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Coronary Interventions
May 19, 2024
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Coronary Interventions
Introduction
Definition
: Medical procedure to widen blocked coronary arteries.
Importance
: Restores blood flow, treats chest pain (angina), and heart attacks.
Presenter
: Dr. Lee from Seoul Summary's Hospital.
Coronary Stent Procedure
Process
:
Inserted through wrist or leg vessels.
Stent navigated to heart via tube.
Metal stent expands narrowed vessels.
Before Stents
Procedure
: Only balloon dilation.
Condition
:
Atherosclerosis
: Cholesterol buildup in blood vessels.
Angina
: Insufficient blood supply to the heart muscle.
Myocardial Infarction
: Complete blockage causing muscle necrosis.
Advantages Over Surgery
Quicker
: 1-2 hour procedure with same or next-day discharge.
Fewer Complications
: Less risk of wounds and post-surgery issues.
Preference
: Often recommended over surgery, unless in cases of severe conditions or multivascular diseases.
Coronary Stent Details
Material
: Metal, remains in the blood vessel post-procedure.
Drug Stents
: Coated with anti-cancer drugs to prevent muscle cell proliferation and restenosis.
Lifespan
: Permanent once placed.
Risks and Complications
Complications
: Leakage, rupture, stent displacement, blocking blood flow, and infection.
Restenosis Rate
: 5-10% recurrence per year; higher if medication is stopped.
High-Risk Patients
: Myocardial infarction patients are at greater risk of recurrence.
Contraindications and Post-Procedure Care
Contraindications
: Limited life expectancy or severe comorbid diseases.
Medication
: Long-term antiplatelet drugs (6-12 months dual therapy, then lifelong single drug).
Rehabilitation and Lifestyle Changes
Rehabilitation
: Active medication and cardiac rehabilitation exercises essential post-procedure.
Complications of Myocardial Infarction
:
Reduced heart function.
Longer closure period and larger range: More severe and sometimes non-recoverable complications.
Prevention
Lifestyle Management
: Cannot cure heart disease, only provide temporary relief.
Risk Factors
:
Diabetes, high blood pressure, and hyperlipidemia management.
Adopting healthier habits: Low salt, low grease diet, quit smoking, regular exercise (e.g., walking).
Conclusion
Key Takeaway
: Coronary Interventions are life-saving, require medication and lifestyle changes.
Questions/Comments
: Encouraged for further clarity.
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