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What is the importance of cell variability in size and shape?
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Cell variability in size and shape is crucial for their specific functions and roles in different tissues.
What can be identified uniquely with the use of an electron microscope in cellular studies?
An electron microscope can identify details at the nanometer scale, revealing incredibly fine cellular structures beyond the capability of light microscopes.
What is the function of the cell membrane and its major components?
The cell membrane functions in transport and reception and is composed of phospholipids, proteins, and carbohydrates.
What is the primary focus of histology?
Histology is the study of healthy tissues using a microscope.
Which technique in histology uses a thinner and less dense embedding medium than paraffin?
Celloidin technique uses a less dense embedding medium compared to paraffin.
Explain how formalin is used in histological techniques.
Formalin is used as a preservative to fix and stabilize tissues for examination under a microscope.
What preservation technique is most commonly used in histology?
The paraffin technique is the most commonly used preservation technique.
What role do proteins play in the cell membrane?
Proteins in the cell membrane serve as transport channels and receptors for signaling molecules.
What is the magnification limitation of a light microscope?
A light microscope can magnify up to 1500 times.
Why might defective growth hormone receptors lead to short stature?
Defective growth hormone receptors can result in short stature despite normal hormone levels because the receptors fail to effectively respond to the hormone.
What staining dyes are used to visualize cell components under a microscope, and what do they stain?
Hematoxylin stains the nucleus blue and eosin stains the cytoplasm red.
How does a freezing technique differ from a paraffin technique in histological sample preparation?
The freezing technique is used for quick diagnosis, often during surgeries, unlike the paraffin technique which is more common but slower.
Differentiate between histology and cytology.
Histology is the study of tissues, whereas cytology is the study of cells.
What is the size comparison of a light microscope's resolution to that of an electron microscope?
A light microscope has a resolution of 1 micrometer, whereas an electron microscope resolves at the nanometer scale.
Describe the transport functions of the cell membrane.
The cell membrane facilitates simple and facilitated diffusion, as well as active transport.
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