder exit key word triangular bladder exit of course that's the Trigon okay Trigon would be number five Trion okay number six where does most reabsorption take place now if I wanted to be picky I could say where is most obligatory reabsorption take place where's most of the obligatory reabsorption obligatory reabsorption was 80% water and all the nutrients and obviously the answer is HH which is off the screen okay and so number six would be the proximal convoluted tubule okay that's where the majority of the reabsorption takes place from the from the peritubular capillaries back into the proximal convoluted tubu the cells oh I give you a hint here cells or complex that release rein okay well those were the it was really funny somebody in class said oh it's one of those jua words that's right it was a jua lense okay I mean again you know they they do say sometimes it's called the apparatus or sometimes they call it the comp Lex if they're including the macul densa with it okay but you can just say just the glal cells these are the special cells that release a hormone and the hormone is reing cuplike captures the filtrate well that's an easy one it should be an easy one for you okay if it's cuplike it's Bowman's capsule okay I did mention the book calls with cl Mara capsule but it's okay Bess capsule uh voluntary muscle that controls urine so soon as you see the word voluntary okay you should know that's the external urethal sphincter okay okay cup like we did already okay that was bonus capsule and voluntary muscle EX external urethal spincter okay collecting and papillary ducts o collecting and papillary ducts what is made up of collecting and papillary Ducks capillary ducks and collecting ducks or just a bunch of tubes okay if you haven't looked at the answer yet hopefully you're thinking something that's made up of nothing but tubes isn't that a pyramid yeah that's the answer should be S and it is okay so 10 is the renal pyramid it's made up of collecting ducts and at the end the papillary ducts because that's where the urine has to leave to the papillary ducts uh if BP is low this pituitary hormone oh oh this is a twoin one question if blood pressure is low this pituitary hormone stimulates this process in the [Music] DCT okay well I know this hormone okay the hormone that comes from the pituitary the posterior pituitary is it's got the initials a d h antidiuretic hormone okay ADH anti-diuretic hormone and they're saying the answer is NN so the answer is down here someplace okay but it says it stimulates this process okay that process we spoke about on Monday faculative reabsorption that's the one that's controlled by hormones okay so that's facultat reabsorption obligatory reabsorption was the one that has to happen that's the first 80% of water remember so we're not talking about that we're talking about the one that's controlled by hormones so if it's controlled by hormones it's fact rotative reabsorption okay back to our answers here the specific tissue of the bladder lining okay well there it is an transitional epithelium okay you know that question is going to be on the test have to have that memorized for the lecture test and the lab test maybe even specific muscle of the bladder okay the muscle of the bladder had a name now you might say oh is the answer smooth muscle well I said if you said smooth muscle i' probably give you most of the credit but for some reason it's got a special name it's called Dr truser muscle oh wait a minute look at that it's to drusa first time I noticed that okay that's really wild never even noticed that okay uh let's continue uh tissue that secures the kidneys in place o tissue that secures the kidneys in place and underneath that it says tissue visceral layer that covers the kidney well the tissue that secures the kidneys in place is the renal fascia that's right there now what confused me is that it didn't mention the paric fat that's underneath it so I might have accepted this answer or I might have even accepted Paran fat even though the fat doesn't really secure it the fat is actually protecting it keeping it cushioned okay so that was the Paran fat so this this tissue plus the fat that actually protects it the specific tissue of the wait wait I'm lost now the tissue that covers the kidney well that's obviously o the fibrous Capsule that's the fibrous capsule okay the part of the kidney where nephrons are well the nephrons when you draw a kidney remember to divide in half where are the nephrons the nephrons are in this outer zone nephrons are out here okay try that again nephrons are out here okay so that should be the renal cortex okay where the nephrons are p p renal cortex there they are renal cortex where the the the nephrons are okay the blood gets rid of unwanted ions Oh The Blood gets rid of unwanted ions in case you forgot what that is okay getting rid of unwanted ions that's too ular secretion okay but that's not the question the question is asking where does it happen Okay uh oh no no no guess what that's the answer H I thought they were saying where it is where it happens okay so I was thinking the answer was going to be distal convoluted to okay so I I made a mistake here in judgment okay blood gets rid of unwanted ions that's tubular secretion if I ask you where it happens that happens in the distal convoluted tubu okay so depends on how I wor the question the blood must take back 80% of the water I gave that away already right there obligatory reabsorption 80% of the water must come back and that's different that's in the proximal convoluta Tu okay there's a difference the this convoluted tubal has tubular secretion and faculative reabsorption okay under hormonal control but the proximal convoluted tubul has obligatory reabsorption where it takes up 80% of the water and everything else okay what do we call the capillaries that are around the PCT and the DT that was the BB peritubular capillaries there's the answer right there peritubular capillaries those are the capillaries that after blood leaves the nefron okay I don't know if you need this review uh change color here okay really get fancy now should have race the other part before I got started on this color okay now if you know what I just did that's great you know if you don't I'll tell you right now what it is okay I'm just G to make things a little darker okay so if you know what these colors are great you're in great shape okay but I'm not talking about those colors right now what I'm talking about is the blood a Fen goes in glom marus E ferent goes out and then what happens there's capillaries that go around those tubes and those capillaries go like this and those are the ones we saw here those are the peritubular capillaries the peritubular Caps okay and where do you find the ju gloma cells well here's an interesting point if you were looking for the ju gloma cells okay you would find the ju to gloma cells where would you find them here find them here I you find them here okay if you said here you're right and the J to Glarus cells are always on the afferent arterial okay so for number 21 the answer was a ferent arterial I think on the original key it made a mistake it said it was eent so that was a correction it should be I I not JJ okay that's where you find the J to glal set okay now for those of you that didn't know the colors okay hopefully you will know the colors when you eventually study this okay there was Bowman's capsule the red inside it was the glomus this of course was the afferent arterial and the eer leaving we said the red over here was par to the capillaries what about the rest of those colors what was orange orange was the proximal convoluted tubal and the purple was the dis convoluted tubal and the yellow was a collecting duct and it's going to stay the collecting duct until you reach the end where one tube leads [Music] into another tube that leads into another tube and when it gets really really tremendous at the end then you've got the papillary duct at the very very end of this uh whole thing right there okay so that would be the end right here would be the papillary duct okay and this little thing here that's making the uturn remember it has a descending limb ascending limb of the loop of Henley or ley's Loop okay now there's a few more questions so uh let me give you a second in case you want to take a screenshot of this or wait a minute this is a video so you can pause it and go back okay so let me clear this and uh finish the last few questions on the n21 it's just got to go to 30 okay so let's uh take a look at the rest of the questions here and try to finish this up and uh let's see what we got so that was 21 you find the J the glamless cells on the afferent arterial the one that's going in where do you find inter lobar arteries into low bar arteries they're in the renal columns there's the answer right here yeah inter lowbar arteries go in the renal columns the anatomical location of the kidneys oo good vocabulary word retrop peronal you find it behind the perenium here's an interesting question a trivia question what is the kidney hormone for red blood cell production that was something we learned about way back back in chapter 19 to make red blood cells remember kidneys no other part of the body okay the kidneys make athal potin okay athal potin is the hormone you need to make red blood cells oh little physiology here what do we call dark concentrated urine well if it's dark and concentrated it's very concent TR so we call it hypertonic on the other hand if it's light colored very watery very clear then it's hypotonic because it is very low in solutes hypo meaning low hyper meaning High highly concentrated what is the nitrogenous waste found in urine well hopefully you know the main nitrogenous waste we make is Ura okay if we make too much of the wrong stuff we might get gout with too much uric acid urine is first captured in this area now this is a tricky question if you're talking about urine being captured from the beginning well it depends on your point of view okay here's our kidney again okay and I'm G change color for a reason okay and there's your calluses catching urine and eventually going out through the urethra so what I made in Orange here is a urinary tract what's in red is obviously the kidney okay and you know that the kidney's got the two parts to it so I'm going to put that line again okay so where are the nephrons okay I'm going change color again where are those Bowman capsules okay if you're saying in the cortex you're right Bowman's capsules are all up here okay Bowman's capsules are all up here okay a million of them remember well I'm not going to sit here and draw a million dots but you get the idea that's where Bowman's capsule is okay now then what happens well from Bowman's capsule we have proximal convoluted two ules and then it makes the beginning of Henley's Loop not going to draw them all okay and then it becomes the distal convoluted Tule and then eventually it turns into I'm going to make this a little bit more noticeable it's going to turn into the collecting ducts and these collecting ducks are making up the pyramids and bringing urine to the papillary ducts which are at the ends of these tips here the renal Papa and now the urine is going to start dripping out okay so when the question asks where urine is first captured we're talking about urine leaving the kidney now some quizzes will say urine is first captured inside the collecting ducts that's the first place you find urine and they're right urine is first produced in the collecting Ducks so believe it or not if I put that question on a test and you told me collecting Ducks I couldn't Mark you wrong okay but in the urinary tract in the urinary tract where's the first place urine's going to be captured hopefully you're saying in the minor calic okay the minor calic so the small little funnels that actually capture the uh the uh urine first minor calx first and major calx when these join together and then eventually they all meet in the middle that's the renal pelvis and when the renal pelvis leaves the hilum that renal pelvis turns into the official urer that's leaving the kidney okay all right oh and that's what it says here look uranous first captured in the we just did this minor CX then it enters this that would be the major calx and flows into the w that's the renal pelvis before leaving the kidney through this ah leaving the kidney through this well that's a question mark that could be hilum or it could be the uror depending on the choices either one to be WR okay so this is a good review of the urinary system if you practice this quiz you should do well okay notice it says it's not inclusive of all the things in the system you know knowing how the nefron works as important and all that but this is a good start okay and those of you that didn't study the quiz last time shame on you you could have probably did about 10 points higher at least okay all right that took me about 20 minutes or so uh but anyway I'm going to quickly end this so hopefully you get a chance to view this over the weekend and and study this okay all right and this will be the only time I'm going to do this there won't be any time in class so I'll I'll remind you to review this okay have a good night