Anarchist and Anti-Fascist Movements and Groups

Antifa

• Nature: Decentralized far-left network of militant anti-fascist groups.
• Ideology: Opposes far-right extremism, anti-authoritarian, anti-capitalist, and anti-state views.
• Tactics: Digital activism, doxing, harassment, vandalism, physical violence, organizing in black blocs.
• History: Traces back to Germany's 1932 Antifasica founded by Stalinist Communist Party.
• Notable Incidents:
  • 2016: Confrontations in Sacramento.
  • 2017: Protests against Trump election, Berkeley speech by Milo Yiannopoulos, and Charlottesville clashes.
  • 2019: Attack on ICE facility in Tacoma.
  • 2020: Shooting in Portland by Antifa member.
• Geographic Presence: Active in the US and fragmented factions in Europe.
• Criticism: Accusations of suppressing free speech and domestic terrorism.

Conspiracy of Fire Nuclei (SPF)

• Origin: Greece, 2008.
• Tactics: Bombings and arson, promoting anti-state ideology.
• Notable Incidents:
  • 2010: Wave of letter bombs.
  • 2011: Shootout with Athens police.
• Status: Active, designated as a terrorist organization by the US.

Informal Anarchist Federation (FAI)

• Origin: Italy, founded in 2003.
• Ideology: Anti-capitalist, anti-nationalist, anti-Marxist.
• Activities: Bomb campaign targeting EU institutions, parcel bombs.
• Global Reach: Active in various countries including Russia, Argentina, Indonesia, Bolivia, Mexico, and the UK.

Rote Zora

• Origin: Germany, active from the 1970s to 1990s.
• Focus: Feminist issues, against sexism, patriarchy, genetic engineering.
• Activities: Bombings and arson attacks.

Individualistas Tendiendo a lo Salvaje (ITS)

• Origin: Mexico, founded in 2011.
• Ideology: Radical eco-anarchist, opposes civilization and technological progress.
• Notable Actions: Mailbomb attacks, expanded operations to Chile and Brazil.

Revolutionary Struggle (EA)

• Origin: Greece.
• Focus: Anti-imperialist, targeting government institutions and the US embassy.
• Notable Incidents: Series of bombings, designation as a terrorist group.

Redneck Revolt

• Origin: US, founded in 2009.
• Focus: Anti-capitalist, anti-racist, anti-fascist, supports gun rights.
• Activities: Armed presence as deterrent, provided security and aid at protests.

Earth Liberation Front (ELF)

• Origin: US and UK, decentralized ecore anarchist.
• Tactics: Arson and sabotage.
• Notable Attacks: Arson at Vail Ski Resort, Michigan State University.

Red and Anarchist Skinheads (RASH)

• Origin: US, founded in 1993.
• Focus: Anti-fascist, anti-racist, promotes anarchism and Marxism.

Galleanists

• Origin: US, followers of Luigi Galleani.
• Activities: Bombings, assassinations, linked to 1920 Wall Street bombing.

The Angry Brigade

• Origin: UK, active in the 1970s.
• Focus: Protests of capitalism, imperialism, Vietnam War.
• Activities: Over 25 bombings, property damage.

CNT FAI

• Origin: Spain, active during the Spanish Civil War.
• Focus: Anarcho-syndicalist labor union, armed resistance against Franco.

Narodnaya Volya

• Origin: Russia, 19th century.
• Focus: Overthrow of autocratic system.
• Notable Action: Assassination of Tsar Alexander II.

Bonnot Gang

• Origin: France, early 1900s.
• Activities: Use of cars in bank raids and robberies.

Black Army/Makhno's Army

• Origin: Ukraine, Russian Civil War.
• Focus: Libertarian socialist zone, guerilla warfare.

Los Solidarios

• Origin: Spain, active in the 1920s.
• Focus: Direct action against state repression.

Arditi del Popolo

• Origin: Italy, 1921.
• Focus: Anti-fascist, direct confrontation and armed resistance.
• Notable Success: Barricades of Parma repelled fascist assault.

International Working People's Association

• Origin: UK, later US.
• Focus: Militant anarchism, social revolution, direct action.
• Notable Incident: Haymarket bombing.

The Invisible Committee

• Origin: France.
• Focus: Anarchist and ultra-leftist, advocacy for open rebellion.
• Notable Actions: Accused of sabotaging high-speed train lines in 2008.