Overview
Dr. DeNoble Zelo explains the procedures for performing Apley's Compression and Distraction tests to assess possible knee injuries, particularly to the ligaments and menisci.
Apley's Distraction Test Procedure
- Patient lies prone while the knee is passively flexed to 90 degrees.
- Light pressure is applied to the back of the patient's thigh to anchor it to the table.
- The examiner grasps the distal ankle with both hands, pulls upwards, internally rotates, and then externally rotates the tibia.
- Pain in the medial or lateral aspects during distraction may indicate injury or rupture of the medial or lateral collateral ligament.
Apley's Compression Test Procedure
- Pressure is applied to the plantar aspect of the foot with the knee at 90 degrees flexion.
- The examiner presses down, internally rotates, then externally rotates the tibia.
- Pain during compression and rotation may indicate injury to the medial or lateral meniscus.
Interpretation of Findings
- Pain on distraction suggests possible collateral ligament injury (medial or lateral).
- Pain on compression during rotation suggests possible meniscal injury (medial or lateral).